scholarly journals Improved Stability of Organic Photovotlaic Devices With FeCl3 Intercalated Graphene Electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran K. Walsh ◽  
Conor Murphy ◽  
Saverio Russo ◽  
Monica F. Craciun
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Pristine Graphene ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Energy Payback ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Few Layer Graphene ◽  
Conductive Properties

In this paper, we present the first organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices fabricated with FeCl3 intercalated few layer graphene (i-FLG) electrodes. i-FLG electrodes were first fabricated and characterized by electrical and spectroscopic means, showing enhanced conductive properties compared to pristine graphene. These electrodes were then used in the fabrication of OPV devices and tested against devices made with commercially available Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) electrodes. Both types of device achieved similar efficiencies, while the i-FLG based device exhibited superior charge transport properties due to the increase in work function characterizing i-FLG. Both types of device underwent a stability study using both periodic and continuous illumination measurements, which revealed i-FLG based OPVs to be significantly more stable than those based on ITO. These improvements are expected to translate to increased device lifetimes and a greater total energy payback from i-FLG based photovoltaic devices. These results highlight the potential benefits of using intercalated graphene materials as an alternative to ITO in photovoltaic devices.

TiO2 nanocrystals shell layer on highly conducting indium tin oxide nanowire for photovoltaic devices

Nanoscale ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Soo Han ◽  
Ju Seong Kim ◽  
Dong Hoe Kim ◽  
Gil Sang Han ◽  
Hyun Suk Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Shell Layer ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Tio2 Nanocrystals

High Mobility IGZO/ITO Double-layered Transparent Composite Electrode: A Thermal Stability Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aritra Dhar ◽  
T. L. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

ABSTRACTThe fabrication of a thin film optoelectronic device involves the exposure of the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) to a high process temperature. Indium gallium zinc oxide (InGaZnO4 or IGZO) is a well known TCO with high optical transparency, moderate conductivity and high mobility. However, its electrical properties deteriorate after subsequent high temperature processes in air atmosphere. On the other hand indium tin oxide (ITO) has higher conductivity than IGZO and better thermal stability. Therefore, IGZO/ITO bilayers have been deposited on glass by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature and subsequently annealed at high temperatures in order to study their thermal stability. In the present work, a-IGZO layers with a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 100 nm were deposited over a 50 nm thick ITO layer. Results are compared with those from a single IGZO layered thin film without the ITO bottom layer. The structural, optical and electrical properties of the multilayers are studied with the use of scanning electron microscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy and Hall measurement. An IGZO optimal thickness of 50 nm is found to improve the bilayer thermal stability at temperatures upto 400 °C keeping good opto-electrical properties. The sheet resistance for the optimized IGZO/ITO composite films is about 22 Ohm/sq, and the transmittance in the visible range is about 90%. The composite shows an excellent mobility above 40 cm2 /V-s and thus can be potentially applied as channel layer in thin film transistors (TFTs)

Improved Stability Design of Subsea Pipelines on Mobile Seabeds: Learnings From the STABLEpipe JIP

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Griffiths ◽  
Scott Draper ◽  
David White ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Hongwei An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
New Research ◽  
Subsea Pipelines ◽  
Fluid Interaction

The on-bottom stability design of subsea pipelines is important to ensure safety and reliability but is challenging to achieve, particularly in Australia due to onerous metocean and seabed conditions, and the prevalence of light gas pipelines. This challenge has been amplified by the fact that industry design guidelines have given no guidance on how to incorporate the potential benefits of seabed mobility, which can lead to lowering and self-burial of the pipeline on a sandy seabed. In this paper, we review the learnings of the STABLEpipe Joint Industry Project (JIP), which was initiated with the aim of developing new design guidelines to assess the on-bottom stability of pipelines on mobile seabeds. The paper summarises the new research undertaken within the STABLEpipe JIP to better predict sedimentation and scour, pipe-fluid interaction and pipe-soil interaction. New design methods to assess the on-bottom stability are also outlined, which have been developed based on the new research. These methods have been adopted in a DNVGL guideline authored by the JIP researchers in collaboration with DNVGL and presently available for use by the JIP participants. Finally, applications of the STABLEpipe JIP outcomes and focus areas for further work are discussed.

scholarly journals Improving Efficiency and Stability of Organic Solar Cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zeeshan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Organic Solar Cell ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Window Layer ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Improved Stability

Efficiency and stability are the main challenges of organic solar cells. In this research novel structure is investigated for organic solar cell which has improved efficiency and improved stability. Blend of PTB7 and PCBM elements was used for the active layer of cell. Thickness of this layer was varied from 80nm to 200nm and selected the optimized thickness of 90nm. On which the cell has maximum efficiency of 12.24 %. The influence of window layer material such as Zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) with various electrode materials including Indium tin oxide (ITO), Fluorine tin oxide (FTO), aluminum (Al) Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) with different combinations have been investigated with the objective to enhance the absorption and PCE of the cell. Also varied the thicknesses of these different layers and selected the optimized thickness on which the cell had maximum efficiency. The structure of the proposed scheme was observed with ITO/Al as top and bottom electrode with thicknesses of 125nm and 100nm respectively and found that this holds the highest performance parameters including Jsc=0.130(mA/m2), Voc= 1 (V), FF=94.1% and ƞ=12.24% respectively as compared to different electrode combination and window layers with the same photoactive absorber material PTB7: PCBM. This indicates that the proposed structure can be a good choice for replacing less efficient in-organic cell.

Influence of the Film Thickness on the Optical and Electrical Properties of ITO

2009 ◽  
Vol 1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Kin Fung ◽  
Kai-Yin Cheung ◽  
Ye Chuan Sun ◽  
Aleksandra B. Djurišić ◽  
Wai-Kin Chan
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Ito Thin Films

AbstractIndium tin oxide (ITO) is widely used for opto-electronic products such as organic light-emitting diodes, organic photovoltaic devices and liquid crystal displays due to its high transparency and electrical conductivity. Since there is a trade-off between the conductivity and transparency of ITO, it is necessary to optimize performances of opto-electronic products by balancing the sheet resistance and transmittance. Both sheet resistance and transmittance are affected by a number of factors such as working temperature, working pressure, oxygen-to-argon ratio during the fabricating process, and thickness. In our study, ITO thin films were deposited on glass substrates by dc sputtering. Effects of ITO with different thicknesses, sheet resistances, and transmission spectra on the performance of bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices were investigated.

Indium−Tin−Oxide-Based Transparent Conducting Layers for Highly Efficient Photovoltaic Devices

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (17) ◽  
pp. 7443-7447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangwook Lee ◽  
Jun Hong Noh ◽  
Shin-Tae Bae ◽  
In-Sun Cho ◽  
Jin Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Transparent Conducting
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