scholarly journals 6 Implementación de un de sistema de inventario forestal de parques urbanos en la ciudad de Cuenca.

2017 ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Luis Angel Ávila Pozo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Current State ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Qualified Personnel

La implementación de inventarios forestales en centros urbanos permiten conocer la biodiversidad forestal con la que se cuenta, para de esta manera promover, entre la población, su cuidado y tomar las acciones para su conservación y crecimiento. Estos inventarios permiten conocer las características de los individuos forestales, con base en las cuales se puede determinar su estado de salud y la influencia que estos puedan provocar en la población, de manera positiva o negativa. Uno de los factores que pone en riesgo la biodiversidad forestal es el crecimiento urbano, y esta clase de inventarios nos permitirá acercarnos al estado de las áreas verdes para conocer la distribución de especies endémicas y exóticas, y ante esto buscar posibles soluciones a las problemáticas, como el déficit de especies nativas, sobrepoblación de individuos forestales no adecuados para el entorno o simplemente determinar si estos centrosurbanos cuentan o no con una cantidad mínima de espacios verdes y vegetación que pueda aportar a una buena calidad de  vida.El objetivo de este trabajo es contar con un sistema de inventario forestal para parques urbanos con geolocalización de cada uno de los árboles, apoyado en el levantamiento de información de campo a través de formularios desarrollados por personal calificado, que conoce las características necesarias para un eficiente inventario forestal, el uso de la tecnología de drones para obtener productos que reflejen el estado actual, la ubicación de los parques urbanos así como de sus árboles y también un geoportal para compartir con la población toda la información recolectada y procesada. Palabras clave: Inventario forestal, drone, ortofotografía, crecimiento urbano, geoportal, formulario digital, muestra botánica, individuo forestal. AbstractThe implementation of forest inventories in urban centers allows us to know the existing forest biodiversity, in order to promote, among the population, its care and take actions for their conservation and growth. These inventories allow to know the characteristics of the forest individuals, based on which they can determine their health status and the influence thatthese can provoke in the population, in a positive or negative way. One of the factors that threatens forest biodiversity is urban growth, and this kind of inventory will allow us to approach the state of the green areas to know the distribution of endemic and exotic species, and therefore look for possible solutions to the problems, such as the deficit of native species, overpop-ulation of forest individuals not suitable for the environment or simply determine if these urban centers have or not a minimum amount of green spaces and vegetation that can contribute to a good quality of life.The objective of this work is to have a system of forest inventory for urban parks with geolocation of each one of the trees, supported survey of field information through forms developed by qualified personnel, which knows the necessary characteristics for an efficient forest inventory, the use of drone technology to obtain products that reflect the current state, thelocation of urban parks as well as their trees and also a geoportal to share with the population all the information collected and processed. Keywords:Forest inventory, drone, orthophotography, urban growth, geoportal, digital form, botanical sample, forest individual.

On the error of estimates from successive forest inventories with SPR

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-447
Author(s):  
Tiberius Cunia
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Continuous Forest ◽  
Regression Functions ◽  
The Given ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Continuous Forest Inventory

The approach used by Cunia to combine the error from sample plots with the error from volume or biomass tables when Continuous Forest Inventory (CFI) estimates of current values and growth are calculated is extended to the CFI systems using Sampling with Partial Replacement (SPR). The formulae are derived for the case of SPR on two measurement occasions when (i) volume or biomass tables are constructed from linear regressions for which an estimate of the covariance matrix of the regression coefficients is known, and (ii) the sample plots or points are selected by random sampling independently of the given volume or biomass regression functions.

