Drug Candidates for Covid-19 Treatment in Brazil

Background: COVID-19 has emerged worldwide in less than 6 months, leaving millions of deaths behind. While scientist search for new drugs, an old arsenal has been proposed as a form of treatment. Objective: This article was designed as a literature review, scrutinizing antiparasitic chloroquine, ivermectin, nitazoxanide; and also glucocorticoids, as candidates to be applied in patients with COVID-19 in some Brazilian hospitals. Methodology: clinical evidence of COVID-infected patients and literature consultation have been accomplished for the construction of this article. On line searches and gray literature have also been consulted, whose database include PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine, ivermectin and nitazoxanide do present antiviral characteristics to support their usage in phase 1 of COVID-19 symptoms. Glucocorticoids, especially methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, seem to be efficient in patients with pulmonary symptoms, such as those present in phase 2B and 3 of the disease. Conclusion: After analyzing the literature, antiparasitic agents constitute a promising approach for patients with COVID-19. However, their usage seems to be efficient in the very beginning of the symptoms. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone are best indicated for hospitalized patients with pulmonary commitment.

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The role of antiparasitc drugs and steroids in Covid-19 treatment

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i8.17300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e39510817300

Author(s):

Luciano Barreto Filho ◽

Paulo Reis Melo Junior ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Hadassa Fonsêca da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Evidence ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Line Searches ◽

On Line ◽

Treatment Objective ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Antiparasitic Agents

Background: COVID-19 has emerged as a pandemic that spread throughout the world in less than 6 months, leaving hundred thousand deaths behind. Surprisingly, old drug arsenal has now been applied as an option of treatment. Objective: The aim of this article was to accomplish a literature review concerning the antiparasitic chloroquine, ivermectin, nitazoxanide; as well as glucocorticoids as possible therapeutic agents to be applied in patients with COVID-19 in Brazilian hospitals. Methodology: clinical evidence of COVID-infected patients and literature consultation have been used for the construction of this article. On line searches and gray literature have also been consulted, whose database include PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine, ivermectin and nitazoxanide present antiviral characteristics to support their usage in phase 1 of COVID-19 symptoms. Glucocorticoids such as methylprednisolone and dexamethasone seem to be more efficient in patients with pulmonary symptoms such as those in phase 2B and 3. Conclusion: According to the articles raised in this review, antiparasitic agents are promising for patients with COVID-19 in the very beginning of the symptoms. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone are best indicated for hospitalized patients with pulmonary commitment.

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Mechanisms and substances involved in clastic activity of root resorptions – literature review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v11i1.21017 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e3011121017

Author(s):

Luciano Barreto Silva ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Rodolfo Scavuzzi Carneiro Cunha ◽

Felipe Leonardo de Melo Almeida Fonseca ◽

Paulo Melo Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Dental Tissues ◽

Line Searches ◽

Single Tooth ◽

On Line ◽

Hard Dental Tissues ◽

The Cochrane Library

Aim: to research through literature review, the mechanisms involved in the establishment of root resorptions. Mediators such as interleukins, prostaglandins, nitric oxide and systemic calcium available were studied in this review. Methods: On line searches were accomplished by scrutinizing the database available from PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME. Web of Science, Science Direct, Periodic Portal from CAPES, as well as The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO were also used. The inclusion criteria were articles that described osteoclastic activity involving the hard dental tissues (cement, dentin and enamel). The search acquired 35 articles and excluded other 30. The articles acquired ranged from 1976 up to 2017. Results: the results showed that the combination of the immunologic mediators researched above will be the determinant factors on the establishment of root resorptions. Conclusions: Prostaglandins, Interleukins as well as the systemic calcium available are some of the most important factors for the establishment of root resorptions. Their final outcome, however, depends directly on the quality of injury inflicted over the group of teeth, or single tooth, involved.

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Antimalarial chloroquine indicated for viral infections: myth ou hope?

