Growth of Tetraselmis viridis (Rouchijajnen) R.E.Norris, Hori & Chihara 1980 in the greenhouse pool under natural light and aeration

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana D. Zhondareva ◽  
Rudolf P. Trenkenshu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Carbon Supply ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

The article presents the results of experimental evidence of the possibility of inexpensive mass cultivation of the Black Sea microalgae Tetraselmis viridis Rouch. The experiments were carried out in batch culture in pools under natural light and carbon supply by mixing and air aeration of the culture without additional supply of carbon dioxide. For 8 cm of the illuminated layer of the culture, the density of about 50 g (dry weight)/m2 or 88 billion cells/m2, with the productivity of 14.4 g (dry mass) m-2day-1 or 19 billion cells m-2day-1 has been reached.

scholarly journals Selective sensitivity of the Black Sea microalgae to viral infection after exposure to a constant magnetic field

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
O.A. Stepanova ◽  
◽  
P.V. Gaisky ◽  
S.A. Sholar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Viral Lysis ◽  
Laboratory Installation ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Selective Sensitivity ◽  
Tetraselmis Viridis

The change in sensitivity to viral infection of cultures of three species of Black Sea microalgae (Tetraselmis viridis, Dunaliella viridis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum) after exposure to a constant unidirectional magnetic field with a magnetic induction of 600 G is experimentally studied. The studies were carried out with using a developed laboratory installation. With the duration of the experiments 24 h and 48 h, it was recorded that being in a magnetic field resulted in an increase in the resistance to viral lysis in microalgae T. viridis, its decrease in P. tricornutum and no changes in D. viridis. We assume that the revealed changes in the sensitivity of microalgae to viral infection after exposure to a magnetic field are due to their species characteristics and selectivity.

scholarly journals Los erizos Arbacia incisa y Eucidaris thouarsii (Echinodermata) como agentes de biocontrol del “fouling” en canastas de cultivo de Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca: Ostreidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Sonnenholzner ◽  
Gema Alcivar ◽  
Adrián Marquez ◽  
César Lodeiros
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Suspended Culture

The sea urchins Arbacia incisa and Eucidaris thouarsii (Echinodermata) as fouling biocontrol agents in culture cages of Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca: Ostreidae).Fouling clogs cultivation cages of bivalves afecting their growth. We tested biocontrol with sea urchins in the suspended culture of C. gigas during one month. The experimental design included: 1) oysters without sea urchins, 2) oysters with the black sea urchin Arbacia incisa (50.5 ± 0.43 mm of diameter testa-DT), 3) oysters with the pencil sea urchin E. thouarsii (34. 2 ± 2.13 mm DT) and 4) oysters without sea urchins with a pearl net protective bag (to avoid predation). The dry mass of the pearl nets and the oyster soft tissues were determined at the beginning and end of the experiment. There was similar fouling in cages without urchins (55.3 ± 5.80 g) and with A. incisa (46.1 ± 2.84 g). These amounts were significantly higher than those found in cages with E. thouarsii (39.1 ± 1.9 g) and with protective sacs without urchins (35.6 ± 5.17 g). The growth of C. gigas with E. thouarsii was significantly higher (0.49 ± 0.089 g). We recommend E. thouarsii as a fouling biocontrol agent for C. gigas. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65(Suppl. 1): S35-S41. Epub 2017 November 01. 

scholarly journals Content of toxic substances in the deep-sea and coastal areas of the Black Sea off the Crimean Peninsula in spring — autumn, 2019

