Description of larvae of Eleotris perniger (Teleostei: Eleotridae) in transition from saltwater to freshwater from Montserrat, West Indies

Novitates Caribaea ◽

10.33800/nc.vi18.263 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Robert E. Schmidt ◽

Erin McMullin ◽

Jeremy J. Wright ◽

Bryan Weatherwax

Keyword(s):

West Indies ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Freshwater Habitat ◽

16S Gene ◽

Water Withdrawals

Larvae of the Smallscaled Spinycheek Sleeper (Eleotris perniger) in transition from saltwater to freshwater were identified using COI and 16S gene sequences and the morphology and color pattern were then described. Available freshwater habitat for this species on Montserrat is minimal and continued existence is threatened by potential water withdrawals.

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Sequence heterogeneity between the two genes encoding 16S rRNA from the halophilic archaebacterium Haloarcula marismortui.

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/130.3.399 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 130 (3) ◽

pp. 399-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S Mylvaganam ◽

P P Dennis

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Nucleotide Substitutions ◽

Haloarcula Marismortui ◽

S1 Nuclease ◽

Sequence Heterogeneity ◽

16S Gene ◽

Genes Encoding

Abstract The halophilic archaebacterium, Haloarcula marismortui, contains two nonadjacent ribosomal RNA operons, designated rrnA and rrnB, in its genome. The 16S rRNA genes within these operons are 1472 nucleotides in length and differ by nucleotide substitutions at 74 positions. The substitutions are not uniformly distributed but rather are localized within three domains of 16S rRNA; more than two-thirds of the differences occur within the domain bounded by nucleotides 508 and 823. This domain is known to be important for P site binding of aminoacylated tRNA and for 30-50S subunit association. Using S1 nuclease protection, it has been shown that the 16S rRNAs transcribed from both operons are equally represented in the functional 70S ribosome population. Comparison of these two H. marismortui sequences to the 16S gene sequences from related halophilic genera suggests that (i) in diverging genera, mutational differences in 16S gene sequences are not clustered but rather are more generally distributed throughout the length of the 16S sequence, and (ii) the rrnB sequence, particularly within the 508-823 domain, is more different from the out group sequences than is the rrnA sequence. Several possible explanations for the evolutionary origin and maintenance of this sequence heterogeneity within 16S rRNA of H. marismortui are discussed.

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First record of the genus Aristelliger (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) in Cuba, with the description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2028.1.3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2028 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

LUIS M. DÍAZ ◽

S. BLAIR HEDGES

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Central America ◽

West Indies ◽

First Record ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Color Pattern ◽

New Taxon ◽

The West ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

The genus Aristelliger comprises seven species of which six inhabit the West Indies, and one occurs in Central America and satellite islands. For the first time, the genus is reported from Cuba, and a new species (Aristelliger reyesi sp. n.) is described from that island. The new taxon has affinities with the smaller species of the genus (subgenus Aristelligella): A. expectatus, A. cochranae, and A. barbouri. It differs from them in color pattern and other morphological characters.

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Brinckmannia hexactinellidophila, n. gen., n. sp.: a hydroid living in tissues of glass sponges of the reefs, fjords, and seamounts of Pacific Canada and Alaska

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z06-031 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 564-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Peter Schuchert ◽

Henry M. Reiswig

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Reduced Form ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

Incertae Sedis ◽

16S Gene ◽

Intimate Association ◽

Mode Of Life ◽

Glass Sponges ◽

Hexactinellid Sponges

This paper reports on an intimate association of a cnidarian with glass sponges. Hexactinellid sponges of the genus Heterochone were found to regularly contain numerous tiny hydroids in their tissue. The hydroid belongs to a new genus and species and is here named Brinckmannia hexactinellidophila. Brinckmannia hexactinellidophila is a reduced form, lacking tentacles and gonophores, which certainly is an adaptation to its endobiotic mode of life. The possession of desmonemes allows it to be classified as a member of the suborder Filifera of the order Anthoathecata. The shape of the hydranth reveals some clear affinities with the Proboscidactylidae, a relationship which is also strongly suggested by a comparison of 16S gene sequences. Because a closer relationship to some other families cannot be excluded at this stage, the new genus is nevertheless not assigned to any known family and classified as Filifera incertae sedis.

