scholarly journals Health and Gender Inequalities of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Adverse Impacts on Women's Health, Wealth and Social Welfare

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Guerrina ◽  
Bettina Borisch ◽  
Leigh F. Callahan ◽  
Jeremy Howick ◽  
Jean-Yves Reginster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
And Gender

In this paper we discuss the nexus of health and gender inequalities associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight its adverse impacts on women's health, welfare and social standing. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the link between socio-economic inequalities and health outcomes, especially in the area of rheumatic and musculoskeletal (RMDs) diseases. Women are more adversely affected by RMDs diseases compared to men. Epidemiological research carried out over several decades has demonstrated the presence of clear gender patterns in the manifestation of musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SS) and osteoporosis (OP). The public health measures that have been adopted to curb the spread of Sars-COV-2 are expected to have a particularly detrimental impact on women in the long term precisely because of the nexus between health outcomes and socio-economic structures. Moreover, the prioritization of urgent care will further compound this effect. COVID-19 has created a condition of ontological insecurity that is becoming increasingly manifested through various chronic diseases and associated comorbidities. RMDs and their impact on mobility and the ability of individuals to be independent, happy and mobile is a key public health challenge in the post-COVID-19 reality and a key part of the ongoing pandemic. There is an urgent need to engage with policymakers to publicize and prioritize this problem and develop viable solutions to address it.

Only Women Bleed: Menstruation, Women and Public Health

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Lynn Holt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Current Medical ◽  
Biological Entity ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Scientific Medicine ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Significant Life

Menarche for women is a significant life event. How a women perceives herself throughout her life can be influenced by her experience and attitude to this event. Menstruation has been successfully pathologised by scientific medicine, and the notion of women as biologically defective has contributed to gender inequalities. A feminist framework for exploring the current medical ideology of women as a biological entity will be addressed by this paper, and the consequences this may have for women's health and public health practise will be addressed.

scholarly journals Influence of Macrosocial Policies on Women's Health and Gender Inequalities in Health

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Borrell ◽  
L. Palencia ◽  
C. Muntaner ◽  
M. Urquia ◽  
D. Malmusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Women’s health and gender perspectives in the history of modern Norwegian epidemiology

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Schei ◽  
Berit Rostad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Gendered Patterns ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

In this chapter, we will discuss selected aspects of the impact of women’s movement on the development<br />of modern epidemiology in Norway based on the experiences of leading a research program in Women’s<br />Health (RPWH, 1991-96) aimed at mapping and assessing gender based public health research in Norway,<br />and the establishment in 1997 of a research group in Women’s Health at the Department of Public Health<br />and General Practice, NTNU. During the 1990s, several steps were taken both internationally as well as<br />nationally to ensure that diseases which were affecting men and women unequally were given adequate<br />attention. Examples of such diseases include osteoporosis and hip fractures. Studies of diseases seen as a<br />typically men’s, such as coronary heart disease, were often conducted exclusively on men. The inclusion<br />and separate analysis based on gender, and the establishment of special cohorts of women, yielded a more<br />complex understanding. Further the gender perspective revealed gendered patterns of risks. Traditionally<br />risks such as cigarette smoking were shown to have a differential effect dependent on gender. Perinatal<br />epidemiology, traditionally used to assess outcomes related to the new-born, were expanded to also assess<br />impact of pregnancy on women themselves during and after childbirth. Disorders such as pelvic pain,<br />urinary and anal incontinence as well as fear of pregnancy and depression during and after childbirth came<br />to the attention of researchers. New risks were uncovered as women started to disclose the experience of<br />violence and abuse both as adult and when growing up. <br />

scholarly journals Understanding the Spatial-Related Abstraction of Public Health Impact Goals and Measures: Illustrated by the Example of the Austrian Action Plan on Women’s Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Tatjana Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Policy Paper ◽  
High Degree

The influence of spatial aspects on people’s health is internationally proven by a wealth of empirical findings. Nevertheless, questions concerning public health still tend to be negotiated among social and health scientists. This was different in the elaboration of the Austrian Action Plan on Women’s Health (AAPWH). On the example of the target group of older women, it is shown whether and to what extent the inclusion of the spatial planning perspective in the discussion of impact goals and measures is reflected in the respective inter-ministerial policy paper. The retrospective analysis on the basis of a document analysis of the AAPWH and qualitative interviews with public health experts who were also invited to join, or rather were part of, the expert group, brings to light the following key reasons for the high degree of spatial-related abstraction of the content of this strategic health policy paper: the requirement for general formulations, the lack of public and political awareness for the different living situations in different spatial archetypes, and the lack of external perception of spatial planning as a key discipline with regard to the creation of equivalent living conditions. Nonetheless, this research has promoted the external perception of spatial planning as a relevant discipline in public health issues in Austria. Furthermore, first thematic starting points for an in-depth interdisciplinary dialogue were identified.

