Comparison of Clinical Features and CT Temporal Changes Between Familial Clusters and Non-familial Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and chest computed tomography (CT) findings of familial cluster (FC) and non-familial (NF) patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.Methods: This retrospective study included 178 symptomatic adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. The 178 patients were divided into FC (n = 108) and NF (n = 70) groups. Patients with at least two confirmed COVID-19 cases in their household were classified into the FC group. The clinical and laboratory features between the two groups were compared and so were the chest CT findings on-admission and end-hospitalization.Results: Compared with the NF group, the FC group had a longer period of exposure (13.1 vs. 8.9 days, p < 0.001), viral shedding (21.5 vs. 15.9 days, p < 0.001), and hospital stay (39.2 vs. 22.2 days, p < 0.001). The FC group showed a higher number of involved lung lobes on admission (3.0 vs. 2.3, p = 0.017) and at end-hospitalization (3.6 vs. 1.7, p < 0.001) as well as higher sum severity CT scores at end-hospitalization (4.6 vs. 2.7, p = 0.005) than did the NF group. Conversely, the FC group had a lower lymphocyte count level (p < 0.001) and a significantly lower difference in the number of involved lung lobes (Δnumber) between admission and discharge (p < 0.001). Notably, more cases of severe or critical illness were observed in the FC group than in the NF group (p = 0.036).Conclusions: Patients in the FC group had a worse clinical course and outcome than those in the NF group; thus, close monitoring during treatment and follow-ups after discharge would be beneficial for patients with familial infections.

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Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity

Chest Disease Reports ◽

10.4081/cdr.2011.e6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Junichi Ochi ◽

Minoru Ohkouchi ◽

Yoshikazu Tsukada ◽

Shinichiro Tominaga ◽

Satoshi Takayama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Medical Records ◽

Lung Biopsy ◽

Pulmonary Toxicity ◽

Ground Glass Opacity ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Findings ◽

The Mean ◽

Foamy Macrophages

Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity is a critical and potentially fatal side effect of amiodarone. Our study was designed to reveal its clinical features, including KL-6, as an interstitial marker. The medical records of eight patients (five men and three women) with amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity, who had been referred to our hospital, were examined. The mean age at the initiation of amiodarone was 48 years (range, 54-87 years) and mean duration of medication prior to the development of pulmonary toxicity was 18 months (range, 7-33 months). Serum KL-6 was elevated in six of the eight patients with a range of 525-2915 U/mL. Chest computed tomography (CT) findings showed non-segmental consolidation and/or ground glass opacity. Foamy macrophages were found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids of all examined patients and in transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimens in half of the examined patients. We concluded that serum KL-6, chest CT findings, and foamy macrophages in BAL fluids and TBLB specimens will be helpful for the diagnosis of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity.

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Chest CT Imaging Characteristics of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Surviving and Non-Surviving Hospitalized Patients: A Retrospective Study in a Referral Center in Tehran, Iran

Iranian Journal of Radiology ◽

10.5812/iranjradiol.106339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Besharat ◽

Fatemehsadat Rahimi ◽

Siamak Afaghi ◽

Farzad Esmaeili Tarki ◽

Fatemeh Pourmotahari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pleural Effusion ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Early Management ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Imaging Characteristics ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chest Ct Scan ◽