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18220 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e486101018220

Author(s):

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Hadassa Fonsêca Silva ◽

Alice Pinho André Gomes Morais ◽

Jatiacynan Andrade Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Web Of Science ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Qt Prolongation ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Ecg Monitoring ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Antimalarial Agent ◽

Line Searches ◽

On Line ◽

The Cochrane Library

Aim: this article describes the use of chloroquine as an antimalarial agent with potential antivirotic indications for COVID-19 infections. Methods: On line searches and gray literature have been used in the construction of this articles, whose database include PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine has shown appropriate clinical reports when associated with the antibiotic Azithromycin. It has been authorized for the clinical treatment of grave acute forms of COVID infections by countries like Brazil and USA. Conclusions: Chloroquine seems to have potential antivirotic properties that may be useful in the treatment of the grave acute forms of COVID-19 associated with Azithromycin. Nevertheless, Its indication must include ECG monitoring due to the risk of cardiac QT prolongation able to cause sudden deaths.

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Therapeutic Ultrasound for Chronic Pain Management in Joints: A Systematic Review

Pain Medicine ◽

10.1093/pm/pnz102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 1437-1448 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rohit Aiyer ◽

Selaiman A Noori ◽

Ke-Vin Chang ◽

Boyoun Jung ◽

Abdullah Rasheed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Therapeutic Ultrasound ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Functional Improvement ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Pain Syndromes ◽

Low Intensity Ultrasound ◽

The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background Treatments for joint pain and dysfunction focus on restoration of joint motion, improvement in pain and a return to the previous level of the patient's daily activity. Therapeutic ultrasound is a noninvasive modality widely utilized in the management of musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound in the management of patients with knee, shoulder and hip pain. Methods Using PRISMA guidelines, a search of the PubMed, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), Web of Science and Scopus databases was performed to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated therapeutic ultrasound (continuous and pulsed) in patients with chronic knee, shoulder and hip pain. Results The search strategy identified 8 trials for knee, 7 trials for shoulder and 0 trials for hip that met the criteria for inclusion. All 8 trials showed improvement in knee pain, and of these studies 3 showed statistical significance improvement for therapeutic ultrasound versus the comparator. For shoulder pain, all 7 trials showed reduction in pain, but should be noted that 4 of studies demonstrated that therapeutic ultrasound is inferior to the comparator modality, Conclusion Therapeutic ultrasound is frequently used in the treatment of knee, shoulder and hip pain and is often combined with other physiotherapeutic modalities. The literature on knee arthritis is most robust, with some evidence supporting therapeutic ultrasound, though the delivery method of ultrasound (pulsed vs continuous) is controversial. As a monotherapy, ultrasound treatment may not have a significant impact on functional improvement but can be a reasonable adjunct to consider with other common modalities. In all three pain syndromes, especially for hip pain, further trials are needed to define the true effect of low-intensity ultrasound therapy knee, shoulder and hip pain. No conclusive recommendations may be made for optimal settings or session duration.

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Apice closure in Pulp Revascularization Therapy. Case report and literature review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e21110917814

Author(s):

Hadassa Fonsêca da Silva ◽

Alice Pinho André Gomes Morais ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Paulo Melo Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Literature Review ◽

Real Option ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Line Searches ◽

Open Apices ◽

Revascularization Therapy ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Pulp Revascularization

Background: Endodontic Regenerative Procedures, especially pulp revascularization therapy, have become a real option for the treatment for immature permanent teeth with open apices. This sort of approach has saved many teeth that otherwise would have been extracted. The technique is simple and effective, and can be accomplished by any odontologist. Objective: This article aimed to make a literature review to give support for a case report of an Endodontic Regenerative Procedure of a twelve-year-old male patient with immature open apice of tooth 21. Methodology: Articles were researched concerning pulp revascularization to reach root end formation. On line searches were accomplished, whose database include BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, PUBMED Central, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), The Cochrane Library, and PROSPERO). Results: the articles researched showed that Endodontic Regenerative Procedures are efficient in stimulating root end formation. The case report described matched the results offered by the articles, showing an immature open apice tooth that had its root end completely formed after pulp revascularization therapy. Conclusion: Pulp revascularization therapy is an efficient and practical treatment for immature teeth with open apices.

