scholarly journals Viability and Infectivity of Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Short-Term Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Quaresma Ramos ◽  
Djane Clarys Baia-da-Silva ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda ◽  
Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro ◽  
Stefanie Costa Pinto Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Culture ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Short Term Culture ◽  
Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting

The control and elimination of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax both represent a great challenge due to the biological aspects of the species. Gametocytes are the forms responsible for the transmission of the parasite to the vector and the search for new strategies for blocking transmission are essential in a scenario of control and elimination The challenges in this search in regard to P. vivax mainly stem from the lack of a long-term culture and the limitation of studies of gametocytes. This study evaluated the viability and infectivity of P. vivax gametocytes in short-term culture. The samples enriched in gametocytes using Percoll (i), using magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS®) (ii), and using non-enriched samples (iii) were evaluated. After the procedures, gametocytes were cultured in IMDM medium for up to 48 h. Cultured P. vivax gametocytes were viable and infectious for up to 48 h, however differences in viability and infectivity were observed in the samples after 12 h of culture in relation to 0 h. Percoll-enriched samples were shown to be viable in culture for longer intervals than those purified using MACS®. Gametocyte viability after enrichment procedures and short-term culture may provide new avenues in the development of methods for evaluating P. vivax TB.

scholarly journals The impact of post-warming culture duration on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfer cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Ji Young Hwang ◽  
Jae Kyun Park ◽  
Tae Hyung Kim ◽  
Jin Hee Eum ◽  
HaengSeok Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Ongoing Pregnancy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ongoing Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Long Term Culture ◽  
Culture Duration ◽  
Short Term Culture

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the effects of long-term and short-term embryo culture to assess whether there is a correlation between culture duration and clinical outcomes. Methods: Embryos were divided into two study groups depending on whether their post-warming culture period was long-term (20–24 hours) or short-term (2–4 hours). Embryo morphology was analyzed with a time-lapse monitoring device to estimate the appropriate timing and parameters for evaluating embryos with high implantation potency in both groups. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust the confounding factors across groups. The grades of embryos and blastoceles, morphokinetic parameters, implantation rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate were compared.Results: No significant differences were observed in the implantation rate or ongoing pregnancy rate between the two groups (56.3% vs. 67.9%, p=0.182; 47.3% vs. 53.6%, p=0.513). After warming, there were more expanded and hatching/hatched blastocysts in the long-term culture group than in the short-term culture group, but there was no significant between-group difference in embryo grade. Regarding pregnancy outcomes, the completion of re-expansion was faster in women who became pregnant than in those who did not for both culture durations (long-term: 2.19±0.63 vs. 4.11±0.81 hours, p=0.003; short-term: 1.17±0.29 vs. 1.94±0.76 hours, p=0.018, respectively). Conclusion: The outcomes of short-term culture and long-term culture were not significantly different in vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer. Regardless of the post-warming culture time, the degree of blastocyst re-expansion 3–4 hours after warming is an important marker for embryo selection.

PARTIAL TRISOMY/MONOSOMY 6q IN FETAL CELLS AND CVS LONG-TERM CULTURE NOT PRESENT IN CVS SHORT-TERM CULTURE

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.-D. WEGNER ◽  
E. SCHRÖCK ◽  
M. OBLADEN ◽  
R. BECKER ◽  
M. STUMM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Trisomy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Culture ◽  
Fetal Cells ◽  
Short Term Culture

scholarly journals Cryopreserved Plasmodium vivax and cord blood reticulocytes can be used for invasion and short term culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Borlon ◽  
Bruce Russell ◽  
Kanlaya Sriprawat ◽  
Rossarin Suwanarusk ◽  
Annette Erhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Culture

scholarly journals Multifunctional T Cell Response to DosR and Rpf Antigens Is Associated with Protection in Long-Term Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Individuals in Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 813-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonar Arroyo ◽  
Mauricio Rojas ◽  
Kees L. M. C. Franken ◽  
Tom H. M. Ottenhoff ◽  
Luis F. Barrera
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Culture

ABSTRACTMultifunctional T cells have been shown to be protective in chronic viral infections. In mycobacterial infections, however, evidence for a protective role of multifunctional T cells remains inconclusive. Short-term cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with theMycobacterium tuberculosisRD1 antigens 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT6) and 10-kDa culture filtrate antigen (CFP10), which are induced in the early infection phase, have been mainly used to assess T cell multifunctionality, although long-term culture assays have been proposed to be more sensitive than short-term assays for assessment of memory T cells, which are essential for long-term immunity. Here we used a long-term culture assay system to study the T cell immune responses to theM. tuberculosislatency-associated DosR antigens and reactivation-associated Rpf antigens, compared to ESAT6 and CFP10, in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and household contacts of PTB patients with long-term latent tuberculosis infection (ltLTBI), in a community in whichM. tuberculosisis endemic. Our results showed that the DosR antigens Rv1737c (narK2) and Rv2029c (pfkB) and the Rv2389c (rpfD) antigen ofM. tuberculosisinduced higher frequencies of CD4+or CD8+mono- or bifunctional (but not multifunctional) T cells producing interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and/or tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) in ltLTBI, compared to PTB. Moreover, the frequencies of CD4+and/or CD8+T cells with a CD45RO+CD27+phenotype were higher in ltLTBI than in PTB. Thus, the immune responses to selected DosR and Rpf antigens may be associated with long-term latency, correlating with protection fromM. tuberculosisreactivation in ltLTBI. Further study of the functional and memory phenotypes may contribute to further discrimination between the different states ofM. tuberculosisinfections.

