First record of Trichodina heterodentata (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) in banded knifefish Gymnotus carapo (Gymnotidae) cultured in Brazil

The aim of this study was to report the first record of Trichodina heterodentata in banded knifefish Gymnotus carapo. Banded knifefish cultivated in the municipality of Jataí, state of Goiás, in the central western region of Brazil, experienced fish mortality rates of 3-4% per tank. Macroscopic analysis found that fish had lesions on their skin and gills. Smears of the integument and gills were confectioned and air-dried at room temperature and impregnated with silver nitrate to identify the Trichodinidae species causing the lesions. The trichodinid were identified as T. heterodentata, and their characteristics were compared to those from T. heterodentata recorded from other species of host fish. It was observed that the presence of T. heterodentata was associated with inadequate fish management, low water quality, high rates of stocking density, and inadequate nutritional management.

Taxonomical Accounts of Protozoan Parasites of Climbing Perch, Anabas Testudineus in Bangladesh

The study was conducted to identify the protozoan parasites in a freshwater indigenous air breathing fish, Anabas testudineus. The host fish was collected during mid of the April 2018 to end of the March 2019 from freshwater bodies of Mymensingh, Kishoregonj, Faridpur, Jashore, Manikganj and Bogura districts of Bangladesh. Five species of phylum myxozoa namely Henneguya gigas, Henneguya mystusia, Henneguyaa cerinae, Henneguya periophthalmusi and Myxidium sp., three species of phylum ciliophora namely Amphileptus disciformis, Epistylisl woffi and Trichodina anabasi and one species of phylum mastigophora namely Trypanosoma anabasi were identified in A. testudineus. Myxozoans (97.55%) were clearly dominant group than chiliophorans (2.45%). Bangladesh J. Zool. 49 (2): 331-345, 2021

Digenetic Trematode Parasites in Two Fresh Water Fishes Ophiocephalus Punctatus and Xenentodon Cancila From North West Himalayas

The study was conducted during September 2018-August 2019 to study the digenetic trematode infection in fresh water fishes of some of the water bodies viz. Gho-manhasan, Chakrali and Chadwal of Jammu region of J&K union territory A total of 220 fishes comprising Ophiocephalus punctatus and Xenentodon cancila belonging to families Channidae and Belonidae respectively were examined. A total of 4 digenetic trematode parasites belonging to 4 different families i.e., Euclinostomum heterostomum (Clinostomidae Luhe, 1901); Phyllodistomum tripathi (Gorgoderidae Looss, 1901); Genarchopsis piscicola (Hemiuridae, Luhe, 1901), and Bucephalopsis karvei (Bucephalidae Poche, 1907) were detected. The overall prevalence of digenetic trematode infection was 65.90% and the mean intensity was 3.58. Among these Genarchopsis piscicola showed the highest prevalence (40.38%) with mean intensity 2.95 in the host fish Xenentodon cancila, while in other species the prevalence ranged between 26.23% and 34.62%. Present study authenticates the presence of several species of digenetic trematode parasites in the fishes inhabiting freshwater of J&K union territory.

First report of Ceratomyxa scorpaeni (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) from Scorpaena porcus in the Black Sea

Members of the class Myxosporea Bütschli, 1881 have a cosmopolitan distribution in a wide variety of fish species worldwide. In the present study, the black scorpionfish Scorpaena porcus collected from the Sinop coasts of the Black Sea was investigated for myxosporean parasites using both conventional and molecular methods in the period between September 2015 and August 2019. Using morphological and morphometric data, the myxosporean parasite Ceratomyxa scorpaeni Garbouj, Rangel, Castro, Hmissi, Santos, Bahri, 2016 was identified in the gall bladder of host fish. Molecular analysis of the 18S rDNA gene confirmed the identity of this parasite as C. scorpaeni. This is the first report of its occurrence in the Black Sea.

Infection of the Parasitic Isopods on Commercial Fishes of the Northern Part of the East Coast of India

The present study report the parasitic isopod infection on commercial fishes of the northern part of the east coast of India collected during the period 2010-2015 from the marine water of Odisha and West Bengal. During the study, 394 isopods were collected after examining 2668 fishes. These include 14 species of isopods, out of which 13 belong to 5 genera under the family Cymothoidae, and a single species Alitropus typus belongs to the family: Aegidae. Of theses, 03 species viz., Catoessa boscii, Cymothoa eremita and Nerocila loveni are first record to the northern part of east coast of India. Out of the 2668 fishes examined, 326 examples belonging to 34 species under 19 different families were infected by different isopods. Member of the host fish family Carangidae was more parasitized by isopods, followed by Clupeidae, Scoberidae, and Leiognathidae. The dominant isopods were Nerocila phaiopleura and Catoessa boschii. The total prevalence was 12.21. The prevalence was high on the host fish Alepes djedaba and lowest on Lutjanus johnii. The total infection caused by genus Alitropus was 1.52%, Anilocra was 5.07%, Catoessa was 24.87%, Cymothoa was 0.25%, Nerocila was 65.73%, and Norileca was 2.55%. The isopod prevention was high during the post-monsoon and low during the monsoon period.

