scholarly journals Limnochemistry and Plankton Diversity in Some High Altitude Lakes of Kashmir Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Tajamul Islam ◽  
Shahid Ahmad Dar ◽  
Mohd Sharjeel Sofi ◽  
Sami Ullah Bhat ◽  
Inam Sabha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
High Altitude Lakes ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Quality Category ◽  
Plankton Diversity

High altitude lakes (HALs) of Kashmir Himalaya are the important ecosystems in the mountain ecology of the broader Hindukush Himalayan region. This article provides a comprehensive information about the plankton (phytoplankton and periphyton) assemblages, water quality (WQ), bathymetry, morphometry, and land use land cover (LULC) of some select high altitude mountain lakes of Kashmir Himalaya. LULC analysis revealed that the catchment of the lakes spread over an area of about 16179 ha, is covered by different land cover types dominated by pastures (50.8%), followed by barren rocky (32.6%), snow and glaciers (11.9%), lakes (2.5%), forest (2%), and streams (0.2%). Bathymetric and morphometric analysis revealed that the Gangbal Lake is the deepest (84 m) and largest (162.4 ha) among the investigated lakes. The water quality index revealed that all the HALs have the excellent water quality category. Statistical analysis (Wilk’s λ) depicted that nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2−-N), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP), and magnesium hardness (Mg-H) are responsible for major variability between all HALs sites. The cations followed the order of Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ while as anions followed the order as HCO3− > Cl− > SO42−. Algal composition (phytoplankton and periphyton) assessment revealed the presence of 61 taxa belonging to Bacillariophyceae (45), Chlorophyceae (14), Cyanophyceae (1), and Xanthophyceae (1). The higher dominance of Bacillariophyceae indicates oligotrophic nature of the lakes. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) highlighted the role of various water quality parameters like pH, EC, and TDS on the composition of phytoplankton and periphyton species among the lakes. The present study therefore generated a baseline database for some of the HALs of Kashmir Himalaya that can act as a precursor for more research on future changes in the lake ecosystems of the region.

scholarly journals Impact of Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in the Contribution Basin of Doutor João Penido Water Supply Reservoir of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Juliana Nazareth de Lana ◽  
Márcio de Oliveira ◽  
Vanessa Romario de Paula ◽  
Cézar Henrique Barra Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The City ◽  
Water Supply Reservoirs ◽  
Limnological Parameters

Changes in the land use and land cover in areas adjacent to water reservoirs directly affect the quality of this water. This research presents a study on the water quality in the basin of one of the most important public water supply reservoirs in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. The main objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of limnological parameters and the correlation with land use and land cover in the contribution basin of the Doutor João Penido reservoir (CBJPR). The methodology was based on the analysis of water quality parameters, related to water samples collected from 2012 to 2015. Six sampling points were chosen from different locations: spring, medium course, main tributaries of the reservoir and the reservoir catchment. The parameters analyzed were turbidity, total solids (TS), oxygen consumed (OC), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), E. Coli, temperature, pH and total dissolved solids (TDS). The Kendall’s tau test was used to analyze the correlations between the parameters of water quality, land use and land cover in the CBJPR. In general, measured parameters showed better results in spring and in reservoir catchment, showing a worse quality of the water along the tributaries and the dilution power of the reservoir. The correlations pointed to the need for protection and preservation of forests in strategic locations to ensure good water quality.

scholarly journals Extracting the spatio-temporal linkages between land use/land cover and water quality parameters using spatio-temporal weighted regression

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Farid Karimipour ◽  
Arash Madadi ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Bashough
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Studies in water quality management have indicated significant relationships between land use/land cover (LULC) variables and water quality parameters. Thus, understanding this linkage is essential in protecting and developing water resources. This article extends the conventional geographical weighted regression (GWR) to a temporal version in order to take both spatial and temporal variations of such linkages into account, which has been ignored by many of the previous efforts. The approach has been evaluated for total nitrates and nitrites' concentration as the case study. For this, observations of 45 water quality sampling stations were examined in a time interval of 20 years (1992–2011), and the linkages between LULC variables and NO2 + NO3 concentration were extracted through Pearson correlation coefficient as a global regression model, the conventional geographic weighted regression, and the proposed spatio-temporal weighted regression (STWR). Comparing the results based on two global criteria of goodness-of-fitness (R2) and residual sum of squares (RSS) verifies that the simultaneous consideration of spatial and temporal variations by STWR substantially improves the results.

