Increased Circulating Levels of Ectodysplasin A in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients

ObjectiveEctodysplasin A (EDA), a newly discovered hepatokine, has recently been considered to be closely related to glycolipid metabolism disorders, but the pathophysiological effects of EDA are still poorly understood. This study was the first time to determine the level of serum EDA in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and to explore the relationships between serum EDA levels and various metabolic indexes.MethodsA total of 184 subjects were enrolled in the study, including 92 subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM and 92 subjects with age- and sex-matched normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Serum EDA levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Oral glucose tolerance test, glycosylated hemoglobin c (HbA1c), and insulin were also measured.ResultsSerum EDA levels were significantly increased in the T2DM group than in the NGT group (359.91 ± 117.99 vs. 265.82 ± 86.51 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Serum EDA levels were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG), fasting plasma insulin (FIns), fasting C peptide (FCP), triglyceride (TG), HOMA-IR, and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and HOMA-β (p < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that 2hPG and FIns were independent influencing factors of serum EDA level (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum EDA level was significantly independently correlated with T2DM (p < 0.05).ConclusionsSerum EDA levels are significantly higher in T2DM patients, suggesting that EDA may play a role in the occurrence and development of T2DM.

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Increased Circulating Levels of EDA in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-189239/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xia Deng ◽

Yanyan Li ◽

Xunan Wu ◽

Li Zhao ◽

Haoxiang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Hemoglobin C ◽

Fasting Plasma

Abstract BACKGROUNDEtodysplasin A (EDA), a newly discovered hepatokine, has recently been considered to be closely related to glycolipid metabolism disorders, but the pathophysiological effects of EDA are still poorly understood. This study was the first time to determine the level of serum EDA in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and to explore the relationships between serum EDA levels and various metabolic indexes.METHODS A total of 184 subjects were enrolled in the study, including 92 subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM and 92 subjects with age- and sex- matched normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Serum EDA levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). And oral glucose tolerance test, glycosylated hemoglobin c(HbA1c), blood lipid and insulin were also measured. Insulin resistance (IR) and islet β-cell function were assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA).RESULTSSerum EDA levels were significantly increased in the T2DM group than in the NGT group (359.91 ± 117.99 vs. 265.82 ± 86.51pg/mL, P<0.001). Serum EDA levels were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose(2hPG), fasting plasma insulin (FIns), fasting C peptide (FCP), triglyceride (TG), HOMA-IR, and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and HOMA-β (P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that 2hPG and FIns were independent influencing factors of serum EDA level (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum EDA level was significantly independent correlated with T2DM (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum EDA level are significantly higher in T2DM patients, indicating that circulating EDA may be involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM.

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Effects of Glucose Ingestion on Serum Fractalkine Levels in Healthy Subjects and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/jomb-2017-0070 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 373-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Suleyman Baldane ◽

Ismail Can Kendir ◽

Cem Onur Kirac ◽

Suleyman Ipekci ◽

Gulsum Tekin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Glucose Ingestion

Summary Fractalkine (FKN) is an inflammatory cytokine that has been shown with increased serum levels in diabetic patients and is considered to contribute to the adipose tissue inflammation by supporting monocyte adhesion to adipocytes which has an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our aim was to evaluate the effects of glucose ingestion on the serum fractal - kine levels in healthy subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and newly diagnosed T2DM patients. A total of 67 patients were included in this study, and they were divided into NGT (n=34) and T2DM (n=33) groups according to their oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results. The serum FKN and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured at 0 and 120 minutes during an OGTT following overnight fasting. The 0-minute (basal) and 120-minute OGTT FKN levels were found to be significantly higher in the T2DM group when compared to the NGT group (p=0.012 and p=0.001, respectively). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of the changes in the basal and 120-minute OGTT FKN levels in the T2DM and NGT groups (p=0.433 and p=0.06, respectively). A significant positive correlation was observed between the 120-minute OGTT FKN and glucose levels in the study group consisting of all of the patients (r=0.331, p=0.006). Conclusions: In this study, basal and post-glycemic load FKN levels were found to be higher in newly diagnosed T2DM patients than those with NGT; however, there was no additional change in FKN levels by glycemic load.

