Mechanisms and substances involved in clastic activity of root resorptions – literature review

Aim: to research through literature review, the mechanisms involved in the establishment of root resorptions. Mediators such as interleukins, prostaglandins, nitric oxide and systemic calcium available were studied in this review. Methods: On line searches were accomplished by scrutinizing the database available from PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME. Web of Science, Science Direct, Periodic Portal from CAPES, as well as The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO were also used. The inclusion criteria were articles that described osteoclastic activity involving the hard dental tissues (cement, dentin and enamel). The search acquired 35 articles and excluded other 30. The articles acquired ranged from 1976 up to 2017. Results: the results showed that the combination of the immunologic mediators researched above will be the determinant factors on the establishment of root resorptions. Conclusions: Prostaglandins, Interleukins as well as the systemic calcium available are some of the most important factors for the establishment of root resorptions. Their final outcome, however, depends directly on the quality of injury inflicted over the group of teeth, or single tooth, involved.

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The role of antiparasitc drugs and steroids in Covid-19 treatment

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i8.17300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e39510817300

Author(s):

Luciano Barreto Filho ◽

Paulo Reis Melo Junior ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Hadassa Fonsêca da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Evidence ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Line Searches ◽

On Line ◽

Treatment Objective ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Antiparasitic Agents

Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a pandemic that spread throughout the world in less than 6 months, leaving hundred thousand deaths behind. Surprisingly, old drug arsenal has now been applied as an option of treatment. Objective: The aim of this article was to accomplish a literature review concerning the antiparasitic chloroquine, ivermectin, nitazoxanide; as well as glucocorticoids as possible therapeutic agents to be applied in patients with COVID-19 in Brazilian hospitals. Methodology: clinical evidence of COVID-infected patients and literature consultation have been used for the construction of this article. On line searches and gray literature have also been consulted, whose database include PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine, ivermectin and nitazoxanide present antiviral characteristics to support their usage in phase 1 of COVID-19 symptoms. Glucocorticoids such as methylprednisolone and dexamethasone seem to be more efficient in patients with pulmonary symptoms such as those in phase 2B and 3. Conclusion: According to the articles raised in this review, antiparasitic agents are promising for patients with COVID-19 in the very beginning of the symptoms. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone are best indicated for hospitalized patients with pulmonary commitment.

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Antimalarial chloroquine indicated for viral infections: myth ou hope?

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18220 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e486101018220

Author(s):

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Hadassa Fonsêca Silva ◽

Alice Pinho André Gomes Morais ◽

Jatiacynan Andrade Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Web Of Science ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Qt Prolongation ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Ecg Monitoring ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Antimalarial Agent ◽

Line Searches ◽

On Line ◽

The Cochrane Library

Aim: this article describes the use of chloroquine as an antimalarial agent with potential antivirotic indications for COVID-19 infections. Methods: On line searches and gray literature have been used in the construction of this articles, whose database include PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine has shown appropriate clinical reports when associated with the antibiotic Azithromycin. It has been authorized for the clinical treatment of grave acute forms of COVID infections by countries like Brazil and USA. Conclusions: Chloroquine seems to have potential antivirotic properties that may be useful in the treatment of the grave acute forms of COVID-19 associated with Azithromycin. Nevertheless, Its indication must include ECG monitoring due to the risk of cardiac QT prolongation able to cause sudden deaths.

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Drug Candidates for Covid-19 Treatment in Brazil

Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions ◽

10.31579/2641-0419/200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 04 (16) ◽

pp. 01-10

Author(s):

Luciano Silva

Keyword(s):

Phase 1 ◽

New Drugs ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Drug Candidates ◽

Line Searches ◽

On Line ◽

Treatment Objective ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Antiparasitic Agents

Background: COVID-19 has emerged worldwide in less than 6 months, leaving millions of deaths behind. While scientist search for new drugs, an old arsenal has been proposed as a form of treatment. Objective: This article was designed as a literature review, scrutinizing antiparasitic chloroquine, ivermectin, nitazoxanide; and also glucocorticoids, as candidates to be applied in patients with COVID-19 in some Brazilian hospitals. Methodology: clinical evidence of COVID-infected patients and literature consultation have been accomplished for the construction of this article. On line searches and gray literature have also been consulted, whose database include PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine, ivermectin and nitazoxanide do present antiviral characteristics to support their usage in phase 1 of COVID-19 symptoms. Glucocorticoids, especially methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, seem to be efficient in patients with pulmonary symptoms, such as those present in phase 2B and 3 of the disease. Conclusion: After analyzing the literature, antiparasitic agents constitute a promising approach for patients with COVID-19. However, their usage seems to be efficient in the very beginning of the symptoms. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone are best indicated for hospitalized patients with pulmonary commitment.

