scholarly journals Heat Flow and Thermal Source of the Xi’an Depression, Weihe Basin, Central China

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Xiaoyin Tang ◽  
Luyao Cheng ◽  
Ying Dong ◽  
Yuping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Central China ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
The North ◽  
Lithospheric Extension ◽  
Weihe Basin ◽  
Thermal Background

The Xi’an Depression of the Weihe Basin, located in the transition zone where the North China, Qinling and Yangtze plates collide with each other, is an important area of geothermal energy utilization in China. Studies of heat flow and thermal sources are of great significance to the exploration and development of geothermal resources in this area. In this paper, six temperature logs boreholes, and 14 thermal conductivity samples have been used to study the geothermal gradient and terrestrial heat flow in the area. The results show that the geothermal gradients of Xi’an Depression range from 20.8 C/km to 49.1 C/km, with an average of 31.7 ± 5.0 C/km. The calculated heat flow is 59.4–88.6 mW/m2, and the average value is 71.0 ± 6.3 mW/m2, which indicates a high thermal background in the area. The high anomalous zones are near the Lintong-Chang’an Fault zone in the southeast, the Weihe Fault in the north, and the Fenghe Fault in the central Xi’an Depression. These deep and large faults not only control the formation of the Xi’an Depression but also provide an important channel for the circulation of groundwater and affect the characteristics of the shallow geothermal distribution. The temperature of the Moho in the Xi’an Depression ranges from 600 to 700°C, and the thermal lithosphere thickness is about 90–100 km. The characteristics of lithospheric thermal structure in Xi’an Depression indicate that the higher thermal background in the study area is related to lithospheric extension and thinning and asthenosphere thermal material upwelling.

scholarly journals Reappraisal of Heat Flow Variations in Mainland Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-78
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz dos Santos Gomes ◽  
Fábio Pinto Vieira ◽  
Valiya Mannathal Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
The North ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Available Information

A reappraisal of geothermal data of the mainland of Africa has been carried out based on data sets available at the IHFC website, incremented with updated information on volcanic activities of post Holocene times. Our compilation makes use of 1480 heat flow values that include 1327 observational data supplemented with 36 estimates derived from heat flow-age relation. In addition, the method of magmatic heat budget (MHB) has been employed in deriving deep crustal heat flow values for 117 for sites of recent volcanic activity, most of it located in Ethiopia. These data sets were regrouped into regular equal-area cells with dimensions of 5 x 5 degrees and subsequently employed in deriving maps of the regional distributions of heat flow and geothermal resources and interpreted on the basis of available information on tectonic setting and geological characteristics. The most prominent features are the relatively high values in the region of rift valleys in the eastern sector of the continent. High heat flow values also occur along north-south trending belts of Atlas Mountains in the north and pockets associated with the Cameroon volcanic chain on the west-central parts of the continent. The vertical distributions of temperatures were calculated for depths reaching down to 6 km. The associated resource base calculations indicate availability of high temperature resources in vast regions of the African continent.

Paleogeothermal Gradients across an Inverted Hyperextended Rift System (Mauléon Fossil Rift,Western Pyrenees)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Saspiturry ◽  
Abdeltif Lahfid ◽  
Thierry Baudin ◽  
Laurent Guillou-Frottier ◽  
Philippe Razin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Rift System ◽  
Alkaline Magmatism ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Geothermal Gradients ◽  
The North ◽  
Mantle Heat Flow ◽  
Paleogeothermal Gradient

<p>Examples of fossil and present-day passive margins resulting from mantle exhumation at the ocean–continent transition appear to have developed under conditions of high mantle heat flow. The pattern of geothermal gradients along these hyperextended margins at the time of rifting is of interest for exploration of geothermal and petroleum resources, but is difficult to access. The fossil rift in the North Pyrenean Zone, which underwent high temperature–low pressure metamorphism and alkaline magmatism during Early Cretaceous hyperextension, was studied to explore the geothermal regime at the time of rifting. Data from a set of 155 samples from densely spaced outcrops and boreholes, analyzed using Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material, shed light on the distribution of geothermal gradients across the inverted hyperextended Mauléon rift basin during Albian and Cenomanian time, its period of active extension. The estimated paleogeothermal gradient is strongly related to the structural position along the Albian-Cenomanian rift, increasing along a proximal-distal margin transect from ~34°C/km in the European proximal margin to ~37–47°C/km in the two necking zones and 57–60°C/km in the hyperextended domain. This pattern of the paleogeothermal gradient induced a complex competition between brittle and ductile deformation during crustal extension. A numerical modeling approach reproducing the thermal evolution of the North Pyrenees since 120 Ma suggests that mantle heat flow values may have peaked up to 100 mW.m-2 during the rifting event. We demonstrate that the style of reactivation during subsequent convergence influences the thermal structure of the inverted rift system.</p>

