PROBLEMATIC ALCOHOL USE IN TEAM AND INDIVIDUAL EXERCISE SETTINGS

Background. The scholastic literature suggests that alcohol use may be a problem in team sports, but data on the general or average exercisers are lacking. This inquiry examined the prevalence of use and the level of problematic use of alcohol in a highly heterogeneous group of team and individual exercisers. Methods. Two-hundred exercising male (n = 79) and female (n = 121) participants (M age = 26.79 ± SD = 7.88 years) answered demographic questions and completed the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Results. The rate of alcohol drinkers did not differ between the groups, but males exercising in team settings reported higher levels of alcohol drinking problems than individual exercisers in general. The findings were similar for older (aged 25 years and over) adults too, as shown by a separate analysis of the latter group. The frequency and volume of exercise were unrelated to problematic alcohol use. Cases of high level of alcohol use problems were twice as many in team than in individual exercisers. Conclusions. The prevalence of alcohol use in team and individual exercisers is similar, but problematic alcohol use is greater in the former group. Increased alcohol use problems in team exercisers seem to be limited to men and it occurs in older adults too. Men drink more than women, but the behaviour may have a general social, rather than a sport-specific, context.

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A Developmental Perspective on the Genetic Basis of Alcohol Use Disorder

10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Elisa M. Trucco ◽

Gabriel L. Schlomer ◽

Brian M. Hicks

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Developmental Perspective ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Intermediate Phenotypes ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

Age Related ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use

Approximately 48–66% of the variation in alcohol use disorders is heritable. This chapter provides an overview of the genetic influences that contribute to alcohol use disorder within a developmental perspective. Namely, risk for problematic alcohol use is framed as a function of age-related changes in the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors and an end state of developmental processes. This chapter discusses the role of development in the association between genes and the environment on risk for alcohol use disorder. Designs used to identify genetic factors relevant to problematic alcohol use are discussed. Studies examining developmental pathways to alcohol use disorder with a focus on endophenotypes and intermediate phenotypes are reviewed. Finally, areas for further investigation are offered.

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The associations between low-level gaming, high-level gaming and problematic alcohol use

Addictive Behaviors Reports ◽

10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100186 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 100186 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eilin K. Erevik ◽

Torbjørn Torsheim ◽

Cecilie S. Andreassen ◽

Elfrid Krossbakken ◽

Øystein Vedaa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Low Level ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

High Level ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use

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Empirical Relationships between Problematic Alcohol Use and a Problematic Use of Video Games, Social Media and the Internet and Their Associations to Mental Health in Adolescence

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6098

Author(s):

Lutz Wartberg ◽

Rudolf Kammerl

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Media ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Behavior Patterns ◽

Behavioral Patterns ◽

Problematic Behavior ◽

Problematic Use ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

Problematic Gaming ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use

Adolescents frequently show risky behavior, and these problematic behavior patterns often do not occur in isolation, but together. Problematic alcohol use is widespread among youth, as is problematic use of the Internet and of specific online applications (video games or social media). However, there is still a lack of findings for minors regarding the relations between these behavioral patterns (particularly between problematic alcohol use and problematic gaming or problematic social media use). Standardized instruments were used to survey problematic alcohol use, problematic gaming, problematic social media use, problematic Internet use and mental health among 633 adolescents (mean age: 15.79 years). Bivariate correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted. The correlation analyses showed statistically significant positive bivariate relationships between all four behavioral patterns each. Antisocial behavior was related to all problematic behavioral patterns. Whereas, emotional distress, self-esteem problems and hyperactivity/inattention were associated with substance-unrelated problematic behavior patterns only. Anger control problems were related to problematic alcohol use and problematic gaming. In adolescence, the findings revealed small effect sizes between substance-related and substance-unrelated problematic behavior patterns, but moderate to large effect sizes within substance-unrelated behavioral patterns. Similarities and differences were found in the relations between the behavioral patterns and mental health.

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Multiple trajectories of alcohol use and the development of alcohol use disorder: Do Swiss men mature-out of problematic alcohol use during emerging adulthood?

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0220232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. e0220232 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mélissa Lemoine ◽

Gerhard Gmel ◽

Simon Foster ◽

Simon Marmet ◽

Joseph Studer

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Emerging Adulthood ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use

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Reactivity to uncertain threat as a familial vulnerability factor for alcohol use disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291716002415 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (16) ◽

pp. 3349-3358 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. M. Gorka ◽

D. Hee ◽

L. Lieberman ◽

V. A. Mittal ◽

K. L. Phan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Affective State ◽

Vulnerability Factor ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

Familial Vulnerability ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use ◽