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Rationale of method of analysis of evidence-based data on the pharmacological activity of succinic acid and its combinations drugs

Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal ◽

10.32352/0367-3057.6.15.06 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

M. V. Leleka ◽

O. M. Zalis′ka

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Succinic Acid ◽

Pharmacological Activity ◽

Retrieval System ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

New Drugs ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Search Results ◽

The Cochrane Library

Succinic acid as endogenous metabolite has a wide range of applications in medical practice in Ukraine and abroad. We research a new medicines, based on succinic acid, ascorbic acid and rutin for the prevention and treatment of influenza. Analysis of the data evidence-based medicine necessary for the implementation of quality assessment study feasibility of adding succinic acid in the various dosage forms and determine their pharmacological activity. It was studied international databases and registers of clinical trials MEDLINE®, EMBASE®, Scopus, Cochrane Library for the period from 1966 to June 2015. In the search for key phrases search engine electronic library «The Cochrane Library» found 872 913 publications, including 71 in the section «Trials». Of these, only 23 were devoted to review the results of clinical trials of medications that contain in their composition succinic acid. In the analysis of papers revealed that all 12 Trials of the search engine PubMed are present in search results «The Cochrane Library». Therefore, for further analysis we selected directory search results Trials «The Cochrane Library» and 3 Review of retrieval system PubMed. We analyzed Trials in terms of pharmacological activity and dynamics of publications. For pharmacological properties and relevance RCTs grouped as follows: antihypoxic action confirm 7 RCT (2003–2013 years), improve of iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract – 6 RCT (1966–1974 years), hepatoprotective – 4 RCT (2013–2014 years). One RCT has effectiveness succinic acid for use in gastroenterology (in combination with omeprazole, 2012), depression (2013), the transplant (1993) during menopause (2008), renal failure (2013) for fever during surgery (2007). We can call such medicines containing succinic acid and have proven clinical efficacy: Remaksol, Tsytoflavin, Vecam (Omeprazole + succinic acid). We analyzed the Review of reviews of retrieval system PubMed. Analysis reviews MedLine (Review) opens new prospects for the use of succinic acid in the treatment of hypoxia and viral hepatitis. The results of clinical trials confirm the feasibility of developing new drugs with succinic acid. We conducted a review of evidence data about the inclusion of succinic acid in the various dosage forms. Succinic acid is the part of the drugs with different pharmacological effect. The results of clinical trials confirm the feasibility of developing of new drugs with succinic acid.

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Azithromycin: characteristics and clinical indications for bacterial and virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2 infections

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i12.19864 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e381101219864

Author(s):

Gabriel Henrique Queiroz Oliveira ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Hadassa Fonsêca Silva ◽

Douglas José Abreu da Silva Cristovam ◽

Rodolfo Scavuzzi Carneiro Cunha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Normal Functioning ◽

Vast Number ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Mitochondrial Ribosomes ◽

The Cochrane Library

Objective: to accomplish a literature review to research the clinical characteristics of azythromycin, and its indications and associations for SARS-CoV-2 infections. Methodology: Electronic searches were carried out on PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library with the aid of key-words. Results: Azithromycin is a secure antibiotic belonging to the macrolide class, effective for a vast number of infections, especially respiratory diseases. It seems to have viral indirect activity due to its being capable of altering the cell machinery, including mitochondrias, for changing the normal functioning of mitochondrial ribosomes. Conclusion: It is uncertain whether azithromycin is eligible for the treatment of virus infections in general and especially for COVID-19. Its combination with hydroxychloroquine, however, should be better researched in order to answer if it can be applied as a clinical approach for this matter.

