scholarly journals Fixed-site Cinemas and the First Film Renters

Author(s):  
María A. Vélez-Serna

In this chapter, Maria Vélez-Serna maps the establishment of dedicated exhibition venues from 1908 to 1915, considering the geographic and demographic factors affecting their location. It considers how the venues and exhibition practices changed through the 'transitional era' and into the 1920s with the prevalence of larger cinemas in the main cities and towns. The distribution networks that made this development possible are also outlined, alongside profiles of some of the main cinema circuits.

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pun Thongchumnum ◽  
Sunari Suwanro ◽  
Chamnein Choonpradub

Author(s):  
Wan Nur Sa’adah Surianshah ◽  
Lai Wei Sieng ◽  
Norlida Hanim Mohd Salleh ◽  
Siti Hajar Mohd Idris ◽  
Hawati Janor

Sektor perladangan kelapa sawit merupakan sektor yang sangat penting dalam industri pertanian dan merupakan penyumbang terpenting kepada ekonomi Malaysia. Namun begitu, isu tenaga buruh di sektor ini sering diperkatakan kerana masih berintensif buruh. Penyertaan golongan belia dalam sektor perladangan kelapa sawit adalah kurang memberangsangkan berbanding sektor lain walaupun sektor ini menawarkan peluang pekerjaan yang lebih luas. Oleh sebab itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti golongan belia yang lebih bersedia untuk melibatkan diri dalam sektor perladangan kelapa sawit berdasarkan faktor demografi mereka. Borang soal selidik digunakan bagi mengumpul data daripada responden yang terdiri daripada golongan belia berusia 18 hingga 35 tahun. Seramai 724 orang responden yang telah menjawab soal selidik ini mewakili setiap negeri di Malaysia. Data yang dikumpul dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis faktor dan model regresi logistik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa faktor jantina, bangsa, tempat tinggal, pengalaman, dan penglibatan ahli keluarga dalam sektor perladangan kelapa sawit merupakan faktor yang menyumbang kepada kesediaan belia untuk melibatkan diri dalam sektor tersebut. Faktor gaji, faedah, persekitaran kerja dan keselamatan perlu ditambah baik bagi menarik lagi minat golongan belia untuk melibatkan diri dalam industri pertanian negara khususnya di sektor perladangan kelapa sawit.   Abstract The oil palm plantation sector is a very important sector in the agricultural industry and is a major contributor to the Malaysian economy. However, the issue of labour in this sector is often addressed as it is labour-intensive. The participation of youths in the oil palm plantation sector is less favourable than the other sector although it offers greater employment opportunities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify youths who are better prepared to participate in the oil palm plantation sector based on their demographic factors. The questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents in the age range of 18 to 35 years. A total of 724 respondents answered this questionnaire representing each state in Malaysia. The data collected were analysed using the factor analysis method and logistic regression model. The results show that the gender, race, residence, experience and involvement of family members in the oil palm plantation sector are factors contributing to youths’ readiness to participate in the sector. Factors such as salary, benefits, work environment and safety factors need to be improved to attract more youths to participate in the agricultural industry, especially in the oil palm plantation sector. Keywords: Youth, labour force, oil palm, demographic factors, logistic regression.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Massoud Danishmal ◽  

The design of power distribution systems should be such that it can technically respond to the increase in electricity demand properly and economically, optimally designed and high network reliability. In order to respond to the increase in electricity demand, load forecasting must be done so that in addition to providing the electricity needed by customers, expansion of power generation centers, expansion of substations, expansion of transformer stations and selection of their appropriate location can be done optimally. In this article, we first examine the definitions and factors that are technically and economically effective in the economic design of energy distribution systems. And in the next stage, we will see whether these above-mentioned effective factors are considered in the 0.4 kV distribution network of Ghazni city or not.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Mohammad Qasem Ahmad

This study investigated attitudes towards entrepreneurship of students at the College of Business Administration (CBA) at Kuwait University (KU), attitudes relationships to individual characteristics and contextual and demographic factors. A conceptual framework of four major constructs was designed. It included individual characteristics, contextual factors, demographic factors, and entrepreneurial attitudes. Data were collected using a self-administrated questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed to a stratified random sample of (600) senior and junior students. The response rate was 98%. Study findings showed positive individual characteristics and contextual conditions towards entrepreneurship. Moreover, the results showed strong positive correlations between students’ attitudes, individual characteristics, and contextual conditions. The study results showed no significant correlations between students’ attitudes, gender, and nationality, however, there was a correlation between attitudes and major. The study reached conclusions, noted some practical implications, and makes recommendations.


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