scholarly journals Helminth Coinfection Is Associated With Enhanced Plasma Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Tuberculous Lymphadenitis

Author(s):  
Gokul Raj Kathamuthu ◽  
Kadar Moideen ◽  
Kannan Thiruvengadam ◽  
Rathinam Sridhar ◽  
Dhanaraj Baskaran ◽  
...  

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial for tissue remodeling and repair and are expressed in diverse infections, whereas tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous inhibitors of MMPs. However, the interaction of MMPs and TIMPs in tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL), an extra-pulmonary form of tuberculosis (EPTB) and helminth (Hel+) coinfection is not known. Therefore, this present study investigates the levels of circulating MMPs (1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13) and TIMPs (1, 2, 3, 4) in TBL individuals with helminth (Strongyloides stercoralis [Ss], hereafter Hel+) coinfection and without helminth coinfection (hereafter, Hel-). In addition, we have also carried out the regression analysis and calculated the MMP/TIMP ratios between the two study groups. We describe that the circulating levels of MMPs (except MMP-8 and MMP-12) were elevated in TBL-Hel+ coinfected individuals compared to TBL-Hel- individuals. Similarly, the systemic levels of TIMPs (1, 2, 3, 4) were increased in TBL-Hel+ compared to TBL-Hel- groups indicating that it is a feature of helminth coinfection per se. Finally, our multivariate analysis data also revealed that the changes in MMPs and TIMPs were independent of age, sex, and culture status between TBL-Hel+ and TBL-Hel- individuals. We show that the MMP-2 ratio with all TIMPs were significantly associated with TBL-helminth coinfection. Thus, our results describe how helminth infection has a profound effect on the pathogenesis of TBL and that both MMPs and TIMPs could dampen the immunity against the TBL-Hel+ coinfected individuals.

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1805-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shifa Narula ◽  
Chanderdeep Tandon ◽  
Simran Tandon

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are members of calcium dependent-zinc containing endopeptidases that play a pivotal role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. MMPs are also known to cleave non-matrix proteins, including cell surface receptors, TNF-α, angiotensin-II, growth factors, (especially transforming growth factor-β1, ΤGF- β1) plasminogen, endothelin and other bioactive molecules. The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) inhibit the activity of MMPs and decrease ECM degradation. Various patho-physiological conditions have been linked with the imbalance of ECM synthesis and degradation. Numerous studies have reported the significance of MMPs and TIMPs in the progression of kidney pathologies, including glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, renal cancer, and nephrolithiasis. Although dysregulated activity of MMPs could directly or indirectly lead to pathological morbidities, their contribution in disease progression is still understated. Specifically, MMP activity in the kidneys and it's relation to kidney diseases has been the subject of a limited number of investigations. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to provide an updated insight of the involvement of MMPs and TIMPs in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and degenerative kidney disorders.


2018 ◽  
Vol 275 (12) ◽  
pp. 3075-3082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Souza Freitas ◽  
Jean Nunes dos Santos ◽  
Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos ◽  
Cassiano Francisco Weege Nonaka ◽  
Leão Pereira Pinto ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-feng Zhang ◽  
Gang-liang Wang ◽  
Zhi-jie Zhou ◽  
Xiang-qian Fang ◽  
Shuai Chen ◽  
...  

Apmis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Soderstrom ◽  
H. T. Aro ◽  
M. Ahonen ◽  
N. Johansson ◽  
A. Aho ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0207404
Author(s):  
Gokul Raj Kathamuthu ◽  
Kadar Moideen ◽  
Vaithilingam V. Banurekha ◽  
Dina Nair ◽  
R. Sridhar ◽  
...  

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