scholarly journals A Social Insurance Perspective on Pandemic Fiscal Policy: Implications for Unemployment Insurance and Hazard Pay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Romer ◽  
David Romer
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Insurance Perspective

Is Unemployment Insurable? Employers and the Development of Unemployment Insurance

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Mares
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Insurance Policies ◽  
Modern Welfare State ◽  
Policy Arenas ◽  
Shed Light

ABSTRACTIn order to shed light on the recent debates that are reinterpreting the role played by organized employers in the development of modern social policy, this paper examines the origin of the system of contributory social insurance during the Weimar period. Contrary to ‘laborist’ accounts of the origin of the modern welfare state that view the working class as the most important protagonist behind the transition from ‘assistance’ to ‘insurance’ policies, this paper argues that employers' dissatisfaction with the means-tested system of unemployment assistance and employers' endorsement of an insurance solution to the risk of unemployment remained the decisive factor leading to the introduction of the insurance system during the Weimar period. Drawing on employers' deliberations and archival material, the paper reconstructs the process of preference formation of German employers. The significance of a sectoral conflict between employers of large and small firms about the organization of the ‘risk pool’ within the system of unemployment insurance is also highlighted. While the existing literature fails to characterize employers' preferences towards social policies and to explain the variation in the degree of employers' support for particular social policies, this paper does so. Firms' preferences towards social policies can be analyzed along three dimensions: ability of social policies to redistribute risks, locus of control within alternative policy arenas and the costs imposed by different social policies.

State and Local Fiscal Policy: Implications for Property Values and Economic Growth

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Kiholm Smith ◽  
Richard L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Fiscal Policy

Gender Budgeting in G7 Countries

Policy Papers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
G7 Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gender Budgeting ◽  
The Imf

At the request of the Italian Presidency of the G7, the IMF has prepared a paper on gender-budgeting as a contribution to the G7 initiative on equality. The paper provides an overview of gender-responsive budgeting concepts and practices in the G7 countries. It summarizes recent trends in gender equality in G7 and advanced countries, noting that while equality has improved overall, exceptions and gaps remain. Recognizing that many fiscal policies have gender-related implications, this paper: Sets out the main fiscal policy instruments, both expenditure and tax, that have a significant impact on gender equality. Provides a conceptual framework for the public financial management (PFM) institutions that play an enabling role in implementing gender-responsive fiscal policies. These instruments include gender budget statements, gender impact assessments, performance-related budget frameworks, and gender audits. Ministries of finance have an especially important role in promoting and coordinating gender budgeting, and associated analytical tools. Provides an assessment of the status of gender budgeting in the G7 countries. In preparing the paper, the IMF carried out a survey of PFM institutions and practices in the G7, as well as in three comparator countries that are relatively strong performers in developing gender-responsive budgeting (Austria, Belgium, and Spain). This information was complemented by other sources, including recent studies by the OECD and the World Bank. The main policy implications and conclusions of the paper include: Well-structured fiscal policies and sound PFM systems have the potential to contribute to gender equality, furthering the substantial progress already made by the G7 countries. While G7 countries have made effective use of a wide range of fiscal and non-fiscal policies to reduce gender inequalities, there has generally been less progress in developing effective gender-specific PFM institutions; embedding a gender dimension in the normal budgeting and policy-making routines varies across G7 countries and is not done systematically. Fiscal policy instruments of relevance to increasing gender equality include the use of tax and tax benefits to increase the supply of female labor, improved family benefits, subsidized child-care, other social benefits that increase the net return to women’s work, and incentives for businesses to encourage the hiring of women.

scholarly journals ENDOGENOUS TIME PREFERENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY: GROWTH AND FISCAL IMPLICATIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (S2) ◽  
pp. 243-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos V. Dioikitopoulos ◽  
Sarantis Kalyvitis
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Time Preference ◽  
Competitive Equilibrium ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Public Capital ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Endogenous Time Preference ◽  
The Government

This paper studies the growth and fiscal policy implications of the assumption that public policy generates an externality in the individual rate of time preference through the aggregate public capital stock. We examine the competitive equilibrium properties and we solve for endogenous growth–maximizing fiscal policy. We investigate the behavior of the government size and the growth rate to the sensitivity of time preference to public capital and the magnitude of public capital externality on production. We find that the Barro taxation rule [Barro, Robert J., Journal of Political Economy 98 (1990), 103–125], which states that the elasticity of public capital in the production function should equal the government size, is suboptimal. We show that the government does not necessarily have to increase income taxation following a rise in public capital intensity because of the externality of public capital on time preference and, in turn, on growth and the tax base of the economy.

Fiscal Policy, Chartal Money, Mark-up Dynamics and Unemployment Insurance in a Model of Growth and Distribution

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Hannsgen
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Unemployment Insurance
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