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Т.О. Barabashin ◽  
◽  
I.V. Korablina ◽  
L.F. Pavlenko ◽  
G.V. Skripnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Based on the results of 4 surveys conducted in the Black Sea off the Crimean Peninsula in spring, summer and autumn, 2019, an assessment was made of the water and bottom sediments polluted with petroleum components, PAH, organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, heavy metals, arsenic and caesium 137. In the water column of the deep-seafregion and the western coast of the Crimean Peninsula, hydrocarbon concentrations ranged from <0.015 to 0.39 mg/l. Resins and asphaltenes were found in the surface waters of the eastern Crimea only in summer and autumn, and made up 7.3–40 % of the total oil components. The concentrations of petroleum products in the studied sediments varied from <0.02 to 0.96 g/kg of dry weight. The portion of resins and asphaltenes was in the range of 15–30 %. Total concentrations of individual PAHs in the studied waters varied from 7.04 to 96.01 ng/l, in bottom sediments they ranged from 33 to 366 mcg/kg of dry weight. Benzo(a)pyrene, an indicator for PAHs contamination, made up 0.3–3.4 % in water and 0.5–1.1 % in bottom sediments on the amount of total PAHs. No excess of MPC for naphthalene and benzo(a) pyrene was found in the water. MPC for organochlorine pesticides and PCBs set for the fishery waters (MPCf) were also not exceeded. A single case of 2.2 times exceeded MPCf for iron was recorded in the deep-sea region off the cape Ayu-Dag. In all the seasons, in deep-sea of the Black Sea, an excess of MPCf for manganese was detected, which is not associated with anthropogenic pollution, but with the accumulation of manganese in the hydrosulfuric water layer. Higher concentrations of copper, lead, cadmium, zinc, nickel and arsenic were observed in bottom sediments of the deep-sea stretch between Sevastopol Bay and Cape Meganom. As to the bottom sediments of the shelf, the highest concentrations of chromium, mercury, iron and manganese were found in Feodosiysky Bay, Lake Donuzlav and off Cape Sarych.

scholarly journals The Mass-Dimension Relationships in the Mussels Mytilus Galloprovincialis (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from Different Phenotypical Groups in Periphyton Populations near Odessa Coast, the North-Western Part of Black Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
I. A. Govorin
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Dark Violet ◽  
Mass Dimension ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
The One ◽  
North Western

Abstract The data of the size-mass indices in the mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) from three phenotypic groups - brown, dark violet (black) and “zebra” (brown with radial black stripes) shells in the periphyton settlements on the concrete traverses near Odessa coast, the North-western part of Black Sea (Ukraine), in March-November 2014-2015 are presented. A comparative evaluation has been made on the relationships of total mass of the mollusks, wet and dry mass of their soft body and mass of the shells on the one hand, and the size of animals (length of its shells) on the other hand, in the each of phenotypical groups from the five marine beach areas. It is shown, that in the marine areas with different degrees of isolation from the open sea by coast-protection engineering constructions, the mussels from different phenotypes have almost the same size-mass characteristics. Only the dry weight of soft animal body, which indicated to fatness of mollusk and therefore demonstrated his biological prosperity in specific hydrological conditions, can serve as a reliable criterion which can mark the shellfish habitats with different gradients of environmental factors.

CARBONATE SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION IN THE SEVASTOPOL BAY (THE BLACK SEA)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Orekhova ◽  
Natalia Orekhova ◽  
Eugene Medvedev ◽  
Eugene Medvedev ◽  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zones ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

A 20% increase of the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere during the last century and a dramatic increase in nutrient load to marine systems due to human activity have resulted in pronounced carbon cycle transformation in coastal areas. Acidification and carbon dioxide increasing in the water column and appearance of oxygen minimum zones are reported for the worldwide coast. This makes ecological assessment of aquatic systems, including key cycles of elements, an important social and scientific task. In this study, we present information on the inorganic part of the carbon cycle and its transformation in the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea). This semi-enclosed coastal area has been under heavy anthropogenic pressure over the last century. Municipal and industrial sewage discharge, maritime activities, including excavation of bottom sediments, provide additional sources of nutrients and organic carbon. We present data on dynamics of the inorganic part of the carbon cycle from 1998 – 2015. Values of pH and total alkalinity were obtained analytically, whereas CO2, HCO3-, CO32- concentrations and pCO2 values were calculated. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and its partitioning into CO2, HCO3-, CO32- demonstrate the state of the carbon cycle and its evolution. Our observations reveal up to 2% increase of DIC from 1998 – 2015, but the value of pCO2 has increased by up to 20% in line with declining pH (acidification). Seasonal variations are far more pronounced and reveal extremes for areas of oxygen minimum zones. This results in negative consequences for the ecosystem, but these consequences for the Sevastopol Bay’s ecosystem remain reversible and the carbonate system can be restored to its natural state.