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The Genetic Polymorphism of TNF-α Associated with the Anti-TNF-α Therapy Used for COVID-19 Patients – Another Possible Approach

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v11i1.21576 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e47411121576

Author(s):

Luciano Barreto Silva ◽

Guilherme Marinho Sampaio ◽

Rodolfo Scavuzzi Carneiro Cunha ◽

Caroline Isabele Félix Muniz ◽

Alexandrino Pereira Santos Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Clinical Response ◽

Oxygen Supply ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Research Groups ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

Tnf Α ◽

The Cochrane Library

Objective: This work aimed of to review the implications of anti-TNF-α therapy in COVID-19 patients associated with the genetic polymorphism (TNF-α polymorphisms in the region-308) of this pertinent cytokine Methodology: Electronic searches were carried out on PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library with the aid of key-words. Results: Twenty-six articles were collected. Anti-TNF-α therapy was interpreted and evaluated. Conclusions: Although scarce information is available in the current literature, anti- TNF-α therapy seems to be a viable clinical approach for hospitalized COVID-19 patients who do not need oxygen supply. The genetic polymorphisms, although relevant, may be useful for further researched to assess the clinical response in different research groups.

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Chloroquine Related to Malaria and its Promising Applications for Covid-19 Treatment

Journal of Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽

10.24207/jca.v33i3.3404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 125-128

Author(s):

Alberto Nicodemus Gomes Lopes ◽

Luciano Barreto Silva

Keyword(s):

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Qt Interval ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Ecg Monitoring ◽

Pubmed Central ◽

The Usa ◽

Online Searches ◽

The Cochrane Library

Objective: this article described the use of chloroquine as an antimalarial agent with potential antiviral indications for COVID-19 infections. Methods: this article consisted of online searches and gray literature whose database included PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science, Science Direct, Higher Level Personnel Improvement Coordinator (CAPES), Periodic Door (Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, The Cochrane Library, and PROSPERO). Results: chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have shown appropriate clinical reports when associated with the antibiotic Azithromycin. It has been authorized for the clinical treatment of severe acute forms of COVID infections by countries such as Brazil and the USA. Conclusions: Chloroquine seems to have potential antiviral properties that may be useful in the treatment of these severe acute forms of COVID-19 associated with Azithromycin. Nevertheless, its indication must include ECG monitoring due to the risk of prolongation of QT interval, leading to sudden cardiac death.

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Efficacy of compression stockings in preventing post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with deep venous thrombosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000508 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 141-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jakob Martin Burgstaller ◽

Johann Steurer ◽

Ulrike Held ◽

Beatrice Amann-Vesti

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Compression Stockings ◽

Post Thrombotic Syndrome ◽

Study Results ◽

Preventive Efficacy ◽

One Year ◽

The Cochrane Library

Abstract. Background: Here, we update an earlier systematic review on the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by including the results of recently published trials. The aims are to synthesize the results of the original studies, and to identify details to explain heterogeneous results. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Medline for original studies that compared the preventive efficacy of active compression stockings with placebo or no compression stockings in patients with diagnosed proximal DVT. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Results: Five eligible RCTs with a total of 1393 patients (sample sizes ranged from 47 to 803 patients) were included. In three RCTs, patients started to wear compression stockings, placebo stockings or no stockings within the first three weeks after the diagnosis of DVT. The results of two RCTs indicate a statistically significant reduction in post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) of 50% or more after two or more years. The result of one RCT shows no preventive effect of compression stockings at all. Due to the heterogeneity of the study results, we refrained from pooling the results of the RCTs. In a further RCT, randomization to groups with and without compression stockings took place six months after the diagnosis of DVT, and in another RCT, only patients with the absence of PTS one year after the diagnosis of DVT were analyzed. One RCT revealed a significant reduction in symptoms, whereas another RCT failed to show any benefit of using compression stockings. Conclusions: At this time, it does not seem to be justifiable to entirely abandon the recommendations regarding compression stockings to prevent PTS in patients with DVT. There is evidence favoring compression stockings, but there is also evidence showing no benefit of compression stockings.

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