scholarly journals Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Dibothriocephalus Latus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) in Lake Iseo (Northern Italy): An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5070
Author(s):  
Vasco Menconi ◽  
Paolo Pastorino ◽  
Ivana Momo ◽  
Davide Mugetti ◽  
Maria Cristina Bona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Mean

Dibothriocephalus latus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea; syn. Diphyllobothrium latum), is a fish-borne zoonotic parasite responsible for diphyllobothriasis in humans. Although D. latus has long been studied, many aspects of its epidemiology and distribution remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, mean intensity of infestation, and mean abundance of plerocercoid larvae of D. latus in European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and its spatial distribution in three commercial fishing areas in Lake Iseo (Northern Italy). A total of 598 specimens of P. fluviatilis were caught in 2019. The total prevalence of D. latus was 6.5%. However, there were significant differences between areas (10.2% North; 7.3% Center; 1.5% South) (Chi-square test, p = 0.0018). The mean intensity of infestation ranged from 1 larva in southern area to 1.2 larvae in both the central and northern (Pisogne) areas. In addition, the mean abundance ranged from 0.02 in the southern area to 0.26 in the northern area (Pisogne). The total number of larvae (anterior dorsal—AD = 21; anterior ventral—AV = 1; posterior dorsal—PD = 15; posterior ventral—PV = 5) differed significantly between the four anatomical quadrants (Kruskal–Wallis test; p = 0.0001). The prevalence of D. latus plerocercoid larvae in European perch from Lake Iseo has long been investigated, but without an appropriate sampling design. With the present study, a broader analysis in spatial distribution has been added to the existing literature, revealing new information about D. latus distribution and occurrence in Lake Iseo, with new data that will be useful for health authorities and future studies.

Influence ofTriaenophorus nodulosusplerocercoids (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) on the occurrence of intestinal helminths in the perch (Perca fluviatilis)

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Morley ◽  
J.W. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concurrent Infections ◽  
Acanthocephalus Lucii ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Triaenophorus Nodulosus

AbstractConcurrent infections of helminths in vertebrates are widespread and may demonstrate synergistic, antagonistic or negligible levels of interactions between species that share a common site. However, indirect interactions between species that occur in different organs of a host are poorly documented, particularly in fish. Plerocercoids ofTriaenophorus nodulosusare common liver infections of European perch (Perca fluviatilis). These larval cestodes cause extensive liver damage, resulting in systemic pathologies that include alteration of the physiochemical environment of the intestine. Perch harbour a wide range of intestinal helminths whose occurrence may be potentially influenced by the concurrent presence ofT. nodulosusplerocercoids. The present study, using an existing dataset, investigated the effects ofT. nodulosuson the infection levels of four common perch helminths –Acanthocephalus lucii, Camallanus lacustris, Proteocephalus percaeandBunodera luciopercae. The prevalences ofA. luciiandC. lacustriswere significantly reduced in fish infected byT. nodulosus, although the mean intensity of infections remained unaffected for any helminth species, while the mean abundance ofC. lacustriswas significantly reduced in plerocercoid-affected perch. Differences in site selection and individual interactions between the four helminth species in the intestine ofT. nodulosus-infected and non-infected perch were rarely observed.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Mean Intensity of Myxobolus spp. Parasitizing Oreochromis niloticus in Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Guy Benoit LEKEUFACK FOLEFACK ◽  
Chanceline MALA KENGNE ◽  
Bienvenu FEUDJIO DONGMO ◽  
Abraham FOMENA
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Myxobolus Species ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Oreochromis niloticus, being one of the most commonly cultured fish on earth constitutes a favorable biotope for myxosporidia. This study provides information concerning the prevalence and mean intensity of Myxobolus species recorded in the kidney and spleen of O. niloticus. O. niloticus were sampled in farming ponds at Bamendou in Cameroon. Classic methods concerning fishing, fish autopsy and search of Myxosporidia were used. Prevalence and mean intensity was calculated. Data analysis based on the chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test was done. The study revealed the presence of six Myxobolus species in the kidney and spleen of O. niloticus. All parasites species appeared frequent while their mean intensity was low or very low. The occurrence of M. fotoi was statistically lower (P < 0.05) in the kidney’s anterior portion while the mean intensity of M. agolus was statistically (P < 0.01) higher in the anterior portion of the spleen. Myxobolus cichlidarum was not found in kidney of young fish and occurrence of M. agolus statistically increases (P < 0.05) with host age. Host sex has significant influence (P < 0.05) on: occurrence of M. agolus, M. fotoi, M. agolus, M. brachysporus and M. heterosporus; and mean intensity of M. fotoi. The study revealed that in O. niloticus, the kidney and spleen harboured the same parasites species and there were only few variations in occurrences and mean intensities of parasites species recorded as function of host organs, age and sex.