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Increased Plasma Levels of Nesfatin-1 in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1286339 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 120 (02) ◽

pp. 91-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Z. Zhang ◽

L. Li ◽

M. Yang ◽

H. Liu ◽

G. Boden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Newly Diagnosed

AbstractNesfatin-1, which is derived from nucleobindin2 (NUCB2), has been recently identified as a novel satiety regulator. However, its pathophysiological role in humans remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate plasma nesfatin-1 levels and the association between plasma nesfatin-1 levels and various metabolic parameters in humans.74 subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM), 73 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 73 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were enrolled in this study. Plasma nesfatin-1 levels were measured by a commercially available enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay.Plasma nesfatin-1 levels were elevated in subjects with both nT2DM and IGT compared to controls (1.91±0.79 and 1.80±0.80 vs. 1.41±0.58 μ g/L, P<0.05 or P<0.01 ). Simple regression analysis showed that in subjects with IGT and nT2DM, plasma nesfatin-1 correlated positively with body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h blood glucose after a glucose load (2hPBG), fasting plasma insulin (FINS) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that plasma nesfatin-1 was significantly associated with IGT and nT2DM, even after controlling for differences in BMI.Plasma nesfatin-1 concentrations were found to be elevated in subjects with both IGT and nT2DM and to be related with several clinical parameters known to be associated with insulin resistance.

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Examination of Dysglycaemia among Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2018/1830372 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Ernest Yorke ◽

Vincent Boima ◽

Ida Dzifa Dey ◽

Yacoba Atiase ◽

Josephine Akpalu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Marital Status ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽

Sputum Smear ◽

P Value ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Fasting Plasma

The burden of both tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus in developing countries including Ghana is high; often, the two coexist and impact each other negatively.Objective. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictive factors of dysglycaemia among newly diagnosed smear positive tuberculosis patients at a tertiary tuberculosis treatment centre in Ghana.Methods. Dysglycaemia at diagnosis was determined by the use of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), while sputum smear microscopy was used to assess the sputum status. Only smear positive patients were included in the study. Information on sociodemographic, anthropometrical, clinical, and medication history was also obtained.Results. In all, 146 participants, aged 18 to 75 years with a mean age of 38.7 years comprising 115 (78.8%) males and 31 (21.2%) females, were involved in the analysis. Upon initial screening, using fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 91.1 % had normal fasting level, 5.5 % had impaired fasting, and 3.4% were diagnosed with diabetes. Using 2-hour postprandial values (2HPP), 59.6% had normal plasma glucose, 28.8 % had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 11.6 % were diagnosed with diabetes. Overall, the prevalence of dysglycaemia (i.e., impaired fasting and diabetes) was 8.9% (95% CI: 5.21–14.82%) with FPG test and 40.4% (95% CI: 32.68–48.65%) with 2HPP test. The analysis revealed that 2HPP was associated with high mean age compared to FPG (36.67 ± 13.97 versus 41.69 ± 13.97, p-value = 0.033). In addition, marital status was significantly associated with FPG status of patients(p=0.028).Conclusion. The prevalence of dysglycaemia was high among smear positive TB patients in Ghana. Higher mean age and marital status were associated with abnormal glucose tolerance and fasting plasma glucose, respectively. Clinical management of patients with tuberculosis should include screening for diabetes.

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Increased Serum WISP1 Levels are Associated with Lower Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease in Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/a-1474-8220 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yangyang Cheng ◽

Xiaohui Du ◽

Bilin Zhang ◽

Junxia Zhang

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Atherosclerotic Disease ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed

Abstract Background Serum wnt1-induced signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) levels are increased with obesity, which is a common complication associated with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease (LEAD). However, to date, the relationship between elevated WISP1 levels and the incidence of lower extremity atherosclerotic disease (LEAD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. Methods 174 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in our study. Patients were divided into two groups, LEAD group (n=100) and control group (n=74). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and some biochemical parameters were obtained. Body composition was detected by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Levels of serum insulin were determined by radioimmunoassay. Serum WISP1 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results It was shown that serum WISP1 levels in diabetic patients with LEAD were higher than those without LEAD (P<0.001). Serum WISP1 levels were positively related with waist circumference (r=0.237, P=0.003), waist-hip ratio (r=0.22, P=0.006), visceral fat area (r=0.354, P<0.001), serum creatinine (r=0.192, P=0.012), interleukin 6 (r=0.182, P=0.032), c-reactive protein (r=0.681, P<0.001), triglycerides (r=0.119, P<0.001), fasting glucose (r=0.196, P=0.011), glycated hemoglobin (r=0.284, P<0.001), and HOMA-IR (r=0.285, P<0.026). Compared with the lowest tertile, the odds ratio of the middle tertile for LEAD incidence was 3.27 (95% CI, 1.24–8.64) and 4.46 (95% CI, 1.62–12.29) for the highest tertile after adjusting confounding factors. Conclusion The results suggest that increased serum WISP1 levels independently contribute to the incidence of LEAD in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.