scholarly journals Statistical Assessment of Water Quality Parameters for Pollution Source Identification in Sukhnag Stream: An Inflow Stream of Lake Wular (Ramsar Site), Kashmir Himalaya

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Aijaz Bhat ◽  
Gowhar Meraj ◽  
Sayar Yaseen ◽  
Ashok K. Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Maximum Similarity

The precursors of deterioration of immaculate Kashmir Himalaya water bodies are apparent. This study statistically analyzes the deteriorating water quality of the Sukhnag stream, one of the major inflow stream of Lake Wular. Statistical techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), regression analysis, and cluster analysis, were applied to 26 water quality parameters. PCA identified a reduced number of mean 2 varifactors, indicating that 96% of temporal and spatial changes affect the water quality in this stream. First factor from factor analysis explained 66% of the total variance between velocity, total-P, NO3–N, Ca2+, Na+, TS, TSS, and TDS. Bray-Curtis cluster analysis showed a similarity of 96% between sites IV and V and 94% between sites II and III. The dendrogram of seasonal similarity showed a maximum similarity of 97% between spring and autumn and 82% between winter and summer clusters. For nitrate, nitrite, and chloride, the trend in accumulation factor (AF) showed that the downstream concentrations were about 2.0, 2.0, and 2.9, times respectively, greater than upstream concentrations.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Surface Water Quality and Watershed Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Mansour Mohammadi ◽  
Mehdi Vafakhah ◽  
Mohammad Reza Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Catchment Characteristics

The healthy water resources are necessary and essential prerequisite for environmental protection and economic development, political, social and cultural rights of Iran. In this research, water quality parameters i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium absorption rate (SAR), electrical conductivity (EC), Na+, Cl-, CO32-, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, pH, HCO3- and SO42- during 2010-2011 were obtained from Iranian Water Resources Research Institute in water quality measurement stations on Mazandaran province, Iran. Then, the most important catchment characteristics (area, mean slope, mean height, base flow index, annual rainfall, land cover, and geology) were determined on water quality parameters using stepwise regression via backwards method in the 63 selected rivers. The results showed that sodium absorption rate (SAR), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), Na+ and Cl- parameters are strongly linked to geology characteristics, while K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ cations is linked to rainfall and geology characteristics. pH and HCO3- are related to area, rainfall, land cover and geology characteristics, CO32- is related to area, rainfall, rangeland area and geology characteristics and SO42- is related to area, rainfall, range and bar land area and geology characteristics. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was used for modeling the selected catchment characteristics and water quality parameters. The ANFIS models have a high Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE)  and low root mean squares error (RMSE) to estimate water quality parameters.

scholarly journals Spatio-seasonal variation of water quality influenced by land use and land cover in Lake Muhazi

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edovia Dufatanye Umwali ◽  
Alishir Kurban ◽  
Alain Isabwe ◽  
Richard Mind’je ◽  
Hossein Azadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation

AbstractUnderstanding the influence of land use/land cover (LULC) on water quality is pertinent to sustainable water management. This study aimed at assessing the spatio-seasonal variation of water quality in relation to land use types in Lake Muhazi, Rwanda. The National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) was used to evaluate the anthropogenically-induced water quality changes. In addition to Principal Components Analysis (PCA), a Cluster Analysis (CA) was applied on 12-clustered sampling sites and the obtained NSF-WQI. Lastly, the Partial Least Squares Path Modelling (PLS-PM) was used to estimate the nexus between LULC, water quality parameters, and the obtained NSF-WQI. The results revealed a poor water quality status at the Mugorore and Butimba sites in the rainy season, then at Mugorore and Bwimiyange sites in the dry season. Furthermore, PCA displayed a sample dispersion based on seasonality while NSF-WQI’s CA hierarchy grouped the samples corresponding to LULC types. Finally, the PLS-PM returned a strong positive correlation (+ 0.831) between LULCs and water quality parameters in the rainy season but a negative correlation coefficient (− 0.542) in the dry season, with great influences of cropland on the water quality parameters. Overall, this study concludes that the lake is seasonally influenced by anthropogenic activities, suggesting sustainable land-use management decisions, such as the establishment and safeguarding protection belts in the lake vicinity.

