scholarly journals An outbreak of serotype-1 sequence type 306 invasive pneumococcal disease in an Australian Indigenous population

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M Cook ◽  
Carolien M Giele ◽  
Sanjay H Jayasinghe ◽  
Angela Wakefield ◽  
Vicki L Krause
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Vaccine Schedule ◽  
Serotype 1

Between 2010 and 2013, an outbreak of serotype-1 sequence type 306 (ST306) invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) occurred primarily in remote locations of Northern and Central Australia. This is a descriptive study of the epidemiology of the outbreak using nationwide IPD surveillance data, supplemented with more detailed data held by affected jurisdictions, and of the response to the outbreak, including vaccination strategies. In the year the outbreak peaked (2011), serotype-1 IPD incidence was over 30-fold higher in the affected regions than in the rest of Australia (incidence rate ratio: 30.7 [95% CI 20.1–48.9]). The study includes 245 cases of serotype-1 IPD from the outbreak regions, with 75.5% identified as Indigenous. No reported cases of serotype-1 IPD occurred in young children who had completed either a 10- or 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine schedule. However serotype-1 IPD did occur in older children who had previously received 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Development of public-health-focused national IPD management guidelines, including suitable vaccine strategies for consistent use nationwide, could potentially decrease the duration and intensity of similar outbreaks in the future.

Molecular characterization of an Australian serotype 1Streptococcus pneumoniaeoutbreak

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. STAPLES ◽  
R. M. A. GRAHAM ◽  
A. V. JENNISON ◽  
L. ARIOTTI ◽  
V. HICKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Mlva Type ◽  
Serotype 1

SUMMARYSerotype 1Streptococcus pneumoniaeis a cause of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) worldwide and has been associated with IPD outbreaks, while carriage is rarely detected in healthy adults or children. This study details an Australian multi-state and territory outbreak of serotype 1S. pneumoniaeIPD between 2010 and 2012. Molecular characterization demonstrated the outbreak was largely due to the clonal expansion of sequence type 306, MLVA type 261S. pneumoniaeserotype 1.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Sequence Type 4846 Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 12F Strain Isolated from a Meningitis Case in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chang ◽  
Masatomo Morita ◽  
Ken-ichi Lee ◽  
Makoto Ohnishi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meningitis Case

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 12F rarely colonizes the nasopharynx but commonly causes invasive pneumococcal disease. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a sequence type 4846 (ST4846) S. pneumoniae serotype 12F strain isolated from a cluster of invasive pneumococcal disease patients in Japan.

scholarly journals Relationship between Serotypes, Age, and Clinical Presentation of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Madrid, Spain, after Introduction of the 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine into the Vaccination Calendar

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Picazo ◽  
J. Ruiz-Contreras ◽  
J. Casado-Flores ◽  
E. Giangaspro ◽  
F. Del Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumonia ◽  
Parapneumonic Empyema

ABSTRACTTo assess invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) clinical presentations and relationships with age and serotype in hospitalized children (<15 years) after PCV7 implementation in Madrid, Spain, a prospective 2-year (May 2007 to April 2009) laboratory-confirmed (culture and/or PCR) IPD surveillance study was performed (22 hospitals). All isolates (for serotyping) and culture-negative pleural/cerebrospinal fluids were sent to the reference laboratory for pneumolysin (ply) and autolysin (lyt) gene PCR analysis. A total of 330 IPDs were identified: 263 (79.7%) confirmed by culture and 67 (20.3%) confirmed by PCR. IPD distribution by age (months) was as follows: 23.6% (<12), 15.8% (12 to 23), 15.5% (24 to 35), 22.4% (36 to 59), and 22.7% (>59). Distribution by clinical presentation was as follows: 34.5% bacteremic pneumonia, 30.3% pediatric parapneumonic empyema (PPE), 13.6% meningitis, 13.3% primary bacteremia, and 8.2% others. Meningitis and primary bacteremia were the most frequent IPDs in children <12 months old, and bacteremic pneumonia and PPE were most frequent in those >36 months old. Frequencies of IPD-associated serotypes were as follows: 1, 26.1%; 19A, 18.8%; 5, 15.5%; 7F, 8.5%; 3, 3.9%; nontypeable/other 30 serotypes, 27.3%. Serotype 1 was linked to respiratory-associated IPD (38.6% in bacteremic pneumonia and 38.0% in PPE) and children of >36 months (51.4% for 36 to 59 months and 40.0% for >59 months), while serotype 19A was linked to nonrespiratory IPDs (31.1% in meningitis, 27.3% in primary bacteremia, and 51.9% in others) and children of <24 months (35.9% for children of <12 months and 36.5% for those 12 to 23 months old), with high nonsusceptibility rates for penicillin, cefotaxime, and erythromycin. After PCV7 implementation, non-PCV7 serotypes caused 95.5% of IPDs. The new 13-valent conjugate vaccine would provide 79.1% coverage of serotypes responsible for IPDs in this series.

scholarly journals Effects of PCV7 and PCV13 on invasive pneumococcal disease and carriage in Stockholm, Sweden

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1208-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Galanis ◽  
Ann Lindstrand ◽  
Jessica Darenberg ◽  
Sarah Browall ◽  
Priyanka Nannapaneni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Herd Protection