scholarly journals Plasmodium vivax Polymorphism in a Clinical Drug Trial

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Adak ◽  
Neena Valecha ◽  
V. P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Drug Trial ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Clinical Drug Trial ◽  
Clinical Drug

ABSTRACT Data from a double-blind randomized clinical drug trial were analyzed to find the comparative responses of two antirelapse drugs, bulaquine and primaquine, against different relapsing forms ofPlasmodium vivax infection. A 1-year follow-up study strongly suggests that the duration of preerythrocytic development ofP. vivax is a polymorphic characteristic, exhibited by two strains of hypnozoites responsible for early and late manifestations after primary infection. Short-term relapses were significantly higher in the first half year than long-term relapses, and the reverse was true in the second half year. Clinical drug response data showed that the hypnozoites characterized for short-term relapse were not susceptible to either of the antirelapse drugs in the currently administered dose, whereas hypnozoites characterized for long incubation were significantly susceptible.

scholarly journals Radioembolization for Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghassan El-Haddad ◽  
Jonathan Strosberg
Keyword(s):  
National Comprehensive Cancer Network ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Transarterial Radioembolization ◽  
Cancer Network ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Yttrium 90

AbstractTransarterial radioembolization (TARE) using β-emitting yttrium-90 microspheres has been used for decades in patients with liver-dominant unresectable metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (mNETs). TARE is one of the embolotherapies supported by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, among other guidelines, for progressive or symptomatic liver-dominant mNETs. Initial studies with relatively short-term follow-up have indicated that TARE is likely to be at least as effective in controlling symptoms and/or disease progression in the liver as bland or chemoembolization. However, more recent data have shed new light on the risk of long-term hepatotoxicity in patients with mNETs treated with TARE. In this article, we will discuss rationale for TARE, clinical indications, outcomes, and toxicity, as well as new strategies to enhance efficacy of TARE while reducing its toxicity in the treatment of liver-dominant mNETs.

scholarly journals Short-term relative invader growth rate predicts long-term equilibrium proportion in a stable, coexisting microbial community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Padfield ◽  
Meaghan Castledine ◽  
Joseph Pennycook ◽  
Elze Hesse ◽  
Angus Buckling
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Culture ◽  
Modelling Approach

AbstractThe ability of species to mutually invade from rare is the defining measure of species coexistence. However, it is unknown whether invasion growth rates predict any characteristic of long-term community dynamics. Here, we use a model five-species microbial community to investigate the link between short-term growth rate and long-term relative abundance. We manipulated diversity and tested the ability of species to coexist in different combinations. Across all diversity levels and species combinations, populations re-established from rare in 71 of 75 combinations and all combinations were stable in long-term culture. Moreover, short-term relative invader growth rate was positively associated with long-term equilibrium proportion, despite large variation in interactions between species and communities. This finding was confirmed using a modelling approach and suggests that the short-term invasion growth rate can predict long-term relative abundance within that community.

Chorionic villus sampling—short-term versus long-term culture in a subtle 2; 18 translocation

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smith ◽  
M. Cohen ◽  
G. den Dulk ◽  
A. Guirguis
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Villus ◽  
Chorionic Villus Sampling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Culture

scholarly journals A chimeric Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein Antibody Recognises and Blocks Erythrocytic P. cynomolgi Berok Merozoites In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei-hu Shen ◽  
Jessica Jie Ying Ong ◽  
Yi-fan Sun ◽  
Yao Lei ◽  
Rui-lin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Merozoite Surface Protein ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Long Term Culture

Research on erythrocytic Plasmodium vivax merozoite antigens is critical for identifying potential vaccine candidates in reducing vivax disease. However, many P. vivax studies are constrained by its inability to undergo long-term culture in vitro. Conserved across all Plasmodium spp, merozoite surface proteins are essential for invasion into erythrocytes and highly expressed on erythrocytic merozoites, thus making it an ideal vaccine candidate. In clinical trials, the P. vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (PvMSP1-19) vaccine candidate alone has shown to have limited immunogenicity in patients, hence we incorporate the highly conserved and immunogenic C-terminus of both P. vivax merozoite surface protein 8 (PvMSP8) and PvMSP1-19 to develop a multicomponent chimeric protein rPvMSP8+1 for immunization into mice. The resulted chimeric rPvMSP8+1 antibody was shown to recognize native protein MSP8 and MSP1-19 of mature P. vivax schizonts. In the immunized mice, elevated antibody response was observed in the rPvMSP8+1-immunized group as compared to that immunized with single antigen components. In addition, we examined the growth inhibition of these antibodies against P. cynomolgi (Berok strain) parasites, which is phylogenetically close to P. vivax and sustains long term culture in vitro. Similarly, the chimeric anti-rPvMSP8+1 antibodies recognises P. cynomolgi MSP8 and MSP1-19 on mature schizonts, and showed strong inhibition in vitro via growth inhibition assay. This study provides support for a new multi-antigen-based paradigm rPvMSP8+1 to explore potential chimeric vaccine candidates against P. vivax malaria using sister species, P. cynomolgi.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document