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Apice closure in Pulp Revascularization Therapy. Case report and literature review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e21110917814

Author(s):

Hadassa Fonsêca da Silva ◽

Alice Pinho André Gomes Morais ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Paulo Melo Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Literature Review ◽

Real Option ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Line Searches ◽

Open Apices ◽

Revascularization Therapy ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Pulp Revascularization

Background: Endodontic Regenerative Procedures, especially pulp revascularization therapy, have become a real option for the treatment for immature permanent teeth with open apices. This sort of approach has saved many teeth that otherwise would have been extracted. The technique is simple and effective, and can be accomplished by any odontologist. Objective: This article aimed to make a literature review to give support for a case report of an Endodontic Regenerative Procedure of a twelve-year-old male patient with immature open apice of tooth 21. Methodology: Articles were researched concerning pulp revascularization to reach root end formation. On line searches were accomplished, whose database include BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, PUBMED Central, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), The Cochrane Library, and PROSPERO). Results: the articles researched showed that Endodontic Regenerative Procedures are efficient in stimulating root end formation. The case report described matched the results offered by the articles, showing an immature open apice tooth that had its root end completely formed after pulp revascularization therapy. Conclusion: Pulp revascularization therapy is an efficient and practical treatment for immature teeth with open apices.

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Overcrowding Factors in an Emergency Department: A Literature Review

JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KESEHATAN BORNEO ◽

10.30602/jtkb.v1i2.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

Muhammad Nur Hidayah ◽

Yanny Trisyani W ◽

Aan Nuraeni

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Literature Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Patient Disposition ◽

Nursing Services ◽

Optimal Health ◽

The Many ◽

The Cochrane Library

The Emergency Department (ED) is an important department or unit and the core clinical unit of a hospital, which functions to receive, stabilize, and manage patients who need immediate emergency treatment, both in daily conditions and in disasters. Overcrowding in ED is a problem in many countries and is one cause of increased mortality and decreased quality of optimal health and nursing services in the world today, including in Indonesia. There has been little research on overcrowding factors in the ED. Many factors are thought to cause overcrowding. This literature review identifies factors that can influence overcrowding in the ED. The literature search was carried out on the electronic databases of Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo and the Cochrane Library with the keywords factors overcrowding, AND, ED crowding. The inclusion criteria consisted of overcrowding factors in the ED, Fulltext, and publishing from 2013 to 2019 in English. The assessment of the quality of the articles was carried out using instruments from CONSORT. The first search results found 5,026 articles, and after screening and evaluation, 3 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results of the literature review show that the many factors that influence the occurrence of overcrowding in the ED are categorized into three factors, namely input factors (increased number of patient visits), throughput factors (patient disposition and delay in diagnostic examination results), and output factors (access block, inability to transfer patients out of the emergency room to inpatient, lack of inpatient beds, entry rooms, and other resources).

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Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5171

Author(s):

Yusuke Handa ◽

Kenya Okada ◽

Hiroshi Takasaki

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grade System ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Forward Head Posture ◽

Quality Of Evidence ◽

Head Posture ◽

Head Extension ◽

The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

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Traditional Chinese Herb Combined with Surgery versus Surgery for Varicocele Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/689056 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rong-liang Dun ◽

Min Yao ◽

Long Yang ◽

Xue-jun Cui ◽

Jian-min Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chinese Herb ◽

Chinese Herbs ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Dichotomous Data ◽

Surgery Group ◽

Traditional Chinese Herb ◽

The Cochrane Library

Objective. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery for male varicocele infertility compared to surgery.Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) data of traditional Chinese herbs combined with surgery for male varicocele fertility versus surgery were collected by searching the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Chinese databases. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Handbook. Study outcomes were presented as risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous data.Results. Seventeen of 72 potentially relevant trials met the inclusion criteria. The methodological qualities of the RCTs were low. Compared with the surgery group, the traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery group had superiority in pregnancy rate at 3-month (RR=1.76, andP=0.008), 6-month (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005), and 2-year (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005) follow-ups. No RCT was found to describe the side effects.Conclusion. On considering the low methodological quality of RCTs, there was no enough evidence on traditional Chinese herb with surgery for male varicocele infertility, and more high-quality RCTs of large sample sizes are required.