Startle Potentiation

BackgroundWhen sober, problematic drinkers display exaggerated reactivity to threats that are uncertain (U-threat). Since this aversive affective state can be alleviated via acute alcohol intoxication, it has been posited that individuals who exhibit heightened reactivity to U-threat at baseline are motivated to use alcohol as a means of avoidance-based coping, setting the stage for excessive drinking. To date, however, no study has attempted to characterize the dispositional nature of exaggerated reactivity to U-threat and test whether it is a vulnerability factor or exclusively a disease marker of problematic alcohol use.MethodThe current investigation utilized a family study design to address these gaps by examining whether (1) reactivity to U-threat is associated with risk for problematic alcohol use, defined by family history of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and (2) reactivity to U-threat is correlated amongst adult biological siblings. A total of 157 families, and 458 individuals, participated in the study and two biological siblings completed a threat-of-shock task designed to probe reactivity to U-threat and predictable threat (P-threat). Startle potentiation was collected as an index of aversive responding.ResultsWithin biological siblings, startle potentiation to U-threat [intraclass correlation (ICC) = 0.35] and P-threat (ICC = 0.63) was significantly correlated. In addition, independent of an individuals’ own AUD status, startle potentiation to U-threat, but not P-threat, was positively associated with risk for AUD (i.e. AUD family history).ConclusionThis suggests that heightened reactivity to U-threat may be a familial vulnerability factor for problematic drinking and a novel prevention target for AUD.

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Genome- and Transcriptome-wide Splicing Associations with Problematic Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorder

10.1101/2021.03.31.437932 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Spencer B. Huggett ◽

Ami S. Ikeda ◽

Qingyue Yuan ◽

Chelsie E. Benca-Bachman ◽

Rohan H.C. Palmer

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Association Studies ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Mrna Splicing ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

Alternative Mrna Splicing ◽

Polygenic Scores ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use

ABSTRACTGenetic mechanisms of alternative mRNA splicing have been shown in the brain for a variety of neuropsychiatric traits, but not substance use disorders. Our study used RNA-sequencing data on alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the brain’s reward circuitry (n=56; ages 40-73; 100% ‘Caucasian’; four brain regions) and genome-wide association data on problematic alcohol use (n=435,563, ages 22-90; 100% European-American) to investigate potential genetic links with alcohol-related alternative mRNA splicing. Polygenic scores of problematic alcohol use predicted alternative mRNA brain splicing associated with AUD, which depended on brain region. Across brain regions, we found 714 differentially spliced genes in various putative addiction genes and other novel gene targets. We found 6,463 splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs) that were associated with the AUD differentially spliced genes. sQTLs were enriched in loose chromatin genomic regions and downstream gene targets. Additionally, the heritability of problematic alcohol use was significantly enriched for DNA variants in and around differentially spliced genes associated with AUD. Our study also performed splicing transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) of problematic alcohol use and other drug use traits that unveiled individual genes for follow-up and robust splicing correlations across SUDs. Finally, we show that differentially spliced genes associated showed significant overlap in primate models of chronic alcohol consumption at the gene-level in similar brain regions. Altogether, our study illuminates substantial genetic contributions of alternative mRNA splicing in relation to problematic alcohol use and AUD.

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Persönliche vs. computerbasierte Alkoholintervention für Krankenhauspatienten: Studiendesign

SUCHT - Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis / Journal of Addiction Research and Practice ◽

10.1024/0939-5911.a000394 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 347-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jennis Freyer-Adam ◽

Sophie Baumann ◽

Inga Schnuerer ◽

Katja Haberecht ◽

Ulrich John ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Identification Test ◽

Disorder Identification

Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Persönliche Beratungen können bei stationären Krankenhauspatienten Alkoholkonsum und Mortalität reduzieren. Sie sind jedoch mit hohen Kosten verbunden, wenn aus Public-Health-Erfordernis viele Menschen einer Bevölkerung erreicht werden müssen. Computerbasierte Interventionen stellen eine Alternative dar. Jedoch ist ihre Wirksamkeit im Vergleich zu persönlichen Beratungen und im Allgemeinkrankenhaus noch unklar. Eine quasi-randomisierte Kontrollgruppenstudie „Die Bedeutung der Vermittlungsform für Alkoholinterventionen bei Allgemeinkrankenhauspatienten: Persönlich vs. Computerisiert“ soll dies untersuchen. Design und Methoden werden beschrieben. Methode: Über 18 Monate sind alle 18- bis 64-jährigen Patienten auf Stationen der Universitätsmedizin Greifswald mittels Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) zu screenen. Frauen/Männer mit AUDIT-Consumption ≥ 4/5 und AUDIT < 20 werden einer von drei Gruppen zugeordnet: persönliche Intervention (Beratungen zur Konsumreduktion), computerbasierte Intervention (individualisierte Rückmeldebriefe und Broschüren) und Kontrollgruppe. Beide Interventionen erfolgen im Krankenhaus sowie telefonisch bzw. postalisch nach 1 und 3 Monaten. In computergestützten Telefoninterviews nach 6, 12, 18 und 24 Monaten wird Alkoholkonsum erfragt. Schlussfolgerung: Das Studienvorhaben, sofern erfolgreich umgesetzt, ist geeignet die längerfristige Wirksamkeit einer persönlichen und computerbasierten Intervention im Vergleich zu untersuchen.

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