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Plasma Folate Levels in Men with Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.75.5.307 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 307-311

Author(s):

Sakuta ◽

Suzuki ◽

Yasuda ◽

Ito

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Plasma Folate ◽

Normal Glucose ◽

Diagnosed Diabetes

Limited data suggest that folate levels are higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). We compared the fasting plasma folate, glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), and supplementary vitamin use among male subjects with NGT, those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), those with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and those with previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Plasma folate of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes and that of patients with previously diagnosed diabetes was significantly higher than that of NGT subjects (p < 0.001). Prevalence of vitamin use was lower in newly diagnosed or previously diagnosed diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic subjects. Self-rated vegetable intake was similar among the four groups. FPG, BMI, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure correlated with plasma folate levels independently of lifestyle factors studied. These results suggest that plasma folate levels are elevated in male diabetic patients independently of health-conscious behavior that is recommended for diabetic people.

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Decreased Serum Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Levels After Lifestyle Intervention in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-71479/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xingxing He ◽

Jiaorong Su ◽

Xiaojing Ma ◽

Jingyi Lu ◽

Yufei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽

Differentiation Factor

Abstract Background: Recent studies noted that circulating growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) were closely related to metabolic states. The study aimed to explore the changes of GDF15 levels and their influencing factors after 4 weeks of lifestyle intervention (LI) or LI combined with breakfast meal replacement (LI+MR) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: A total of 84 patients with available serum samples at both baseline and Week 4 were enrolled in this biomarker substudy. All subjects underwent a 2-hour 75g oral glucose tolerance test at baseline and Week 4. Serum GDF15 levels were determined by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After 4-weeks of LI, GDF15 levels overall significantly decreased compared with baseline (P<0.05). ∆GDF15 levels were significantly and negatively associated with baseline GDF15 levels (r=–0.450, P<0.001). The optimal cut-off point of baseline GDF15 levels for predicting a GDF15 decrease after 4-weeks of LI was 904.57 pg/ml, with an area under curve of 0.699. Based on the cut-off point of 900 pg/ml, patients with baseline GDF15 ≥900 pg/ml had significantly decreased GDF15 levels after LI, while those <900 pg/ml had no significant changes. Regression models showed that baseline GDF15 level was an independent positive factor for the improvement of fasting plasma glucose and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance only in patients with baseline GDF15 levels ≥900 pg/ml. Conclusions: LI led to significantly decreased GDF15 levels among patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and its effect was more significant among patients with baseline GDF15 levels ≥900 pg/ml.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02248714. Registered 25 September 2014 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02248714?term=NCT02248714&draw=2&rank=1

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Risk of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly participants with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001500 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e001500

Author(s):

Nobuo Sasaki ◽

Ryoji Ozono ◽

Ryo Maeda ◽

Yukihito Higashi

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Early Stage ◽

Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Early Stages

IntroductionLittle is known about the risk of hypertension in patients with the early stage of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the risk of hypertension in participants with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.Research design and methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study consisting of 2136 middle-aged participants (1022 with normal fasting glucose/normal glucose tolerance (NFG/NGT), 418 with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 466 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 230 with diabetes) and 3426 elderly participants (1762 with NFG/NGT, 599 with IFG, 781 with IGT, and 284 with diabetes). All participants underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests at baseline.ResultsOver a median 59-month follow-up period, 459 middle-aged and 1170 elderly participants developed hypertension. In middle-aged participants, the odds of incident hypertension were significantly higher in those with IFG (OR 1.40; p=0.019), IGT (OR 1.49; p=0.004), and diabetes (OR 1.55; p=0.013) than those with NFG/NGT, which was no longer significant after adjustment for body mass index. Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of hypertension was significantly higher in diabetes than NFG/NGT only in participants without obesity. Conversely, obesity was a risk factor of hypertension only in those with IFG and NFG/NGT. In elderly participants, there was no difference in the risk of hypertension among the NFG/NGT, IFG, IGT and diabetes groups.ConclusionsThe risk of hypertension is modest in participants with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. Our findings suggest that the early stages of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes may be a key period for reducing hypertension, given the pronounced risk of hypertension in patients with diabetes reported in previous studies. In terms of reducing the risk for hypertension, obesity treatment might be advantageous in the early stages rather than the advanced stages of impaired glucose metabolism.

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