scholarly journals Reconnecting the Elwha River: Spatial Patterns of Fish Response to Dam Removal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Duda ◽  
Christian E. Torgersen ◽  
Samuel J. Brenkman ◽  
Roger J. Peters ◽  
Kathryn T. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
River System ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Bull Trout ◽  
Elwha River

The removal of two large dams on the Elwha River was completed in 2014 with a goal of restoring anadromous salmonid populations. Using observations from ongoing field studies, we compiled a timeline of migratory fish passage upstream of each dam. We also used spatially continuous snorkeling surveys in consecutive years before (2007, 2008) and after (2018, 2019) dam removal during summer baseflow to assess changes in fish distribution and density over 65 km of the mainstem Elwha River. Before dam removal, anadromous fishes were limited to the 7.9 km section of river downstream of Elwha Dam, potamodromous species could not migrate throughout the river system, and resident trout were the most abundant species. After dam removal, there was rapid passage into areas upstream of Elwha Dam, with 8 anadromous species (Chinook, Coho, Sockeye, Pink, Chum, Winter Steelhead, Summer Steelhead, Pacific Lamprey, and Bull Trout) observed within 2.5 years. All of these runs except Chum Salmon were also observed in upper Elwha upstream of Glines Canyon Dam within 5 years. The spatial extent of fish passage by adult Chinook Salmon and Summer Steelhead increased by 50 km and 60 km, respectively, after dam removal. Adult Chinook Salmon densities in some previously inaccessible reaches in the middle section of the river exceeded the highest densities observed in the lower section of the river prior to dam removal. The large number (>100) of adult Summer Steelhead in the upper river after dam removal was notable because it was among the rarest anadromous species in the Elwha River prior to dam removal. The spatial extent of trout and Bull Trout remained unchanged after dam removal, but their total abundance increased and their highest densities shifted from the lower 25 km of the river to the upper 40 km. Our results show that reconnecting the Elwha River through dam removal provided fish access to portions of the watershed that had been blocked for nearly a century.

Re-awakening dormant life history variation: stable isotopes indicate anadromy in bull trout following dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 1659-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
Morgan H. Bond ◽  
Samuel J. Brenkman ◽  
Rebecca Paradis ◽  
Roger J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Life History ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Bull Trout ◽  
Life History Variation ◽  
Elwha River

Juvenile Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, use of the Elwha river estuary prior to dam removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Quinn ◽  
J. Anne Shaffer ◽  
Justin Brown ◽  
Nicole Harris ◽  
Chris Byrnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Elwha River ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Chinook

Use of genetic markers to aid in re-establishing migratory connectivity in a fragmented metapopulation of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1952-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. DeHaan ◽  
Shana R. Bernall ◽  
Joseph M. DosSantos ◽  
Lawrence L. Lockard ◽  
William R. Ardren
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Bull Trout ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Salvelinus Confluentus ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Spawning Tributaries ◽  
Analysis Protocol

Dams and other barriers fragment important migratory corridors for bull trout ( Salvelinus confluentus ) across the species range. Three dams constructed without fish passage facilities prevented migratory bull trout in the Lake Pend Oreille and Clark Fork River system in Idaho and Montana, USA, from returning to their natal spawning tributaries for nearly 100 years. We genotyped bull trout from 39 spawning tributaries to assemble a baseline data set that we used to develop a real-time genotyping and analysis protocol to assist with upstream fish transport decisions. Self-assignment tests and analysis of blind samples indicated that unknown individuals could be assigned to their region of origin with a high degree of confidence. From 2004 to 2010, genetic assignments were conducted for 259 adult bull trout collected below mainstem dams. Based on genetic assignments, 203 fish were transported upstream above one or more dams. This protocol has helped re-establish connectivity in a fragmented system, providing increased numbers of spawning adults for numerically depressed populations above the dams. We discuss the utility of genetic data for assisting with upstream passage decisions.