Article 18: Women's Health Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. e8
Author(s):  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Wanna Mar ◽  
Karen Yoshida ◽  
Michael Escobar ◽  
Nora Cullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health

scholarly journals The Role of Gender Power Relations on Women’s Health Outcomes: Evidence from a Maternal Health Coverage Survey in Simiyu Region, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Garrison-Desany ◽  
Emily Wilson ◽  
Melinda Munos ◽  
Talata Sawadogo-Lewis ◽  
Abdoulaye Maïga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Directed Acyclic Graphs ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Gender Power

Abstract Background: Gender is a crucial consideration of human rights that impacts many priority maternal health outcomes. However, gender is often only reported in relation to sex-disaggregated data in health coverage surveys. Few coverage surveys to date have integrated a more expansive set of gender-related questions and indicators, especially in low- to middle-income countries that have high levels of reported gender inequality. Objective: Using various gender-sensitive indicators, we investigated the role of gender power relations within households on women’s health outcomes in Simiyu region, Tanzania. Methods: We assessed 34 questions around gender dynamics reported by men and women against 18 women’s health outcomes. We created directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to theorize the relationship between indicators, outcomes, and sociodemographic covariates. We grouped gender variables into four categories using an established gender framework: (1) women’s decision-making, (2) household labor-sharing, (3) women’s resource access, and (4) norms/beliefs. Gender indicators that were most proximate to the health outcomes in the DAG were tested using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.Results: The overall percent agreement of gender-related indicators within couples was 68.6%. The lowest couple concordance was a woman’s autonomy to decide to see family/friends without permission from her husband/partner (40.1%). A number of relationships between gender-related indicators and health outcomes emerged: questions from the decision-making domain were found to play a large role in women’s health outcomes, and condoms and contraceptive outcomes had the most robust relationship with gender indicators. Women who reported being able to make their own health decisions were 1.57 times (95% CI: 1.12, 2.20) more likely to use condoms. Women who reported that they decide how many children they had also reported high contraception use (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.39). Seeking care at the health facility was also associated with women’s autonomy for making major household purchases (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.62). Conclusions: The association between decision-making and other gender domains with women’s health outcomes highlights the need for heightened attention to gender dimensions of intervention coverage in maternal health. Future studies should integrate and analyze gender-sensitive questions within coverage surveys.

scholarly journals Exploring the Linkages between Substance Use, Natural Disasters, Pandemics, and Intimate Partner Violence against Women: A Rapid Review in the Context of COVID-19

Sexes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-522
Author(s):  
Andreea C. Brabete ◽  
Lindsay Wolfson ◽  
Julie Stinson ◽  
Nancy Poole ◽  
Sarah Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

Rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance use have risen during the COVID-19 pandemic, with potentially enduring effects on women’s health. A rapid review was conducted on IPV and women’s substance use in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid review explored two separate research questions with a view to integrate the literature related to: (1) containment, social isolation, pandemics, disasters, lockdowns, and IPV; and (2) the relationships between substance use and IPV. Two different searches for each question were conducted between May and October 2020 and n = 47 articles were included. Women experience multiple physical and mental health consequences related to IPV that can be exacerbated by public health crises such as pandemics and disasters. Perpetrators may use these events as a tactic to threaten, isolate, or use coercive control. Similar tactics are reported in the complex relationship between IPV and substance use, where substance use can accompany IPV and/or be used as a coping mechanism for survivors. The findings highlight long standing women’s health concerns made further visible during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional research is needed to identify actions required to reduce gender inequities and harms associated with IPV and substance use, and to adequately tailor and prepare effective responses in the context of future public health crises.

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