The effects of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) need to be investigated. In Stockholm County, Sweden, PCV7 was introduced in the childhood immunisation programme in 2007 and changed to PCV13 in 2010.Over 90% of all invasive isolates during 2005–2014 (n=2336) and carriage isolates, 260 before and 647 after vaccine introduction, were characterised by serotyping, molecular typing and antibiotic susceptibility, and serotype diversity was calculated. Clinical information was collected for children and adults with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).The IPD incidence decreased post-PCV7, but not post-PCV13, in vaccinated children. Beneficial herd effects were seen in older children and adults, but not in the elderly. The herd protection was more pronounced post-PCV7 than post-PCV13. PCV7 serotypes decreased. IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes 3 and 19A increased post-PCV7. Post-PCV13, serotypes 6A and 19A, but not serotype 3, decreased. The serotype distribution changed in carriage and IPD to nonvaccine types, also in nonvaccinated populations. Expansion of non-PCV13 serotypes was largest following PCV13 introduction. Serotype diversity increased and nonvaccine clones emerged, such as CC433 (serotype 22F) in IPD and CC62 (serotype 11A) in carriage. In young children, meningitis, septicaemia and severe rhinosinusitis, but not bacteraemic pneumonia, decreased.Pneumococcal vaccination leads to expansion of new or minor serotypes/clones, also in nonvaccinated populations.

scholarly journals Schedules for Pneumococcal Vaccination of Preterm Infants: An RCT

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Alison Kent ◽  
Shamez N. Ladhani ◽  
Nick J. Andrews ◽  
Tim Scorrer ◽  
Andrew J. Pollard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Schedule

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Premature infants have a higher risk of invasive pneumococcal disease and are more likely to have lower vaccine responses compared with term infants. Increasingly, immunization schedules are including a reduced, 2-dose, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine priming schedule. Our goal was to assess the immunogenicity of 3 commonly used 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) priming schedules in premature infants and their response to a 12-month booster dose. METHODS Premature infants (&lt;35 weeks’ gestation) were randomized to receive PCV13 at 2 and 4 months (reduced schedule); 2, 3, and 4 months (accelerated schedule); or 2, 4, and 6 months (extended schedule). All infants received a 12-month PCV13 booster. Serotype-specific pneumococcal immunoglobulin G (IgG) for PCV13 serotypes was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 1 month after the primary and booster vaccinations. RESULTS A total of 210 infants (median birth gestation, 29+6 weeks; range, 23+2–34+6 weeks) were included. After the primary vaccination, 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62–85), 88% (95% CI, 76–95), and 97% (95% CI, 87–99) of participants had protective antibody concentrations for at least one-half the PCV13 serotypes for the reduced, accelerated, and extended schedules, respectively. After the booster vaccination, participants receiving the extended schedule had significantly lower (P &lt; .05) geometric mean concentrations compared with reduced (for 9 of 13 serotypes) and accelerated (for 4 of 13 serotypes) schedules, but nearly all participations, regardless of schedule or serotype, had seroprotective IgG concentrations. CONCLUSIONS A reduced priming schedule of PCV13 resulted in higher post-booster IgG concentrations but lower post-primary concentrations. The optimum vaccine schedule for preterm infants will therefore depend on when they are most at risk for invasive pneumococcal disease.

Increased incidence of serotype-1 invasive pneumococcal disease in young female adults in The Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1996-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. VAN MENS ◽  
A. M. M. VAN DEURSEN ◽  
S. C. A. MEIJVIS ◽  
B. J. M. VLAMINCKX ◽  
E. A. M. SANDERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Serotype 1

SUMMARYAnalysis of the Dutch national invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance data by sex reveals an increase in the incidence of serotype-1 disease in young female adults in The Netherlands after the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the national immunization schedule. This has led to an overall increase in IPD in women aged 20–45 years, which was not observed in men of the same age. No other differences in serotype shifts possibly induced by the introduction of PCV7 were observed between the sexes in this age group. Serotype 1 is a naturally fluctuating serotype in Europe and it has been associated with disease in young healthy adults before. It remains uncertain whether or not there is an association between the observed increase in serotype-1 disease in young female adults and the implementation of PCV7 in The Netherlands.

Risk factor analysis for pneumococcal meningitis in adults with invasive pneumococcal infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1353-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. BURCKHARDT ◽  
F. BURCKHARDT ◽  
M. VAN DER LINDEN ◽  
C. HEEG ◽  
R. R. REINERT
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reference Centre ◽  
Serotype 1

SUMMARYPneumococcal meningitis is a subgroup of invasive pneumococcal disease with a case-fatality rate of up to 30% and long-term sequelae in more than 50% of cases in adults in developed countries. We aimed to determine risk factors for this particular form of pneumococcal disease. We conducted a prospective population-based laboratory study of invasive pneumococcal disease in adults in North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany from February 2001 to August 2006. All isolates underwent serotyping and susceptibility testing at the National Reference Centre for Streptococci in Aachen, Germany. Data were analysed using multiple linear regression. A total of 1043 isolates from bacteraemia and 131 isolates from meningitis were included into the study. Serotype 23F and being female were independent risk factors for pneumococcal meningitis. Being ⩾60 years and serotype 1 were associated with a reduced odds ratio. Season, penicillin and macrolide resistance were not statistically associated with CNS involvement.

scholarly journals Clonal Spread of mef-Positive Macrolide-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Causing Invasive Disease in Adults in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1830-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark van der Linden ◽  
Adnan Al-Lahham ◽  
Stefan Haupts ◽  
Ralf René Reinert
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Erythromycin A ◽  
Clonal Spread ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT Isolates (3,845) obtained from German adults with invasive pneumococcal disease between 1992 and 2004 were investigated. Of these, 430 isolates (11.2%) were erythromycin A nonsusceptible. Macrolide resistance genotypes and multilocus sequence types were determined. Among the isolates, 35.6% were erm(B) positive and 63.5% were mef positive. Over the study period, the frequency of resistance rose significantly from 2.2 to 17.0% (P < 0.001). A serotype 14, sequence type 9 clone was the most widespread.

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