scholarly journals A generalized, nonlinear regression approach to the length-weight relationship of European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) from the Polish coast of the southern Baltic Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello De Giosa ◽  
Przemysław Czerniejewski
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Regression Approach ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Southern Baltic

Abstract Length-weight relationships in fish are important tools in fisheries management. The aim of this study was to estimate the growth curve W=aLb for European perch, Perca fluviatilis L., from the Polish coast of the southern Baltic Sea (ICES Subdivision 25). The data set comprised the total weights and total lengths of 827 specimens caught during the 2011-2013 period. The mean total length (TL) was 169.4 mm (range 100.0-310.0 mm), and the mean total weight was 83.9 g (range 11.3-553.2 g). First, a multiplicative error term and a linear regression approach to loglog-transformed data was considered. The following estimated values for the parameters were obtained: a = exp(-12.5323), b=3.25, s=0.07862. This approach was not successful in solving the common heterogeneity problem of the length-weight data. A generalized nonlinear regression approach to the original data was more suitable in our case. The estimated model was W = 3.83×10-6×L3.238 + ε, with ε~norm(0,0.0281×E[W|L]2×1.242). The estimated 95% confidence interval for b was (3.218, 3.259), and the growth was allometric. The perch from the coastal waters of the Baltic Sea (ICES Subdivision 25) was characterized by slightly better condition than that caught in inland waters and estuaries.

scholarly journals Effect of Nebulized Morphine vs. Intravenous Morphine in Decreased Pain in Renal Colic Patient

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrnaz Nikouyeh ◽  
Mohammad ali Jafari nedoushan ◽  
Mahmood Vakili ◽  
Majid Hajimaghsoudi ◽  
Mehdi Bagherabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intravenous Morphine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Renal colic refers to one or more acute and painful short-term attacks due to the movement and excretion of kidney stones. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intravenous morphine and inhaled morphine on pain relief in renal colic patients. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 50 patients of Shahid Sadoghi Hospital and Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital with renal colic symptoms who were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received 5 mg intravenous morphine and 5 cc normal saline (placebo) and the second group received 10 mg inhaled morphine and 5 cc normal saline. Severity of pain was assessed at the time of emergency and onset of Visual Analog Scale and then questionnaires were completed at 10, 20 and 30 minutes intervals.  The data through SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL; Version 16 and the Friedman, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests were analyzed. Results: Our study showed the mean intensity of pain was 9.52±1.12 (nebulized) and 9.24±1.51 (intravenous) on admission without significant difference (p=0.46). After 10 minutes, mean pain intensity in both nebulized and intravenous groups was 7.76±1.3 and 6.68±2.03, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.03). After 20 minutes, the mean pain intensity was 5.68±1.72 and 4.32±2.17, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was significant. After 30 minutes, the mean intensity of pain in two groups of nebulized and intravenous was 3.88±3.14 and 3.36±3.34, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not significant (p = 0.57).The mean pain intensity in the intravenous method was lower than the nebulized, but in the nebulized method it was showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion: Nebulized morphine relieves pain in the patients with renal colic, but pain relief is faster by intravenous morphine. Accordingly, this method is more preferred in renal colic patients.

Comparision of two fluoride varnishes for controlling white spot lesions. Randomized clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Alberto Luengo - Fereira
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To compare two fluorinated varnishes for the control of white spot lesions.Material and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 103 active whitespot lesions on permanent upper anterior teeth from 24 patients, aged 7 to 9 years were randomly assigned totwo groups, G1: Duraphat® (n=52) and G2: DuraShield® (n=51). Weekly applications were perform for fourconsecutive weeks. Fifth week the dimension, regression and activity of the lesions were evaluated. Student’sT test, Wilcoxon Ranks and Chi square were used at 5% significance. Results: At the end of the study, the lesion reduction was observed in 69.7%, finding significant differences(p<0.05) in the mean of the initial and final dimensions in general (2.74 mm to 1.91 mm) and in each group, G1(2.84 mm to 2.03 mm), G2 (2.64 mm to 1.78 mm). In the activity of the lesions, it was found in the G1, 12 active and6 inactive lesions; while in G2, there were 14 active and 29 inactive; these differences were significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The two evaluated products showed similar clinical efficacy in the remineralization of activewhite spot lesions after 4 weeks of therapy.

