Trends in high country pastoral farming 3. Developing and directing emerging options

1996 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
D. Scott
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Erosion Environment ◽  
Pastoral Farming ◽  
Product Specification ◽  
Environment Gradients

The integration of investigations into usable farming packages involves both development of particular technologies and conceptual frameworks. This is illustrated for the high country in the particular technologies of hay winter feeding, legume rhizobia seed coating, irrigation, mid-rainfall low input development with perennial lupin, in-situ winter feed systems, ultra-fine wool production, and rabbit and hieracium control. Attitudes or concepts are illustrated by the changing views on high country erosion, environment gradients and specie niche, feed banks, special purpose pastures, farm monitoring, product specification and computer expert systems. Keywords: concepts, high country, New Zealand, technologies

scholarly journals TOWARDS 2000: FARMING AND POTENTIAL: CENTRAL OTAGO

1987 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
J. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Incentive Scheme ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Merino Wool ◽  
Pastoral Farming

Central Otago is the driest, the coldest, as well as one of the hottest areas in New Zealand. Within Central Otago an enormous diversity of land use occurs. This ranges from intensive horticulture to extensive high country pastoral farming. Pastoral farming is perhaps best known for wool production, in particular merino wool. History tells us that sheep farming was profitable for many years and in 1871 Otago had 3.7 m sheep or about 4% of the national. Things were done on a grand scale in those early days. As an example, the woolshed on the Teviot run held 8,000 sheep and 40 shearing stands. History will also tell us that the Land Development Encouragement Loan Scheme (LDEL) and the Livestock Incentive Scheme (LIS) had an enormous impact on Central Otago. In Otago 195,000 ha of tussock country was oversown and topdressed and this accounted for 27% of the national total spent on LDEL. History will also tell us that 1985-86 was catastrophic financially for most pastoral farmers and the outlook for 1986-87 shows little improvement.

A fossilFuchsia(Onagraceae) flower and an anther mass with in situ pollen from the early Miocene of New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 2052-2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne E. Lee ◽  
John G. Conran ◽  
Jennifer M. Bannister ◽  
Uwe Kaulfuss ◽  
Dallas C. Mildenhall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Early Miocene

Treated sugarcane bagasse for maintenance of sheep in Brazil

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 172-172
Author(s):  
A.L. Abdalla ◽  
D.M.S.S. Vitti ◽  
N.L. del Mastro ◽  
M.S. Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Wool Production

Several treatments for increasing digestibility of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) have been studied in Brazil for many years (Abdalla et al., 1990). Despite some improvements in in situ digestibility obtained with steam and pressure treatments, the SCB has not performed well when given to cattle (Mello Junior, et al., 1989). More recently, irradiation and ammonia has been tested in studies to improve the digestibility of SCB, rice and corn straw, rice and soybean hulls and others rough feed. The purpose of the present experiment was aimed to determine the intake, body weight changes, wool production and microbial synthesis in sheep fed with grass hay (Cynodon dactilon) or SCB treated with 600kGy of radiation and ammonia (20g/kg dry matter (DM)).

scholarly journals Cancer care decision-making and treatment consent: An observational study of patients’ and clinicians’ rights

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Dew ◽  
L Signal ◽  
J Stairmand ◽  
A Simpson ◽  
D Sarfati
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Medical Oncologists ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Care Decision

© The Author(s) 2018. This study identified ways in which patients and medical specialists negotiated decisions about cancer treatment by observing decision-making discussion in situ. Audio-recordings of cancer care consultations with 18 patients, their support people, and their medical specialists, including medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and surgeons were collected in different regions of New Zealand. Patients were followed up with interviews and specialists provided consultation debriefings. The interpretation of the data drew on the concepts of epistemic and deontic rights to argue that in complex consultations, such as occur in cancer care, we need to reconsider the simple dichotomy of preferred consultations styles as paternalistic or based on shared decision-making. Decision-making is a dynamic process with specialists and patients linked into networks that impact on decision-making and where rights to knowledge and rights to decision-making are interactionally negotiated. The level of information and understanding that patients desire to exercise rights needs to be reconsidered.