Rapid Recolonization and Life History Responses of Bull Trout Following Dam Removal in Washington's Elwha River

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Brenkman ◽  
Roger J. Peters ◽  
Roger A. Tabor ◽  
Joshua J. Geffre ◽  
Kathryn T. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Bull Trout ◽  
Elwha River

Estimates of Sediment Load Prior to Dam Removal in the Elwha River, Clallam County, Washington

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Curran ◽  
Christopher P. Konrad ◽  
Johnna L. Higgins ◽  
Mark K. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Load ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Elwha River

Effects of Native Plant Species, Mycorrhizal Inoculum, and Mulch on Restoration of Reservoir Sediment Following Dam Removal, Elwha River, Olympic Peninsula, Washington

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerri L. Cook ◽  
Wesley W. Wallender ◽  
Caroline S. Bledsoe ◽  
Gregory Pasternack ◽  
Shrini K. Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Olympic Peninsula ◽  
Reservoir Sediment ◽  
Elwha River ◽  
Native Plant Species

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal dynamics of glacial lakes (1990–2018) in the Kashmir Himalayas, India using Remote Sensing and GIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayees Ahmed ◽  
Gowhar Farooq Wani ◽  
Syed Towseef Ahmad ◽  
Riyaz Ahmad Mir ◽  
Mansour Almazroui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Glacial Lakes ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

AbstractThis study is perhaps the first attempt to use satellite data (1990–2018) to analyze spatiotemporal changes in glacial lakes over the Kashmir Himalayas supplemented by field studies. Landsat images were used to delineate the spatial extent of glacial lakes at four-time points, i.e., 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018. The total count of lakes as well as their spatial extent showed a discernible increase. The number increased from 253 in 1990 to 324 in 2018, with a growth rate of 21.4%. The area has increased from 18.84 ± 0.1 km2 in 1990 to 22.13 ± 0.12 km2 in 2018 with a growth rate of 14.7%. The newly formed glacial lakes, including supraglacial lakes, were greater in number than the lakes that disappeared over the study period. All glacial lakes are situated at elevations of 2700 m asl and 4500 m asl. More than 78% of lake expansion in the study region is largely due to the growth of existing glacial lakes. Through area change analysis, our findings reveal that certain lakes show rapid expansion needing immediate monitoring and observation. The analysis of the meteorological variables reveals that minimum and maximum temperatures in the Jhelum basin have shown an increasing trend. Tmax showed an increase of 1.25 °C, whereas Tmin increased to 0.7 °C from 1980 to 2020. On the other hand, precipitation has shown a decreasing trend, which can be attributed to one of the major causes of glacier recession and the expansion of glacial lakes in the Upper Jhelum basin. Consequently, this study could play a significant role in devising a comprehensive risk assessment plan for potential Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and developing a mechanism for continuous monitoring and management of lakes in the study region.

The Ecology and Management of Wood in World Rivers

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
General Framework ◽  
River System ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Rivers ◽  
Trapping Sites

<em>Abstract.</em>—A landscape perspective of wood in world rivers accounts for spatial and temporal patterns of sources of wood from streamside forests, processes of wood delivery to channels, transport of wood through river networks, and trapping sites of wood. Amounts of wood in a river system also depend on productivity of forests in source areas and decomposition rates. Collectively, these factors determine the amount and arrangement of individual pieces and accumulations of wood through a river network, which, in turn, affect ecological, geomorphic, social, and other features of rivers. Research to date deals with subsets of these components of wood in rivers, but there has been limited development of a general framework for wood in river networks. This chapter considers a framework for examining the arrangement of wood in river landscapes and how it may reflect the history of spatial patterns and timing of wood input and redistribution. Field studies provide examples of different spatial patterns and architectures of wood accumulations. Wood accumulations are shaped by input processes, trapping sites, and transport processes. Reaches in river networks may switch from wood patterns dominated by one set of controls to another because of gradual or abrupt input and redistribution. A framework for future studies and management includes interpretation of these different controls through time and over river networks.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document