Nematode Parasites of Rockfish (Sebastes spp.) and Cod (Gadus spp.) from Waters near Kodiak Island Alaska, USA

Distribution and abundance of common parasitic nematodes in marine fishes is not well documented in many geographic regions. Understanding the influence of large-scale environmental changes on infection rates of fish by nematodes requires quantitative assessments of parasite abundance for multiple host species. We collected samples of two species of cod and eight species of rockfish (total of 232 specimens) from waters near Kodiak Island, Alaska, USA during Spring and Summer of 2015, and dissected and recorded all internal nematode parasites. We quantified the prevalence and intensity of nematode parasites in the ten host species, and tested for differences in prevalence among host species. We found three species of nematode: Anisakis simplex, sensu lato (Van Thiel), Pseudoterranova decipiens, sensu lato (Krabbe), and Hysterothylacium sp. (Ward and Magath). Eighty-two percent of the examined fish were infected with at least one parasitic nematode. The overall prevalence of P. decipiens, A. simplex, and Hysterothylacium sp. was 56%, 62%, and 2%, respectively. Anisakis simplex and P. decipiens were abundant and present in all ten species of host fish examined, whereas Hysterothylacium sp. was rare and found in only five of the host fish species. Prevalence and mean intensity of P. decipiens and A. simplex varied across the ten host species, and the number of parasites varied substantially among individual hosts within host species. The mean intensity of P. terranova and A. simplex in our study was substantially higher than the mean intensity for these same species from multiple other locations in a recent meta-analysis. This study provides a baseline of nematode parasite abundance in long-lived fish in waters near Kodiak Island, AK, and fills an important gap in our quantitative understanding of patterns of occurrence and abundance of these common and widespread parasites of marine fish.

Modèle de distribution des nématodes chez le poisson chat (Clarias anguillaris (Linnaeus, 1758)) dans deux réservoirs du Burkina Faso (Afrique de l’Ouest)

Paracamallanus cyathopharynx, Procamallanus laevichoncus, Rhabdochona congolensis, Contracaecum sp., Anisakis sp. et une espèce non identifiée. Les nématodes étaient plus nombreux dans le réservoir de Ziga. Cependant, la prévalence des nématodes n’a pas varié dans les deux sites. Les nématodes adultes étaient plus diversifiés dans le tube digestif et les larves étaient fréquentes dans la cavité et dans les tissus des organes. Parmi les espèces de nématodes étudiés, Anisakis sp. a été rencontrée chez les poissons pour la première fois au Burkina Faso. Cette investigation a permis de connaître les espèces de nématodes qu’héberge C. anguillaris au Burkina Faso. Ces espèces n’avaient pas la même distribution chez l’hôte de même que les différents stades. Les adultes étaient rencontrés dans le tube digestif et les larves dans les tissus et les mésentères English title: Nematode distribution pattern in catfish (Clarias anguillaris (Linnaeus, 1758)) in two reservoirs of Burkina Faso (West Africa) Clarias anguillaris is a fish widely consumed in Burkina Faso. Among the parasites of this fish, we note the nematodes whose diversity and preferred organs are not very well known. This work shows diversity and distribution of nematodes of C. anguillaris. The host fish were sampled in two reservoirs in Burkina Faso; namely the Loumbila dam and the Ziga dam. At each sampling, the host fish were examined for nematodes. The digestive tract, for its part, was separated from the secondary organs after dissection, and each part was examined for the collection of nematodes. A total of 268 Clarias anguillaris were examined. Of the fish examined, 74.63% were infected. 06 species of Nematodes were collected: Paracamallanus cyathopharynx, Procamallanus laevichoncus, Rhabdochona congolensis, Contracaecum sp., Anisakis sp. and an unidentified nematode. Nematodes were more abundant in Ziga dam. However, the percentage of nematodes infestation did not vary at both sites. Adults’ nematodes were more diverse in the digestive tract and larva were more found in the cavity and in the tissues. Among the species of nematodes studied, Anisakis sp. was encountered for the first time on fishes in Burkina Faso. This investigation allowed to discover the nematode species harbored by C. anguillaris in Burkina Faso. These species did not have the same distribution in the host nor the different stages of the nematodes. Adults were found in the digestive tract and larvae in tissues and mesenteries.

Community structure of protozoan parasites in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch 1794) in Bangladesh

The study was conducted to prepare a database for the infection status of protozoan parasites on an important host fish species of Bangladesh, Heretropneustes fossilis. Host samples were collected from the freshwater habitats of six different districts of Bangladesh- Manikganj, Faridpur, Mymensingh, Kishoreganj, Bogura, and Jashore. H. fossilis was noted to be infected by 6 parasite species, of which 3 belonged to myxozoa (Henneguya singhi, Henneguya qadrii and Henneguya mystusia); 1 belonged to ciliophora (Trichodina siddiquae) and 2 (Trypanosoma singhii and Piscinoodium pillulare) belonged to mastigophora.The parasites, Trypanosoma singhii and Henneguya singhi were recorded as new locality record in H. fossilis. The three parasites Piscinoodium pillulare, Henneguya qadrii and Henneguya mystusia were the first recorded parasites in this fish and the first locality record in Bangladesh. The parasites were observed to occupy gill, body slime, and blood. Gill parasites were abundantly found compared to body slime and blood parasites. The highest prevalence (67.21%) of infection of H. fossilis was observed in Manikganj and the lowest prevalence (54.67%) of infection was observed in Bogura. Parasites of H. fossilis showed the highest diversity in fishes of Faridpur (2.63). Species richness of parasites was highest in Manikganj (0.38) and species evenness was relatively low (0.13-0.19) in almost all the study sites. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 307-316, 2021 (July)