Heat flow, heat production, thermal structure and its tectonic implication of the southern Tan-Lu Fault Zone, East–Central China

Geothermics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 254-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Shengbiao Hu ◽  
Zhuting Wang ◽  
Guangzheng Jiang ◽  
Di Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Central China ◽  
Tectonic Implication ◽  
East Central ◽  
Flow Heat

Terrestrial heat flow and lithospheric thermal structure in the Chagan Depression of the Yingen‐Ejinaqi Basin, north central China

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328-1346
Author(s):  
Yinhui Zuo ◽  
Shu Jiang ◽  
Shihu Wu ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Jiong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Central China ◽  
North Central ◽  
Terrestrial Heat Flow ◽  
Lithospheric Thermal Structure

scholarly journals Exploration Process and Genesis Mechanism of Deep Geothermal Resources in the North Jiangsu Basin, East China: From Nothing to Something

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Yang Bai ◽  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Junpeng Guan ◽  
Yaqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East China ◽  
Geothermal Resource ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Exploration Process ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
The North ◽  
Lithospheric Extension ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Craton Destruction ◽  
Two Stages

Geothermal resources, as an important member of clean renewable energy, of which the exploration, development, and utilization of geothermal resources, especially deep geothermal resources, are of great significance for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Taking the North Jiangsu Basin (NJB) as an example, this paper reviews the exploration process of deep geothermal resources in the basin and presents the latest results. The study shows that the NJB is a typical “hot basin” with an average heat flow value of 68 mW/m2. In this region, the deep geothermal resource favorable areas in the NJB are mainly distributed in the depressions, in particular those near the Jianhu uplift, i.e., the Yanfu depression and the Dongtai depression. In addition, the genesis mechanism of the deep geothermal resource favorable area in the NJB is best explained by the “two stages, two sources” thermal concentration, that is, “two stages” means that the transformation of the lithospheric thermal regime are caused by the late Mesozoic craton destruction in East China, and the Cenozoic lithospheric extension; these two tectono-thermal events together lead to the deep anomalous mantle-source heat (the first source), and the upper crustal-scale heat control is mainly caused by thermal refraction (the second source). Overall, this case study underlines new ideas of understanding the geothermal genesis mechanism in East China, which can guide for the exploration and development of deep geothermal resources at the basin scale.

scholarly journals Critical Tectonic Limits for Geothermal Aquifer Use: Case Study from the East Slovakian Basin Rim

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Stanislav Jacko ◽  
Roman Farkašovský ◽  
Igor Ďuriška ◽  
Barbora Ščerbáková ◽  
Kristína Bátorová
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Open Fractures ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The North ◽  
Heat System ◽  
Volcanic Chain ◽  
Saline Solutions

The Pannonian basin is a major geothermal heat system in Central Europe. Its peripheral basin, the East Slovakian basin, is an example of a geothermal structure with a linear, directed heat flow ranging from 90 to 100 mW/m2 from west to east. However, the use of the geothermal source is limited by several critical tectono-geologic factors: (a) Tectonics, and the associated disintegration of the aquifer block by multiple deformations during the pre-Paleogene, mainly Miocene, period. The main discontinuities of NW-SE and N-S direction negatively affect the permeability of the aquifer environment. For utilization, minor NE-SW dilatation open fractures are important, which have been developed by sinistral transtension on N–S faults and accelerated normal movements to the southeast. (b) Hydrogeologically, the geothermal structure is accommodated by three water types, namely, Na-HCO3 with 10.9 g·L−1 mineralization (in the north), the Ca-Mg-HCO3 with 0.5–4.5 g·L−1 mineralization (in the west), and Na-Cl water type containing 26.8–33.4 g·L−1 mineralization (in the southwest). The chemical composition of the water is influenced by the Middle Triassic dolomite aquifer, as well as by infiltration of saline solutions and meteoric waters along with open fractures/faults. (c) Geothermally anomalous heat flow of 123–129 °C with 170 L/s total flow near the Slanské vchy volcanic chain seems to be the perspective for heat production.

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