How the Zamuco languages dealt with verb affixes

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Marco Bertinetto
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Verb Inflection ◽  
Affix Order

The purpose of this paper is to offer a plausible reconstruction of the verb inflection paradigms of two genetically related Zamuco languages (Ayoreo and Chamacoco), whose patterns present several points of interest. In particular, one of the two paradigms exhibits a striking violation of a robust generalization concerning affix order, dictating that person markers should precede number markers, irrespective of their position in relation to the root. Careful analysis of the historical data suggests a plausible solution to this puzzle.

Karnu: Witchdoctor or Prophet?

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
John The Baptist

If you've been intrigued by Haliburton's account of the Prophet Harris, you'll find yourself in Professor Christensen's debt for this careful analysis of another African John-the-Baptist-like figure. The author's approach is as instructive as the content: comparing the European written, “objective” historical data with the “inside” oral tradition of the Gbaya people — including the perspectives of the Gbaya Christian community.

Theory and Errors in Stereo Electron Microscopy

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 336-337
Author(s):  
J. M. Pankratz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Foil Thickness ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vertical Spacing ◽  
Illuminating System

It is often desirable in transmission electron microscopy to know the vertical spacing of points of interest within a specimen. However, in order to measure a stereo effect, one must have two pictures of the same area taken from different angles, and one must have also a formula for converting measured differences between corresponding points (parallax) into a height differential.Assume (a) that the impinging beam of electrons can be considered as a plane wave and (b) that the magnification is the same at the top and bottom of the specimen. The first assumption is good when the illuminating system is overfocused. The second assumption (the so-called “perspective error”) is good when the focal length is large (3 x 107Å) in relation to foil thickness (∼103 Å).

Analysis of Dark-Field Images of Disordered Materials

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Statistical Fluctuations ◽  
Bright Spots ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Random Arrangement ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Imaging Conditions

Recently a number of authors have reported detail in dark-field images obtained from diffuse-scattering regions of electron diffraction patterns. Bright spots in images from short-range order diffuse peaks of disordered binary alloys have been interpreted as evidence for the existence of microdomains of ordered lattice or of segragated clusters of one component. Spotty contrast in dark field images of near-amorphous materials has been interpreted as evidence for the existense of microcrystals. Without a careful analysis of the imaging conditions such conclusions may be invalid. Usually the conditions of the experiment have not been specified in sufficient detail to allow evaluation of the conclusions.Elementary considerations show that even for a completely random arrangement of atoms the statistical fluctuations of density will give a spotty contrast with spots of minimum diameter determined by the dark field aperture size and other factors influencing the minimum resolvable distance under darkfield imaging conditions, including fluctuations and drift over long exposure times (resolution usually 10Å or more).

Small Computer System for Micrograph Analysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
J. F. Hainfeld ◽  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Large Range ◽  
Small Computer ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Specialized Hardware ◽  
Additional Memory ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Publication Quality

Cost reduction and availability of specialized hardware for image processing have made it reasonable to purchase a stand-alone interactive work station for computer aided analysis of micrographs. Some features of such a system are: 1) Ease of selection of points of interest on the micrograph. A cursor can be quickly positioned and coordinates entered with a switch. 2) The image can be nondestructively zoomed to a higher magnification for closer examination and roaming (panning) can be done around the picture. 3) Contrast and brightness of the picture can be varied over a very large range by changing the display look-up tables. 4) Marking items of interest can be done by drawing circles, vectors or alphanumerics on an additional memory plane so that the picture data remains intact. 5) Color pictures can easily be produced. Since the human eye can detect many more colors than gray levels, often a color encoded micrograph reveals many features not readily apparent with a black and white display. Colors can be used to construct contour maps of objects of interest. 6) Publication quality prints can easily be produced by taking pictures with a standard camera of the T.V. monitor screen.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Steven L. Demeter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass Index ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Hypertensive Disease ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Clear Explanation

Abstract The fourth, fifth, and sixth editions of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) use left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) as a variable to determine impairment caused by hypertensive disease. The issue of LVH, as assessed echocardiographically, is a prime example of medical science being at odds with legal jurisprudence. Some legislatures have allowed any cause of LVH in a hypertensive individual to be an allowed manifestation of hypertensive changes. This situation has arisen because a physician can never say that no component of LVH was not caused by the hypertension, even in an individual with a cardiomyopathy or valvular disorder. This article recommends that evaluators consider three points: if the cause of the LVH is hypertension, is the examinee at maximum medical improvement; is the LVH caused by hypertension or another factor; and, if apportionment is allowed, then a careful analysis of the risk factors for other disorders associated with LVH is necessary. The left ventricular mass index should be present in the echocardiogram report and can guide the interpretation of the alleged LVH; if not present, it should be requested because it facilitates a more accurate analysis. Further, if the cause of the LVH is more likely independent of the hypertension, then careful reasoning and an explanation should be included in the impairment report. If hypertension is only a partial cause, a reasoned analysis and clear explanation of the apportionment are required.

Fiscal rules: Excessive limitation or indispensable instrument of fiscal sustainability?

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gurvich ◽  
I. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Fiscal Rules ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Base Price ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Lower Size ◽  
Budget Expenditure

In-depth analysis of international and Russia’s experiences with implementing fiscal rules is presented. Theoretical and empirical evidences are suggested in favor of retaining the present fiscal rules with some modifications aimed at ensuring: a) a relatively stable level of federal budget expenditure with guaranteed full execution of all commitments; b) countercyclical fiscal policy, based on flexibleand proper reaction to revenue changes; and c) robustness of fiscal rules to internal and external shocks. The main new features suggested include modified calculation of the oil base price, different measurement of cyclical fiscal revenues, lower size of structural fiscal balance, and thorough specification of sources for each item of the balance. The modified rules envisage increased flexibility by relaxing to a pre-set extent and for a pre-set time spending limits in response to extreme shocks. The suggested version of fiscal rules has been tested by application to historical data for 2005-2015, and macro projections for 2015-2025.

Lack of Tenderness: The Main Culprit for the Relationship between Husband and Wife in Lady Chatterley’s Lover

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Main Culprit ◽  
Industrial Civilization ◽  
Lady Chatterley's Lover ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Winter Hibernation ◽  
Husband And Wife

This article presents the case of Chatterley and Clifford, the two main characters in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, to consider tenderness a basic working emotion to shape human relationships. The lack of tenderness causes emotional as well as physical distance in relation, especially that of male-female’s relation. The first part of the article reviews tenderness. The second part reviews how tenderness and lack of tenderness affect a male-female relationship in the selected novel, Lady Chatterley’s Lover. On the basis of a careful analysis of Lady Chatterley’s Lover, the present writer tries to prove that the lack of tenderness is the main culprit for the broken relationship between husband and wife: a major one of the relations between man and woman in human society and mutual tenderness elicits people awakening to a new way of living in an exterior world that is uncracking after the long winter hibernation. Lawrence, through a revelation of Connie’s gradual awakening from tenderness, has made his utmost effort to explore possible solutions to harmonious androgyny between men and women so as to revitalize the distorted human nature caused by the industrial civilization. Key words: relationship, husband and wife, tenderness, main culprit, Connie

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