Impact of polymorphisms at the PRNP locus on the performance of dairy goats reared under low-input pastoral farming systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Sotiria Vouraki ◽  
Athanasios I. Gelasakis ◽  
Loukia V. Ekateriniadou ◽  
Georgios Banos ◽  
Georgios Arsenos
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Pastoral Farming

scholarly journals Re-establishment of an endangered subspecies: the Norfolk Island Boobook Owl Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny D. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Island Group ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Original Female

SummaryThe Norfolk Island Boobook Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata is confined to the small, isolated Norfolk Island group, an Australian territory. On morphological and biogeographical grounds, it is here classified as a large, distinctive subspecies of the New Zealand Morepork N. novaeseelandiae. In 1986 only one specimen, a female, survived. A shortage of large trees with suitable nesting holes appeared to be the immediate problem. The Australian Nature Conservation Agency, islanders and New Zealand wildlife authorities have cooperated in an attempt to re-establish an owl population in situ. Nest-boxes were erected in trees in the area frequented by the female and were used readily as roosts. In September 1987, two male New Zealand Moreporks were introduced. The female paired with one male and produced four hybrid F offspring (in 1989 and 1990). Two of these paired in mid-1991 and have since produced five F offspring (two in 1993 and three in 1994). The original female remains paired but now appears to be reproductively senile. At present there seems to be a shortage of mature males, since two female offspring are paired and both lay eggs and attempt to incubate them in the same nest; and a lone female has established a territory. In early 1995 all eleven owls appeared to be alive in the wild. The effort is low-cost, requires relatively little manpower, is carried out with minimal disturbance to the owls, and goes hand in hand with other conservation programmes.

In Situ Investigation of False-Positive Liquefaction Sites in Christchurch, New Zealand: Palinurus Road Case History

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleigh M. Yost ◽  
Brady R. Cox ◽  
Liam Wotherspoon ◽  
Ross W. Boulanger ◽  
Sjoerd van Ballegooy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Case History ◽  
False Positive ◽  
In Situ Investigation

The Moral Life of Trees: Pastoral Farming and Production Forestry in Northern New Zealand

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Park ◽  
Kathryn Scott ◽  
Chris Cocklin ◽  
Peter Davis
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Pastoral Farming

scholarly journals A Review of Galaxias (Galaxiidae) Fossils from the Southern Hemisphere

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Uwe Kaulfuss ◽  
Daphne E. Lee ◽  
Jeffrey H. Robinson ◽  
Graham P. Wallis ◽  
Werner W. Schwarzhans
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Ontogenetic Diet Shifts ◽  
Subantarctic Islands ◽  
Diet Shifts

The Galaxiidae is a Southern Hemisphere family of freshwater fish, considered to be of Gondwanan origin based on the current distribution of species in New Zealand, Australia (including Tasmania), New Caledonia, Africa, South America, and on some associated and subantarctic islands. The fossil record of galaxiids is extremely sparse and geographically restricted. The only galaxiid fossils currently known come from several Miocene lakes in southern New Zealand. They include more than 100 articulated fishes, some remarkably preserving soft parts such as eyes and skin, skulls and jaw components, and more than 200 isolated otoliths. Common coprolites and in situ preserved gut content at one site (Foulden Maar) indicate the different diets of larvae and adult fish. These discoveries reveal a diverse Galaxias fauna, the presence of lake-locked populations, ontogenetic diet shifts, and representatives of several non-migratory Galaxias lineages associated with inland streams and lakes. There are at least six Galaxias species based on macrofossils and six separate otolith-based species from varied volcanic and regional lacustrine environments. This diversity points to southern New Zealand as a centre of biodiversity and speciation in Galaxiidae in the early to late Miocene.

In situ PCO2 in the renal cortex, liver, muscle, and brain of the New Zealand white rabbit

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. F491-F498
Author(s):  
R. J. Hogg ◽  
L. R. Pucacco ◽  
N. W. Carter ◽  
A. R. Laptook ◽  
J. P. Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Organ Specificity ◽  
Arterial Pco2 ◽  
Venous Pco2

Recent studies have shown that in situ PCO2 in rat renal cortical structures far exceeds systemic arterial PCO2. These results were opposite to previous assumptions that renal proximal tubule fluid PCO2 approximated arterial PCO2. The present studies examined the species and organ specificity of the elevated PCO2 in 39 New Zealand White rabbits studied under normal acid-base conditions. In situ PCO2 was measured in renal cortex, superficial hepatic parenchyma, skeletal muscle, superficial cerebral cortex, and femoral nerve, artery, and vein. The results showed rabbit renal cortical PCO2 (57.2 +/- 1.2 mmHg) to be higher than both systemic arterial (39.1 +/- 2.0 mmHg) and venous PCO2 (45.4 +/- 2.1 mmHg). Similarly, liver PCO2 (64.1 +/- 3.5 mmHg) was found to be significantly higher than systemic arterial and venous PCO2 and also higher than portal and hepatic vein PCO2. Skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex, and femoral nerve PCO2 levels were usually greater than systemic arterial PCO2 but less than systemic venous PCO2. These observations show that in situ PCO2 is significantly elevated above afferent and efferent blood PCO2 in the kidney and liver but not in muscle or brain. A possible explanation for these findings in the former two organs may be high CO2 production and/or trapping of CO2 by their vascular systems.

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