Violence in Islamic Thought from the Qur'an to the Mongols

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Human History ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Islamic Thought

The topic of Legitimate and Illegitimate Violence in Islamic Thought (LIVIT) calls for an interdisciplinary, comparative and historical approach. This has been the underlying methodological assumption within the project which bore this name. Amongst the products of that three-year project is a series of collected studies by established and emerging scholars in the field, examining how Muslim thinkers have conceptualised violence and categorised (morally and legally) acts of violence. In this opening chapter, István Kristó-Nagy first explores how violence in Islamic thought can be set against a wider consideration of violence in human history. It is this comparative perspective which contextualises not only this volume, but also the two subsequent volumes in the LIVIT series. In the second half of this chapter, Robert Gleave explains how this volume is structured, addressing the different approaches used by the contributors, and examines the different ways in which violence can be categorised.

scholarly journals CONTINUITY AND CHANGE OF THE ISLAMIC INTELLECTUAL DISCOURSE IN INDONESIA MALAY WORLD

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
Nor Huda
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Intellectual Discourse ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Religious Vision ◽  
Strong Difference ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The 19Th Century

In its history, there has been a strong difference between the doctrine of Sufism and the philosophical Sufism, including Indonesia. In the period of the end of the 16th century until the end of the 19th century even the emergence of the beginning of Islamic intellectualism in Indonesia was brilliantly marked by monumental works. Then, in the era of the 1970s, the discourse of renewing Islamic thought was increasingly being studied. The young generation of educated Muslims in this decade has shown a tendency towards thinking that is no longer normative in view of religion. Very different in the era of mystical and sufistic Islam. So, they tend to be more interested in Islamic understanding based on empirical and historical approaches in the formation of their religious vision. In this paper, a philosophical historical approach will be discussed on the issue of continuity and change in Islamic intellectual discourse in the Malay world of Indonesia and at the same time analyzing broader mystical and philosophical mysticism in Indonesia, friction in it, and efforts to reconcile it.

Jihad and Martyrdom in Islamic Thought and History

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Afsaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Formative Period ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Critical Term ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The Military ◽  
Late Works

In both popular and scholarly literature, jihad is primarily assumed to be a monovalent concept referring to “military/armed combat,” and martyrdom (shahada) is inevitably understood to be of the military kind. This assumption facilitates the discussion of jihad and martyrdom as terms with fixed, universal meanings divorced from the varying sociopolitical contexts in which they have been deployed through time. Such a monovalent understanding of these two concepts emerges primarily through consultation of the juridical literature and official histories that were produced after the 2nd century ce (8th century ah) and that are unduly privileged in academic discussions of this subject. In contradistinction to this approach, a more holistic and historical approach to the term jihad can be undertaken by focusing on the changing significations of jihad from the earliest formative period of Islam to the contemporary period, against the backdrop of specific social and political circumstances which have mediated the meanings of this critical term. This larger objective entails canvassing a more varied genre of texts to recreate a more multifaceted understanding of jihad and martyrdom as dynamic discursive terms through time. Such sources include Qurʾan exegetical works (tafsir), early and late works of hadith which purport to contain the sayings of the prophet Muhammad, the excellences of jihad (fadaʾil al-jihad) and the excellences of patience (fadaʾil al-sabr) literatures, which are often not consulted on this topic. Furthermore, the comparison of early and late sources and texts from these genres allows one to chart both the constancies and changes in the spectrum of meanings and repertoire of activities included under the terms jihad and shahada. This recovery of a broader semantic landscape undermines exclusively martial conceptualizations of both these terms and has important implications for the contemporary period.

scholarly journals EPISTEMOLOGICAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Taufiqurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Literature Study ◽  
General Science ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Islamic Science ◽  
Comprehensive Manner ◽  
Islamic Values

This study discusses the paradigm of islamization and integration of science in discourse of epistemology as a tradition of islamic thought, to initiate a conceptual islamization of science. The method used was literature study with a historical approach to observe heuristic aspects, source criticism, and hypotheses. The Islamization of science can be seen from the methods used in a pluralistic, valid, and comprehensive manner, it is considered to exist if it is connected hierarchically as a multidimensional reality. The linkages of knowledge in Islam is an important aspect in Islamic epistemology, where the seeking for knowledge itself is not only an obligation, it is even a form of worship and is related to the values of al-Quran. The integration of Islamic science is a accommodation and absorption of islamic values in general science, as a reintroduction of scientific disciplines into the framework of Islam and the dissemination of Islamic science.

