scholarly journals Intercalibration of different light-traps and bulbs used in moth monitoring in northern Europe

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reima Leinonen ◽  
Guy Söderman ◽  
Juhani Itämies ◽  
Seppo Rytkönen ◽  
Ilpo Rutanen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Mercury Vapour Lamp ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

Four different combinations of light-traps and bulbs were tested during the summer 1996 in Kainuu, northern Finland: a Jalas model with a 160-W (J/160W) blended light lamp or a 125-W (J/125W) mercury vapour lamp, a Ryrholm trap with a 125-W (R/125W) mercury vapour lamp and a Rothamsted trap with a 200-W tungsten lamp (G/200W). The traps were rotated between four sites every night, but were kept in the same position for the fifth night in order to prevent the possible influence of moonlight. The longest distance between the traps was 150m, and there was no direct visibility between any of them. Three orders were inspected, i.e. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera, the total numbers of individuals and species being as follows: 20857/425, 862/101 and 1868/58. G/200W collected significantly fewer moths than the other traps. In some cases, J/125W collected significantly more moths and less species than the J/160W design. The R/125W design collected significantly more species than the J/160W design. Similar differences in the effectiveness of the lamps and traps were found in the case of Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Alpha diversities showed the same trend.

scholarly journals Effects of ultra-violet radiation upon involuntary muscle, and the supposed physiological interference of visible rays

1926 ◽  
Vol 99 (696) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ultra Violet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Ultra Violet Radiation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Involuntary Muscle ◽  
Mercury Vapour Lamp ◽  
Violet Radiation ◽  
Exciting Effect

It was shown by Adler (1) that involuntary muscle is excited and its tone increased by radiation with ultra-violet rays. The excised frog’s stomach, the bladder and the uterus of the rabbit, and that of the guinea-pig, were suspended by him, each in a suitable salt solution, and excited by the mercury vapour lamp. With a glass screen interposed no result was obtained, the visible and longer ultra-violet rays, e. g ., those longer than about 3200 A. U., having no exciting effect. There may be recalled the old observation of Lambert (1760) that the excised iris of fish and frogs reacts to light by contraction; the visible rays in this case act through the pigment which absorbs them (Steinach, Hertel). Contraction of the pigment-free ventral band of the earth-worm can be produced by ultra-violet, but not by visible rays. On the other hand, visible rays excite the pigmented ventral band of Sipunculus nucleus (Hertel, 2). Probably the nerve plexus is excited by the conversion of visible rays into heat in the pigment cells which absorb these rays.

scholarly journals On selective absorption by luminous mercury vapour

1924 ◽  
Vol 105 (733) ◽  
pp. 520-531 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Central Lines ◽  
Mercury Vapour Lamp ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Green Radiation

In a previous paper published by the authors there were described, among others, experiments on the reversal of the main component of the 5461 A group of lines and its brightest satellite + 0·085 A in the spectrum of the low-pressure mercury vapour lamp. McLennan, Ainslie and Miss Cale have repeated these experiments and, in the main, confirm the results obtained by us. They, however, point out that what is taken as the main component when the green radiation is examined in instruments of resolving power of the order of 200,000 is a group of five lines of wave-lengths - 0·020 A, - 0·008 A, 0, + 0·008 A, and + 0·018 A; and they state that only the three central lines are absorbed by luminous mercury vapour, the unabsorbed satellites + 0·018 A abd - 0·020 A producing the appearance of reversal. They also describe experiments which, they consider, indicated the absence of absorption in the case of all the other components of this group, including +0·085 A. This last result is at variance with our observation of the reversal of this satellite, recorded in the paper cited above. To clear up this point we undertook a systematic investigation of the absorption of the satellites of the three lines 5461 A, 4358 A, and 4047 A (1 p 1 - 1 s , 1 p 2 - 1 s , and 1 p 3 - 1 s on Fowler's notation) the first triplet of the second subordinate series of triplets. We have observed marked absorption, under suitable conditions, in the case of all the satellites of the group 5461 A, excepting one, viz., -0·237 A, and have reversed five of them. We find that even -0·237 A shows feeble, but distinctly perceptible, absorption under exceptionally favourable conditions. In the present paper we describe the behaviour of the luminous vapour in regared to the members of this group (5461 A, 1 p 1 - 1 s ).

Identification of Bloodmeals from Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) Collected in the Parque Nacional do Viruá, State of Roraima, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Leite Rodrigues ◽  
Glaucilene da Silva Costa ◽  
Paloma Helena Fernandes Shimabukuro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Species Being

Abstract The transmission of pathogens that cause leishmaniases occurs by the bite of female sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in their vertebrate hosts, which makes the identification of their bloodmeal sources an important step for the control and epidemiology of these diseases. In Brazil, the state of Roraima has a great diversity of sand flies, vertebrate hosts, and protozoan Leishmania, but little is known about the host blood-feeding preferences of sand flies. Thus, we evaluated the bloodmeal sources of sand flies collected from their sylvatic habitats in Parque Nacional do Viruá, Roraima. Fieldwork was carried-out between 13th and 18th August 2019 using CDC light traps. Sand flies were slide-mounted and morphologically identified using the head and last segments of the abdomen. Engorged females had their DNA extracted, followed by amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome b (cytb) molecular marker for vertebrates. Sequences were analyzed and compared with those from GenBank using the BLASTn search tool, in addition to the reconstruction of a phylogenetic tree to demonstrate the clustering pattern of these sequences. A total of 1,209 sand flies were identified, comprising 20 species, in which the most abundant were Psychodopygus ayrozai (Barretto and Coutinho) (42.10%) and Psychodopygus chagasi (Costa Lima) (26.22%). Bloodmeal source identification was successfully performed for 34 sand flies, that confirm four vertebrate species, being the most abundant the armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 (Cingulata: Dasypodidae).