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Molecular phylogeny of earthworms (Annelida:Crassiclitellata) based on 28S, 18S and 16S gene sequences

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is11012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 213 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Samuel W. James ◽

Seana K. Davidson

Keyword(s):

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Strong Support ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Character Evolution ◽

Taxon Sampling ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Bayesian Analyses ◽

16S Gene

Relationships among, and content of, earthworm families have been controversial and unstable. Here we analyse molecular data from 14 Crassiclitellata families represented by 54 genera, the non-crassiclitellate ‘earthworms’ of the Moniligastridae, plus several clitellate outgroups. Complete 28S and 18S gene sequences and a fragment of the 16S gene analysed separately or in concatenated Bayesian analyses indicate that most previously proposed suprafamilial taxa within the Crassiclitellata are para- or polyphyletic. There is strong support for the Metagynophora, which consists of the Crassiclitellata and Moniligastridae. The most basal within-Clitellata branch leads to the small families Komarekionidae, Sparganophilidae, Kynotidae, and Biwadrilidae, found in widely separated areas. A clade composed of Lumbricidae, Ailoscolecidae, Hormogastridae, Criodrilidae and Lutodrilidae appears near the base of the tree, but Criodrilidae and Biwadrilidae are not closely related because the former is sister to the Hormogastridae + Lumbricidae clade. The Glossoscolecidae is here separated into two families, the Glossoscolecidae s.s. and the Pontoscolecidae (fam. nov.). The Megascolecidae is monophyletic within a clade including all acanthodrilid earthworms. There is strong support for the Benhamiinae (Acanthodrilidae s.l.) as sister to Acanthodrilidae + Megascolecidae, but taxon sampling within other acanthodrilid groups was not sufficient to reach further conclusions. The resulting trees support revised interpretations of morphological character evolution.’

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Toward the Phylogeny of the Family Lacertidae: Implications from Mitochondrial DNA 12S and 16S Gene Sequences (Reptilia: Squamata)

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution ◽

10.1006/mpev.1997.0456 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 118-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Jinzhong Fu

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

16S Gene ◽

The Family

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Functional significance of preserved color patterns of mollusks from the Gosport Sand (Eocene) of Alabama

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000058911 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 62 (01) ◽

pp. 83-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patricia H. Kelley ◽

Charles T. Swann

Keyword(s):

Functional Morphology ◽

Functional Significance ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Color Patterns ◽

Historical Factors ◽

Life Mode ◽

Molluscan Fauna ◽

Excellent Preservation ◽

Architectural Constraints

The excellent preservation of the molluscan fauna from the Gosport Sand (Eocene) at Little Stave Creek, Alabama, has made it possible to describe the preserved color patterns of 15 species. In this study the functional significance of these color patterns is tested in the context of the current adaptationist controversy. The pigment of the color pattern is thought to be a result of metabolic waste disposal. Therefore, the presence of the pigment is functional, although the patterns formed by the pigment may or may not have been adaptive. In this investigation the criteria proposed by Seilacher (1972) for testing the functionality of color patterns were applied to the Gosport fauna and the results compared with life mode as interpreted from knowledge of extant relatives and functional morphology. Using Seilacher's criteria of little ontogenetic and intraspecific variability, the color patterns appear to have been functional. However, the functional morphology studies indicate an infaunal life mode which would preclude functional color patterns. Particular color patterns are instead interpreted to be the result of historical factors, such as multiple adaptive peaks or random fixation of alleles, or of architectural constraints including possibly pleiotropy or allometry. The low variability of color patterns, which was noted within species and genera, suggests that color patterns may also serve a useful taxonomic purpose.

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