Variation in Diurnal Patterns of Singing Activity Between Urban and Rural Great Tits

The documentation of diurnal patterns in body temperature in lions could be important because disruption of circadian patterns can be a useful measure of distress. This study quantified changes in body temperature of seven African lions (Panthera leo) at 5 min intervals during cold conditions from noon until the ingested body temperature loggers were expelled the next day. Thirteen loggers were fed to 11 lions during their daily noon feeding, while ambient temperatures were also recorded using six data loggers. The lions had continuous access to their dens and exercise pens during the day but were restricted to their heavily bedded dens that also contained a heat lamp from 23:00 until 08:00 the next day. Body temperatures averaged 37.95 ± 0.42 °C at 15:50, and 36.81 ± 0.17 °C at 06:50 the next day, 30 min before the first loggers passed from a lion, and were significantly different (t-test, t = 8.09, df = 6, p < 0.0003). The mean duration for the time of passage was 22 ± 2.69 (h ± SD), so future studies using the noninvasive feeding of temperature loggers need to consider that time frame.

Download Full-text

Mate Change Enhances Duetting Activity in the Siamang Gibbon (Hylobates Syndactulus)

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/156853986x00199 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 96 (1-2) ◽

pp. 17-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Thomas Geissmann

Keyword(s):

Pair Bonding ◽

Time Period ◽

Bonding Effect ◽

Before And After ◽

Mate Change ◽

The Status ◽

Partner Exchange ◽

Directed Learning ◽

Singing Activity

AbstractSiamang gibbons produce long and complex duet songs. The hypothesis that duetting may act as advertisement of the presence and the status of a mated pair has repeatedly been suggested for duetting birds. If a pair bonding effect of the duet is actually attained through a partner-directed learning effort resulting in a pair-specific duet, the learning investment should be concentrated into a time period as short as possible in order to avoid competitors. Therefore, after the formation of a new pair, an increase of singing activity should be expected. In order to test this prediction, the singing activity of a pair of captive siamang before and after a partner exchange was compared. In the newly formed pair, an increase in singing activity was observed. Additional observations on a second new pair show a similar trend. In this case, both new mates remained in their familiar place so that their singing activity was unlikely to be affected by the process of establishing a new territory.

Download Full-text

Atmospheric stability and diurnal patterns of aeolian saltation on the Llano Estacado

Aeolian Research ◽

10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.04.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 131-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

David Lanigan ◽

John Stout ◽

William Anderson

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Stability ◽

Diurnal Patterns ◽

Aeolian Saltation

Download Full-text

Seasonal and diurnal patterns in the dispersion of SO2 from Mt. Nyiragongo

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.030 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. 19-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Adam Dingwell ◽

Anna Rutgersson ◽

Björn Claremar ◽

Santiago Arellano ◽

Mathieu M. Yalire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diurnal Patterns

Download Full-text

Diurnal Patterns in Global Fine Particulate Matter Concentration

Environmental Science & Technology Letters ◽

10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00573 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 687-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Max I. Manning ◽

Randall V. Martin ◽

Christa Hasenkopf ◽

Joe Flasher ◽

Chi Li

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Diurnal Patterns ◽

Particulate Matter Concentration ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Matter Concentration

Download Full-text

A stochastic differential equation model of diurnal cortisol patterns

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.3.e450 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 280 (3) ◽

pp. E450-E461 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Emery N. Brown ◽

Patricia M. Meehan ◽

Arthur P. Dempster

Keyword(s):

Differential Equation ◽

Stochastic Differential Equation ◽

Plasma Cortisol ◽

Equation Model ◽

Plasma Cortisol Level ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Kinetic Properties ◽

Simulation Studies ◽

Physiological Factors ◽

Diurnal Patterns

Circadian modulation of episodic bursts is recognized as the normal physiological pattern of diurnal variation in plasma cortisol levels. The primary physiological factors underlying these diurnal patterns are the ultradian timing of secretory events, circadian modulation of the amplitude of secretory events, infusion of the hormone from the adrenal gland into the plasma, and clearance of the hormone from the plasma by the liver. Each measured plasma cortisol level has an error arising from the cortisol immunoassay. We demonstrate that all of these three physiological principles can be succinctly summarized in a single stochastic differential equation plus measurement error model and show that physiologically consistent ranges of the model parameters can be determined from published reports. We summarize the model parameters in terms of the multivariate Gaussian probability density and establish the plausibility of the model with a series of simulation studies. Our framework makes possible a sensitivity analysis in which all model parameters are allowed to vary simultaneously. The model offers an approach for simultaneously representing cortisol's ultradian, circadian, and kinetic properties. Our modeling paradigm provides a framework for simulation studies and data analysis that should be readily adaptable to the analysis of other endocrine hormone systems.

Download Full-text

Diurnal Patterns of DNA Synthesis in the Rat: Modification by Diet and Feeding Schedule

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/104.10.1234 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 104 (10) ◽

pp. 1234-1241 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Peter R. Dallman ◽

Robert A. Spirito ◽

Martti A. Shmes

Keyword(s):

Dna Synthesis ◽

Feeding Schedule ◽

Diurnal Patterns

Download Full-text

EFFECTS OF GROWING SEASON SOIL TEMPERATURE, MOISTURE, AND NH4-N ON SOIL NITROGEN

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss74-054 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 403-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

C. A. CAMPBELL ◽

D. W. STEWART ◽

W. NICHOLAICHUK ◽

V. O. BIEDERBECK

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Relationship ◽

Growing Season ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Soil N ◽

N Transformations ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Diurnal Patterns ◽

Multiple Regression Technique ◽

Time Required

Wood Mountain loam was wetted with water or (NH4)2SO4 solution to provide a factorial combination among three moisture and three NH4-N levels. Samples in polyethylene bags were incubated at 2.5-cm depths in fallow, and in an incubator that simulated the diurnal patterns of temperature fluctuation recorded in the field. During the growing season, treatments were sampled regularly for moisture, NO3− and exchangeable NH4-N. Similar determinations were made on in situ samples taken in fallow Wood Mountain loam. The incubator simulated the effects of growing season temperatures on soil N transformations satisfactorily. Pronounced increases or decreases in temperature led to flushes in N mineralization. However, in the 1972 growing season, temperature was suboptimal and temperature changes were generally small. Consequently, when a stepwise multiple regression technique was used to analyze the data, neither ammonification nor nitrification showed a quantitative relationship to temperature. Comparison of the nitrification occurring in laboratory-incubated soils with that occurring in situ led to the conclusion that 70 to 90% of the NO3-N produced in surface soil resulted from wetting and drying. Estimates of potentially ammonifiable soil N(No) and its rate of mineralization (k) were derived from cumulative ammonification by assuming that the laws of first-order kinetics were applicable. In the 10, 15, and 20% moisture treatments the average No was 27, 41, and 82 ppm, respectively. Under the conditions of this study, the time required to mineralize half of No was about 7 wk.

Download Full-text