scholarly journals Neomillspaughia hondurensis (Polygonaceae), a new species from Central America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
JUAN JAVIER ORTIZ-DÍAZ ◽  
ITZIAR ARNELAS ◽  
JUAN TUN ◽  
JOSÉ SALVADOR FLORES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Species Being ◽  
A New Species

A new species Neomillspaughia hondurensis (Polygonaceae) from Honduras is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically and ecollogicaly different from the other two currently known Neomillspaughia species, being more related to N. emarginata than to N. paniculata. A comprehensive comparison and a key for the three species are provided. Se describe e ilustra la nueva especie Neomillspaughia hondurensis (Polygonaceae) de Honduras. Esta especie es morfológicamente y ecológicamente diferente de las dos únicas especies de Neomillspaughia, estando más relacionada con N. emarginata que con N. paniculata. Se proporciona información comparativa de la nueva especie con las especies relacionadas y una clave para la identificación de las mismas.

scholarly journals Nothern European Lessons for Eurasian Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
L. S. Voronkov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Eu

The paper is dedicated to the differences between the classical instruments for regulating interstate political and trade-economic relations from those used in the development of regional integration processes. Traditionally, the Eurasian Economic Union is compared with the European Union, considering the EU as a close example to follow in the development of integration processes. At the same time, there exist the other models of integration. The author proposes to pay attention to the other models of integration and based on the analysis of documents, reveals the experience of Northern Europe, which demonstrates effective cooperation without infringing on the sovereignty of the participants. The author examines the features of the integration experience of the Nordic countries in relation to the possibility of using its elements in the modern integration practice of the Eurasian Economic Union.

scholarly journals A MARXIST READING OF LITTLE FIRES EVERYWHERE (2017) BY CELESTE NG

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Mayang Sagita ◽  
Delvi Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Surrogate Mother ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Species Being

This thesis is an analysis of a novel written by Celeste Ng entitled Little Fires Everywhere (2017). This analysis looks at the commodification and alienation that is experienced by women who involved in surrogacy and adoption. This analysis employes Marxist literary theory to explain the phenomena in the novel. The analysis focuses on two issues of commodification and alienation that are proposed by Karl Marx as seen through two female protagonists which are Mia Warren and Bebe Chow. This analysis also depends a lot on the narrator to determine which parts of the novel are used as the data. The result of the study shows that Mia Warren experienced commodification of the human body and four kinds of alienation such as alienation from the product of labor, alienation from the act of production, alienation from the species being, and alienation from other people bacause she becomes a surrogate mother. The other protagonist, Bebe Chow, also experienced four kinds of alienation because her child is adopted.

scholarly journals GENOME SIZE IN THREE SPECIES OF Glandularia AND THEIR HYBRIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
M.R. Ferrari ◽  
E.J. Greizerstein ◽  
L. Poggio
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

In this work the relationship between genome size of Glandularia species and the meiotic configurations found in their hybrids are discussed. Glandularia incisa (Hook.) Tronc., growing in two localities of Corrientes and Córdoba provinces, Argentina, with different ecological conditions, showed inter-population variability of the 2C-value. The DNA content found in the Corrientes locality (2.41 pg) was higher than that obtained in the Córdoba locality (2.09 pg) which has more stressful environmental conditions than the former. These values are statistically different from those that were found in Glandularia pulchella (Sweet) Tronc. from Corrientes (1.43 pg) and in Glandularia perakii Cov. et Schn from Córdoba (1.47 pg). The DNA content of the diploid F1 hybrids, G. pulchella × G. incisa and G. perakii × G. incisa, differed statistically from the DNA content of the parental species, being intermediate between them. Differences in the frequency of pairing of homoeologous chromosomes were observed in the hybrids; these differences cannot be explained by differences in genome size since hybrids with similar DNA content differ significantly in their meiotic behavior. On the other hand, the differences in the DNA content between the parental species justify the presence of a high frequency of heteromorphic open and closed bivalents and univalents with different size in the hybrids. Key words: Intra-specific DNA content variability, homoeologous pairing, heteromorphic bivalents

Photorearrangement of 2-cyanobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene. Observation of 1,2- and 1,3-sigmatropic shifts

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (13) ◽  
pp. 1657-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikbal A. Akhtar ◽  
John J. McCullough ◽  
Susan Vaitekunas ◽  
Romolo Faggiani ◽  
Colin J. L. Lock
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Lithium Aluminum Hydride ◽  
Aluminum Hydride ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Lithium Aluminum ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal And Molecular Structures ◽  
Mercury Vapour Lamp

Irradiation of 2-cyanobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene (2-cyanonorbornene, 4) in hexane, with the full arc of a mercury vapour lamp, gives the rearrangement products 1-cyanobicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene 5 and 7-cyanotricyclo[4.1.0.03.7]heptane 6 in the ratio 20:1. These products were separated by preparative vpc. The structure of the major product 5 was determined by single crystal X-ray analysis. Reduction of 5 with lithium aluminum hydride gave the corresponding primary amine, which was converted to the p-bromobenzenesulfonamide 9, mp 150–151 °C, which gave single crystals from ethanol–water. The crystal and molecular structures are described. The minor product 6 was hydrogenated to give 7-cyanobicyclo[2.2. 1]heptane. Formation of 5 and 6 may involve concerted σ2s + π2s and σ2a + π2a processes respectively, which are photochemically allowed.

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