scholarly journals Early mortality in hip fracture patients admitted during first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Italy: a multicentre study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Dallari ◽  
Luigi Zagra ◽  
Pietro Cimatti ◽  
Nicola Guindani ◽  
Rocco D’Apolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Proximal Femur Fracture ◽  
Time To Surgery ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Treatment of hip fractures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed unique challenges for the management of COVID-19-infected patients and the maintenance of standards of care. The primary endpoint of this study is to compare the mortality rate at 1 month after surgery in symptomatic COVID-positive patients with that of asymptomatic patients. A secondary endpoint of the study is to evaluate, in the two groups of patients, mortality at 1 month on the basis of type of fracture and type of surgical treatment. Materials and methods For this retrospective multicentre study, we reviewed the medical records of patients hospitalised for proximal femur fracture at 14 hospitals in Northern Italy. Two groups were formed: COVID-19-positive patients (C+ group) presented symptoms, had a positive swab for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and received treatment for COVID-19; COVID-19-negative patients (C− group) were asymptomatic and tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. The two groups were compared for differences in time to surgery, survival rate and complications rate. The follow-up period was 1 month. Results Of the 1390 patients admitted for acute care for any reason, 477 had a proximal femur fracture; 53 were C+ but only 12/53 were diagnosed as such at admission. The mean age was > 80 years, and the mean American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was 3 in both groups. There was no substantial difference in time to surgery (on average, 2.3 days for the C+ group and 2.8 for the C− group). As expected, a higher mortality rate was recorded for the C+ group but not associated with the type of hip fracture or treatment. No correlation was found between early treatment (< 48 h to surgery) and better outcome in the C+ group. Conclusions Hip fracture in COVID-19-positive patients accounted for 11% of the total. On average, the time to surgery was > 48 h, which reflects the difficulty of maintaining normal workflow during a medical emergency such as the present pandemic and notwithstanding the suspension of non-urgent procedures. Hip fracture was associated with a higher 30-day mortality rate in COVID-19-positive patients than in COVID-19-negative patients. This fact should be considered when communicating with patients and/or their family. Our data suggest no substantial difference in hip fracture management between patients with or without COVID-19 infection. In this sample, the COVID-19-positive patients were generally asymptomatic at admission; therefore, routine screening is recommended. Level of evidence Therapeutic study, level 4.

scholarly journals Ex vivo accuracy of three electronic apex locators using different apical file sizes

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Carvalho de Vasconcelos ◽  
Leonardo de Alencar Matos ◽  
Elilton Cavalcante Pinheiro-Júnior ◽  
Antônio Sérgio Teixeira de Menezes ◽  
Nilton Vivacqua-Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Apical Constriction ◽  
Visual Measurement ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

This study evaluated the accuracy of three electronic apex locators (Root ZX, Novapex, and Justy II) in root canal length determinations using different apical file sizes, considering the apical constriction (AC) and the major foramen (MF) as anatomic references. The diameter of the apical foramina of 40 single-rooted teeth was determined by direct visual measurement and the master apical file was established. Electronic measurements were then performed using 3 instruments: the selected master apical file (adjusted file), one size smaller (intermediate file), and two sizes smaller (misfit file). The distances from the tip of files fixed in the canals to the MF and to the AC were measured digitally. Precision at AC and at MF for the misfit, intermediate and adjusted apical files was as follows: 80%/88%/83% and 78%/83%/95% (Root ZX); 80%/85%/80% and 68%/73%/73% (Novapex); and 78%/80%/78% and 65%/78%/70% (Justy II). Considering the mean discrepancies, statistically significant differences were found only for the adjusted file at MF, with Root ZX presenting the best results at MF. The chi-square test showed significant differences between the acceptable measurements at AC and at MF for the Justy II and Novapex (± 0.5 mm) regardless of file adjustment. Under the conditions of the present study, all devices provided acceptable electronic measurements regardless of file adjustment, except for Root ZX which had its performance improved significantly when the precisely fit apical file was used. Justy II and Novapex provided electronic measurements nearest to the AC.

A cross sectional study: The association between sleeping quality and stress among second and third medical students at the University of Jordan

2021 ◽  
pp. 009121742110112
Author(s):  
AA Toubasi ◽  
BR Khraisat ◽  
RB AbuAnzeh ◽  
HM Kalbouneh
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
University Of Jordan ◽  
The University

Objective Medicine is considered one if not the most stressful educational field. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of stress and poor sleeping quality among medical students and the association between them. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jordan on second- and third-year medical students. The questionnaire consisted of: 1) Demographics; 2) The assessment tools which were Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Index (PSQI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Status (K10). Binary logistic regression, chi-square and linear regression were used to investigate the association between PSQI, K10, and their determinants. Results The mean for PSQI score was 6.76 ± 3.32. PSQI scores interpretation revealed that 61.7% of the 282 participants of this study were poor sleepers. Logistic regression results showed that only the category of not napping at all from the napping hours variable was significantly associated with sleeping quality. Furthermore, the mean of K10 scores was 24.5 ± 8.5. K10 scores revealed that 66.3% of the participants were stressed. Logistic regression results showed that gender and regular exercise were significantly associated with psychological distress. Additionally, chi-square test, logistic regression and linear regression showed that PSQI was significantly associated with K10 (P <0.01). Conclusions Stress and poor sleeping quality in medical students at the University of Jordan were highly prevalent and strongly associated. What determined PSQI was daytime napping, and for K10 were regular exercise and gender. Further investigations into stress and sleep quality in the Arabian region are needed.

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