From Souqs to Emporiums: The Urban Transformation of Abu Dhabi

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Yasser Elsheshtawy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Case Study ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Trade Center

This paper in its first part aims at contextualizing Abu Dhabi's urban development and understanding the factors that have governed its urban growth through a historical case study approach. Relying on archival records and primary sources five stages of urban growth are identified. Data mining of media archives allows for a first hand account of developments taking place thus grounding the depictions. The second part contextualizes this review through a case study of the Central Market project — also known as Abu Dhabi's World Trade Center. The paper concludes by elaborating on the significance of such a historical analysis as it shifts the discourse away from a focus on the ‘artificiality’ of cities in the Gulf to one that is based on a recognition about the historicity of its urban centers, however recent it may be. Additionally the pertinence of such an analysis for cities worldwide is discussed as well.

scholarly journals The current state of urban soils in the core of Baku’s agglomeration

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
L. Gasimova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soils ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
The Core ◽  
Current State ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article presents the results of studies the soils of urban parks, gardens, roadside zones in the core of the agglomeration of Baku. The urban soils were studied as indicators of the ecological status of the city of Baku. The impact of soil condition on the green areas in seven districts of Baku has been evaluated.

scholarly journals Zustand und Entwicklung siedlungsnaher Wälder – Ergebnisse aus dem LFI

2017 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Christoph Fischer ◽  
Urs-Beat Brändli
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Lowland Forests ◽  
First Time ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Forest Managers

State and development of forests close to settlements – results from the NFI For more than 30 years, the national forest inventory (NFI) has been reporting on the state and development of the Swiss forest and its services. Here, for the first time on the topic of “urban forest”, focusing on the forests in the Swiss lowlands, where all urban centers are located. Due to missing definitions we classified the forest according to household equivalents in the vicinity of NFI plots. The forest was classified as either close to settlements (urban) or far from settlements. Using indicators, we compared both categories in order to answer the following questions: 1) How common are forests close to settlements? 2) How do forests close to settlements and far from settlements differ? 3) Is there a potential for conflict of use? 4) Which developments could be observed in relation to forest perception in the last 20 years? 29% of the forest in the lowlands is close to settlements. Five out of ten indicators on forest provision do not differ between both forest categories. Differences occur in relation to the degree of mixture and forest structure. Furthermore, close to settlement forests have more forest roads, recreational facilities and a primary “recreation” function. Regardless of their primary function, forests close to settlements are more intensively used for recreation. Following the NFI model on nature provision for recreation, the forest area with high nature provision has increased in the last 20 years, for all forests. The results indicate that both forest categories are quite similar and are managed in a similar way. Due to the intensive recreational use of lowland forests close to settlements, a certain conflict potential between recreationalists and forest owners is given, posing a challenge for forest managers.

scholarly journals Zur Auswirkung der Hangneigungskorrektur auf Schätzwerte im Schweizerischen Landesforstinventar (LFI) | Investigation of the effect of the slope correction method as applied in the Swiss National Forest Inventory of estimates

2001 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Köhl ◽  
Peter Brassel
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Slope Correction ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Elliptical Area

For forest inventories on slopes, it is necessary to correct the test areas, because the circular areas, when projected, become elliptical. Based on 93 samples from the Swiss National Forest Inventory (FNI), it was determined whether the simplified method, which increases the radius to match that of the elliptical area, leads to a distortion of the results. An average deviation of 2% was found between the FNI estimated values and the actual values for the basal area and the number of stems. For estimations of smaller units, greater distortions of the results are expected.

Presenting the GeForse approach to create synthetic LiDAR data from simulated forest stands to optimize forest inventories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian E. Fassnacht ◽  
Jannika Schäfer ◽  
Hannah Weiser ◽  
Lukas Winiwarter ◽  
Nina Krašovec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Real Point ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Tree Models