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Are ED-based violence intervention programmes effective in reducing revictimisation and perpetration in victims of violence? A systematic review

Emergency Medicine Journal ◽

10.1136/emermed-2019-208970 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. emermed-2019-208970

Author(s):

James Matthew Brice ◽

Adrian A Boyle

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Community Violence ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Violence Intervention ◽

Violence Perpetration ◽

Victims Of Violence ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

The Cochrane Library

ObjectivesCommunity violence bears significant human and economic costs. Furthermore, victims requiring ED treatment are at a greater risk of violent reinjury, arrest due to perpetration and violent death. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ED-based violence intervention programmes (EVIPs), which aim to reduce future violence involvement in these individuals.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature review searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science, in addition to hand-searching. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included if they enrolled victims of community violence requiring ED treatment, evaluated interventions taking place in the ED and used violent revictimisation, arrests or intermediate outcome measures as endpoints. We included trials that had a Jadad score of 2 or above.Results297 records were identified, and 13 articles were included in our final qualitative analysis, representing 10 RCTs and 9 different EVIPs. The risk of selection bias was low; the risk of performance, detection and attrition bias was moderate. 9 out of 13 papers reported statistically significant improvements in one or more outcome measures related to violence, including violent reinjury and arrests due to violence perpetration.ConclusionThe results of this literature review show that EVIPs may be capable of reducing violent reinjury and arrests due to violence perpetration. Larger RCTs, taking place in different regions, in different age groups and using different techniques, are justified to determine which conditions may be required for success and whether EVIPs are generalisable.

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Does Conservative Kidney Management Offer a Quantity or Quality of Life Benefit Compared to Dialysis? A Systematic Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-196946/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Buur Louise Engelbrecht ◽

Madsen Jens Kristian ◽

Eidemak Inge ◽

Krarup Elizabeth ◽

Lauridsen Thomas Guldager ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Place Of Death ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Secondary Outcomes ◽

The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) collaborate with their clinicians when choosing their future treatment modality. Most elderly patients with CKD5 may only have two treatment options: dialysis or conservative kidney management (CKM). The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether CKM offers a quantity or quality of life benefit compared to dialysis for some patients with CKD5.MethodsThe databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched for studies comparing patients with CKD5 treated with CKM or dialysis. The primary outcomes were mortality and quality of life (QoL). Hospitalization, symptom burden, and place of death were secondary outcomes. For studies reporting hazard ratios, pooled values were calculated, and forest plots conducted.ResultsTwenty-four primary studies, all observational, were identified. All studies except one reported an increased mortality in patients treated with CKM (pooled hazard ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.69). For patients aged ≥ 80 years and for elderly individuals with comorbidities, results were ambiguous. In most studies, CKM seemed advantageous for QoL and secondary outcomes. Findings were limited by the heterogeneity of studies and biased outcomes favouring dialysis.ConclusionsIn general, patients with CKD5 live for a shorter time on CKM than on dialysis. In patients aged ≥ 80 years old, and in elderly individuals with comorbidities, the survival benefits of dialysis seem to be lost. Regarding QoL, symptom burden, hospitalization, and place of death, CKM may have advantages. Higher quality studies are needed to guide patients and clinicians in the decision-making process.

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Neonatal and Pediatric Pressure Injuries Secondary to Limb Splinting for Intravascular Access: Case Series and Literature Review

Journal of the Association for Vascular Access ◽

10.1016/j.java.2018.04.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 108-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kyrie A. Sweeney ◽

Kate Cogill ◽

Katrina Davis ◽

Jacqueline I. Jauncey-Cooke

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Case Series ◽

Decubitus Ulcer ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Decubitus Ulcers ◽

Paediatric Hospital ◽

Pressure Injury ◽

The Cochrane Library

Abstract Aim: This review aims to present a case series on pressure injury (PI) formation secondary to limb-splinting for preservation of peripheral intravascular catheter (PIVC) access in neonatal and pediatric patients. A literature review was undertaken to analyze the existing knowledge base on this phenomenon. Background: Medical devices and attachments are considered a risk factor for PI development in neonates, infants, and children. Three cases of PI formation caused by contact with limb boards used to preserve PIVC access were identified in an Australian tertiary pediatric facility during 2016. Methods: A literature search was conducted during December 2017 using the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Excerpta Medica database, MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Keywords used were pressure injury(ies), pressure ulcer, pressure ulcers, decubitus ulcer, and decubitus ulcers. Articles were excluded if published before 2006, patients were adolescents or adults, and if injuries were not caused by PIVC-associated limb-splinting. Patients included in the case series were identified through screening of admissions in one ward of a tertiary paediatric hospital. Results: Five low-quality studies were included in the literature review. Three children were included in the case series. Each child acquired a PI subsequent to limb-splinting and taping adjacent to a PIVC. Hydration, nutritional state, and oxygenation did not appear to contribute to PI development in these cases. Conclusions: There is a gap in the evidence base pertaining to PIVC splinting and its involvement with PI formation in neonates, infants, and children. The existing literature provides low-quality evidence this problem exists; thus, further research is recommended.

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