CARBONATE SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION IN THE SEVASTOPOL BAY (THE BLACK SEA)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Orekhova ◽  
Natalia Orekhova ◽  
Eugene Medvedev ◽  
Eugene Medvedev ◽  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zones ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

A 20% increase of the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere during the last century and a dramatic increase in nutrient load to marine systems due to human activity have resulted in pronounced carbon cycle transformation in coastal areas. Acidification and carbon dioxide increasing in the water column and appearance of oxygen minimum zones are reported for the worldwide coast. This makes ecological assessment of aquatic systems, including key cycles of elements, an important social and scientific task. In this study, we present information on the inorganic part of the carbon cycle and its transformation in the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea). This semi-enclosed coastal area has been under heavy anthropogenic pressure over the last century. Municipal and industrial sewage discharge, maritime activities, including excavation of bottom sediments, provide additional sources of nutrients and organic carbon. We present data on dynamics of the inorganic part of the carbon cycle from 1998 – 2015. Values of pH and total alkalinity were obtained analytically, whereas CO2, HCO3-, CO32- concentrations and pCO2 values were calculated. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and its partitioning into CO2, HCO3-, CO32- demonstrate the state of the carbon cycle and its evolution. Our observations reveal up to 2% increase of DIC from 1998 – 2015, but the value of pCO2 has increased by up to 20% in line with declining pH (acidification). Seasonal variations are far more pronounced and reveal extremes for areas of oxygen minimum zones. This results in negative consequences for the ecosystem, but these consequences for the Sevastopol Bay’s ecosystem remain reversible and the carbonate system can be restored to its natural state.

Metal concentrations in tissues of the Black Sea fish Mugil auratus from Sinop-Icliman, Turkey

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Filazi ◽  
Ruhtan Baskaya ◽  
Cavit Kum ◽  
Sahver Ege Hismiogullari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Muscle Tissues

Levels of five heavy metals [copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni)] were evaluated in liver and muscle tissues of fish (Mugil auratus) collected from the Black Sea at Sinop-Icliman, Turkey. Sampling and analysis methods are described. Variations of heavy metal concentrations with seasons are discussed. Cr and Ni concentrations were below the limits of detection (<0.05 and 0.1 ug/g dry weight) in all tissues and seasons. Cu, Pb and Cd were detected within these limits, as mg/kg dry weight, in liver tissue: 0.49-1.30, 0.60-1.21 and 0.15-0.50, and in muscle tissue: 0.30-1.00, 0.57-1.12 and 0.10-0.40, respectively. Cu, Pb and Cd concentrations in these tissues were elevated and the highest heavy metal concentrations were found in the liver. While Cu, Pb and Cd concentrations were highest in fish tissues collected in August 2000, the lowest concentrations of these metals were observed in fish tissues collected in May 2000. Pb had the highest level observed in fish tissues. According to the Turkish Food Codex Regulation's residue limits, the cadmium level determined in fish tissues was high (0.1 mg/g) and the lead level, especially in liver tissue, was high in August (1 mg/ g), while other metals (Cu, Cr and Ni) were within the maximum residue limits.

scholarly journals Prospects for gas hydrate technologies in natural gas shipping market.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Andrey Vitalievich Makagon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Gas Hydrate Deposits

The article considers the modern problems and prospects of the development of technologies of transporting the natural gas by sea due to the fact that gas hydrate deposits are found on the bottom of Lake Baikal, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea and the Okhotsk Sea. It has been stated that despite the proved gas hydrate deposits the fields have not been explored yet. Introducing the technology for transporting gas by sea in gas hydrate form is being substantiated. Comparative analysis of LNG, CNG and NGH technologies for sea transportation of natural gas proved that the transport component of the NGH technological chain has significant advantages over LNG and CNG technologies. The process of converting thermal energy of the ocean has been proposed to use for increasing the energy efficiency of methane production from subsea gas hydrate deposits in the gas hydrate cycle, which can save 10-15% of the produced methane for electricity generation. A schematic and technological solution of a gas production complex is presented, according to which carbon dioxide is introduced into the gas hydrate layer to extract methane from gas hydrates. To improve the kinetics of replacing methane with carbon dioxide in gas hydrates it is proposed to recycle a portion of CO2. Due to the specific and diversified geographic, economic, political and other conditions the conventional technologies for pipeline transportation of gas and LNG cannot fully meet the requirements of gas export and production projects. It has been inferred that NGH technology is most suitable for solving the problem of diversifying natural gas supplies from the Arctic regions, the Black Sea and in the development of offshore gas and oil fields.

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