<p>LiDAR-based forest inventories focusing on estimating and mapping structure-related forest inventory variables across large areas have reached operationality. In the commonly applied area-based approach, a set of field-measured inventory plots is combined with spatially co-located airborne laserscanning data to train empirical models that can then be used to predict the target metric over the entire area covered by LiDAR data.</p><p>The area-based approach was found to produce reliable estimates for structure-related forest inventory metrics such as wood volume and biomass across many forest types. However, the current workflows still leave space for improvement that may result in cost-reduction with respect to data acquisition or improved accuracies. This is particularly relevant as the area-based approach is increasingly used in operational forestry settings. To further optimize existing workflows, experiments are required that need large amounts of forest inventory data (e.g., to examine the effect of sample size or the field inventory design on the model performances) or multiple LiDAR acquisitions (e.g., to identify optimal/cost-efficient acquisition settings). The acquisition of these types of data is cost-intensive and is hence often limited to small extents within scientific experiments.</p><p>Here, we present the ”GeForse - Generating Synthetic Forest Remote Sensing Data” approach to create synthetic LiDAR datasets suitable for such optimization studies. GeForse combines a database of single-tree models consisting of point clouds extracted from real LiDAR data with the outputs of a spatially explicit, single tree-based forest growth simulator (in this case SILVA). For each simulated tree, we insert a real point-cloud tree with properties (species, crown diameter, height) matching the properties of the simulated tree. This results in a synthetic 3D forest with a realistic 3D-structure where the inventory metrics of each tree are known. This 3D forest then serves as input to the “Heidelberg LiDAR Operations Simulator” (HELIOS++, https://github.com/3dgeo-heidelberg/helios) and thereby enables the simulation of LiDAR acquisition flights with varying acquisition settings and flight trajectories. In combination with the “full inventory” of all trees in the simulated forest, this enables a wide variety of sensitivity analyses.</p><p>In this contribution, we give an overview of the complete GeForse approach from extracting the tree models, to generating the 3D forest and simulating LiDAR flights over the 3D forest using HELIOS++. Further, we present a brief case-study where this approach was applied to optimize certain aspects of area-based forest inventory approaches using LiDAR data from a forest area in central Europe. Finally, we provide an outlook on future application fields of the GeForse approach.</p>

scholarly journals Epigaeic ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) communities in urban parks located in Atlantic Forest biome

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora R. de Souza-Campana ◽  
Otávio G. M. da Silva ◽  
Leonardo Menino ◽  
Maria Santina de C. Morini
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Wasmannia Auropunctata ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Forest Biome

Urban parks offer refuge for numerous animal species, and some of these parks represent the remaining fragments of native forests. We evaluate the diversity and composition of epigaeic ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in urban parks located within the Atlantic Forest biome (Centenial Park, Leon Feffer Park and Villa Lobos Park). For our collections, we placed pitfall traps along 100-m line transects in areas both accessible and inaccessible to the public. A total of 46 species distributed in seven subfamilies were collected. The number of species did not differ among park areas, but the ant communities themselves differed. Native species, such as Strumigenys denticulata and S. louisianae, were collected in the most preserved natural areas in the parks. Generalist species composed the richest guild and were primarily found in areas with public access. Wasmannia auropunctata, Brachymyrmex heeri, Solenopsis sp. 2, and Solenopsis sp. 3 were classified with high value as biological indicators. 

scholarly journals Exploring Perceived Well-Being from Urban Parks: Insights from a Megacity in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7586
Author(s):  
Andrea Parra-Saldívar ◽  
Sebastián Abades ◽  
Juan L. Celis-Diez ◽  
Stefan Gelcich
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Relationship

Urbanization has impacted biodiversity and ecosystems at a global scale. At the same time, it has been recognized as a driver of the physical and emotional gap between humans and nature. The lack of direct contact with nature can have a negative impact on several aspects of human well-being and change knowledge and attitudes of people towards the environment. However, this phenomenon is still poorly understood in megacities outside developed countries. Here, we explore the relationship between ecological knowledge and self-reported well-being in an important urban park in Santiago, Chile. We conducted semi-structured surveys of park users to explore their beliefs, preferences, ecological knowledge of plants and birds, and self-reported well-being. Citizens associated urban parks mainly with “nature,” and particularly with the presence of trees and plants. Trees were recognized as the most relevant elements of urban parks; in turn, birds were ranked as the less relevant. Regarding formal ecological knowledge, respondents correctly identified an average of 2.01 plants and 2.44 birds out of a total of 10 for each taxon, and exotic species were more likely to be recognized. Park users also reported high scores for self-reported well-being. Interestingly, variance of self-reported well-being scores tended to increase at low levels of ecological knowledge of trees, but no significant relationship was detected with knowledge of birds, nor native species. Ecological knowledge of trees was positively related to self-reported well-being. Results suggest that parks can positively contribute to bring people closer to nature in middle-income countries. Improving ecological knowledge can be critical to restore the relationship between humans and nature in megacities.

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