scholarly journals PLANKTON FERTILITY IN SUPPORTING FISH PRODUCTIVITY IN MONOTONOUS SWAMP IN HULU SUNGAI UTARA REGENCY

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Slamat Slamat
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
High Level ◽  
Plankton Diversity ◽  
Fish Productivity

This study was carried out in a monotonousswamp in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The purpose was to find out the plankton fertility in supporting fish productivity in the monotonous swamp to build a dynamic waterbody with all of its supporting aspects. The analyses were performed on plankton diversity, water quality parameters and fish production levels from 2009 to 2013. The results of ShannonWiener diversity index analysis for plankton in the swamp approximately exceeded the value (>2), indicating that the water condition was still good and fertile. The water quality parameters in the swamp were specific; blackish brown in color, acid, and having low level of oxygen with high ammonia concentration. The decreasing trends of fish productivity in the swamp were resulted from unselective fish catching, environmental pollutions and land-use changes converting the swamp areas into plantations and housing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop conservation areas to keep the primary productivity of the waterbody in high level, which would affect the increase in the productivity of swamp fish.

scholarly journals Water Quality of High-Altitude Lakes in the Sagarmatha (Everest) National Park, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (07) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Prasad Ghimire ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha ◽  
Gianumberto Caravello
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
National Park ◽  
High Altitude Lakes

scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DO USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA NOS PARÂMETROS DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO ABAÚNA, EM GETÚLIO VARGAS, RS

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassia Figur ◽  
Janete Teresinha Reis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Water Parameters

The water quality of a river basin dependent on numerous factors, whether natural or anthropogenic. Thus, this research aims to analyze the water quality parameters and the influence of land use and land cover in the watershed of Abaúna Rio, Brazil. The methodology made it possible to analyze the aquatic and terrestrial environment so as to achieve integration between the different uses and land cover and water parameters. For this, we used the satellite image Landsat 8, for that survey land use and land cover. The water parameters were: total suspended solids (TSS), water temperature (Temp.); hydrogen potential (pH); dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity and total coliforms. From the integrated assessment of aquatic and terrestrial environment, it was found that water most collection points falls within the rules of CONAMA, but not for human consumption and it became clear that the uses are not in accordance with the rules of Federal Forest code. Therefore, the uses are interfering in water quality by altering the physical, chemical and bacteriological. For the improvement of the entire watershed water quality it is important to implement the use of alternative and land cover for the preservation and restoration of riparian forest.

scholarly journals A Multiscale Framework for Deconstructing the Ecosystem Physical Template of High-Altitudes Lakes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragos G Zaharescu ◽  
Peter S Hooda ◽  
Carmen I Burghelea ◽  
Antonio Palanca-Soler
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
High Altitude Lakes ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Physical Elements

An ecosystem is generally sustained by a set of integrated physical elements forming a functional landscape unit - ecotope, which supplies nutrients, microclimate, and exchanges matter and energy with the wider environment. To better predict environmental change effects on ecosystems, particularly in critically sensitive regions such as high altitudes, it is imperative to recognise how their natural landscape heterogeneity works at different scales to shape habitats and sustain biotic communities prior to major changes. We conducted a comprehensive survey of catchment physical, geological and ecological properties of 380 high altitude lakes and ponds in the axial Pyrenees at a variety of scales, in order to formulate and test an integrated model encompassing major flows and interactions that drive lake ecosystems. Three composite drivers encompassed most of the variability in lake catchment characteristics. In order of total percentage of variance explained they were: (i) hydrology/hydrodynamics- responsible for type and discharge of inlets/outlets, and for water body size; (ii) bedrock geomorphology, summarizing geology, slope and fractal order- all dictating vegetation cover of catchment slope and lake shore, and the presence of aquatic vegetation; and, (iii) topography, i.e. catchment formation type- driving lakes connectivity, and the presence of summer snow deposits. While driver (i) appeared to be local, (ii) and (iii) showed gradient changes along altitude and latitude. These three drivers differentiated several lake ecotopes based on their landscape similarities. The three-driver model was successfully tested on a riparian vegetation composition dataset, further illustrating the validity and fundamental nature of the concept. The findings inform on the relative contribution of scale-dependent catchment physical elements to lake ecotope and ecosystem formation in high altitude lakes, which should be considered in any assessment of potentially major deleterious effects due to environmental/climate change.

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