scholarly journals The Religious Imagination in Literary Network and Muslim Contestation in Nusantara

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Religious Imagination ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of

This study aims to examine the history of religious imagination and contestation in Nusantara. It will trace the issue of transformation of Islamic thought as religious imagination from Middle East to the region by looking at the network of Muslim scholars, the development of institution, and the distribution of religious ideas in kitabs. I will utilize socio-historical approach as means to understanding the early development of Islamic intellectual. It is said that Aceh as the first place of Islamization process in Nusantara. It can be seen from the early historical facts such as Kingdoms of Peureulak, role of ‘ulama of Pasai, and institution of dayah as place of reproduction of ‘ulama in the region. It is argued that there have been many of anthropological and archaeological evidences that had influenced the early reproduction of Islamic thought in Southeast Asia. In addition, this study will also examine the current potrait of contestation among Muslim in political landscape in the country. It indicates that the identity of Muslim has to do with the roots of historical narrative in the Nusantara.

scholarly journals The Relevance of Muhammad Abduh's Thought in Indonesian Tafsir: Analysis of Tafsir Al-Azhar

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-148
Author(s):  
Zulfikri ◽  
Mohammed A.F. Badawi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
General Public ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

In this study, the author uses the descriptive-historical approach to explain the influence of Muhammad Abduh's thoughts and Tafsir Al-Manar's coming to Indonesia. Especially in the Tafsir Al-Azhar by Hamka, who was born in the 20th century. This interpretation emerged when Indonesia was experiencing a state of transition from colonialism to independence. At the same time, modern Islamic thought became strong in Indonesia. The modern approach of Tafsir al-Manar has inspired Hamka's model of interpretation in Tafsir Al-Azhar. Here the authors find similarities in terms of methodology, namely social-community (Adab ijtima'i). Apart from that, there are some similarities and differences between the Tafsir Al-Manar with Tafsir Al-Azhar. For example, the view of the verses of "Ahl Kitab, muhkam-mutasyabih, and Israiliyat." Then the implications for the understanding of the heterogeneous Indonesian Islamic community from various religions. Besides this, the interpretation had a significant influence on the development of modern interpretation in Indonesia. It is easy to read and understand the general public to academics in Indonesia, Malaysia, and other Southeast Asian countries.

scholarly journals Model of strategies in developing Islamic thought through curriculum: a study of Sumatra Thawalib

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Muh Saerozi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Study Centre

This paper describes the models of strategies for developing of Islamic thoughtsthrough curriculum discovered by Sumatera Thawalib. Sumatera Thawalib isthe study centre of development of Islamic thought in Sumatera. The studyuses a historical approach and covers the history during 1900 to 1942. Thestudy centre is well known as part of modern Islamic movement. However, itsstrategy in thought development is not linear with the strategy of modernIslamic movement. In practical, Thawalib is in line with the model of neomodernstrategy. The developing of Thawalib Islamic thought does not necessarilylead Thawalib scholars to invalidate the works of classical scholars. However,the thought leads them to appreciate and posits the works of classicalscholars as a guidance to scaffold students’ thought to be more rational anddynamic. Thawalib strategy has proven that it gives significant contribution tothe development of reforming Islamic thought in Indonesia.Makalah ini menjelaskan model strategi untuk mengembangkan pemikiranIslam melalui kurikulum yang dikembangkan oleh Sumatera Thawalib.Sumatera Thawalib adalah pusat studi pengembangan pemikiran Islam diSumatera. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan historis dan mencakupsejarah selama 1900 sampai 1942. Organisasi ini dikenal sebagai bagian darigerakan Islam modern. Namun, strategi dalam pengembangan pemikiran tidaklinier dengan strategi gerakan Islam modern. Dalam praktek, Thawalib inisejalan dengan model strategi neo-modern. Perkembangan Thawalib dalampemikiran Islam tidak selalu membawa para ulama Thawalib untuk membatalkankarya ulama klasik. Namun, pikiran itu membuat mereka menghargai danberpendapat bahwa karya-karya ulama klasik dapat dijadikan sebagai pedomanpemikiran siswa agar menjadi lebih rasional dan dinamis. Strategi Thawalibtelah membuktikan bahwa hal itu memberikan kontribusi yang signifikanterhadap perkembangan reformasi pemikiran Islam di Indonesia.

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