Lung Lobes

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has several chest computed tomography (CT) characteristics, which are important for the early management of this disease, because viral detection via RT-PCR can be time-consuming, resulting in a delayed pneumonia diagnosis. The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) proposed a reporting language for CT findings related to COVID-19 and defined four CT categories: typical, indeterminate, atypical, and negative. Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the chest CT characteristics of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients and Methods: A total of 115 hospitalized laboratory-verified COVID-19 cases, underdoing chest CT scan, were included in this study from April 30 to May 15, 2020. Of 115 cases, 53 were discharged from the hospital, and 62 expired. The initial clinical features and chest CT scans were assessed for the type, pattern, distribution, and frequency of lesions. Moreover, the findings were compared between ward-hospitalized, ICU-admitted, and non-surviving (expired) patients. Results: Of four CT categories, typical CT findings for COVID-19 were more frequent in the expired group (77.4%), compared to the ward-admitted (44.8%) and ICU-admitted (70.8%) groups (P = 0.017). However, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of intermediate or atypical CT findings between the groups. Negative CT scans for the diagnosis of COVID-19 were significantly fewer in the expired group (0%) as compared to the ward-admitted (10.3%) and ICU-admitted (8.3%) groups (P = 0.0180). Also, the mean number of involved lung lobes and segments was significantly higher in the expired group compared to the other two groups (P = 0.032 and 0.010, respectively). The right upper lobe involvement, right middle lobe involvement, bilateral involvement, central lesion, air bronchogram, and pleural effusion were among CT scan findings with a significantly higher prevalence in non-surviving cases (P < 0.0001, 0.047, 0.01, 0.036, 0.038, and 0.047, respectively). Conclusion: The increased number of involved lung lobes and segments, bilateral and central distribution patterns, air bronchogram, and severe pleural effusion in the initial chest CT scan can be related to the increased severity and poor prognosis of COVID-19.

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Changes in liver function in patients with covid-19 and the demographics of the disease in a mid-sized city of Turkey: A retrospective analysis

Medical Science and Discovery ◽

10.36472/msd.v7i12.442 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 739-744

Author(s):

Huseyin Avni Demir

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Test Results ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Icu Patients ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

The Mean ◽

Significant Mortality

Objective: To define the clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in ICU and ward and to evaluate the significance of liver function test results. A new disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been devastating the world affecting millions of patients worldwide and leading the significant mortality and morbidity. Material and Methods: The demographic features of a cohort of 125 hospitalized patients between March 2020 and May 2020 were recorded. The clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and mortality rates were analyzed. Results: A total of 125 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 diagnosis where 113 (90.4%) were followed-up in the ward and 12 (9.6%) were in ICU were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 44.05±16.95 and 88 (70.4%) of the patients were male. The most common symptoms were in the following order: cough in 80 patients (64%), dyspnea in 40 (32%) and fever in 33 (26.4%). The leukocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in ICU patients with COVID-19 compared to patients in the ward (p=0.002, p<0.05; respectively). The CRP and D-Dimer levels were found elevated in ICU patients with COVID-19 than in the ward (p<0.05; p<0.05, respectively). The AST level of patients with COVID-19 in ICU was significantly heightened than patients in the ward. Conclusion: The present study revealed that patients with elevated AST level were at great risk of progressing to severe disease those require close monitoring.

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Rasmussen’s Aneurysm, Rare yet Acknowledged Cause of Massive Hemoptysis: Retrospective Review of 16 Cases

Kosin Medical Journal ◽

10.7180/kmj.2021.36.2.136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 136-143

Author(s):

Seungwoo Chung ◽

I Re Heo ◽

Tae Hoon Kim ◽

Sun Mi Ju ◽

Jung-Wan Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Conservative Therapy ◽

Bronchial Artery ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Massive Hemoptysis ◽

Bronchial Artery Embolization ◽

Artery Embolization ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Life Threatening ◽

History Of

Objectives: Rasmussen’s aneurysm may cause life-threatening hemoptysis. We investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with hemoptysis and Rasmussen’s aneurysm.Methods: We retrospectively investigated patients who clinically presented with hemoptysis and were diagnosed with a Rasmussen’s aneurysm on spiral chest computed tomography (CT).Results: Our study included 16 patients (men:women, 12:4; mean age, 65.25 ± 13.0 years). Massive hemoptysis was observed in nine patients (56%) and blood-tinged sputum in four patients (25%). Ten patients (62.5%) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, and three patients (18.7%) had underlying lung cancer. Chest CT revealed coexisting fungal balls in seven patients (43.7%). Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) was performed in 12 patients (75%). One patient died of uncontrolled massive hemoptysis.Conclusions: Patients with Rasmussen’s aneurysm showed hemoptysis during the course of the disease; however, bleeding can be controlled with conservative therapy and radiological interventions, such as BAE.

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COVID-19 pneumonia: The first two chest CTs in the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute

The ASEAN Journal of Radiology ◽

10.46475/aseanjr.2020.10 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 69-81

Author(s):

Panyaros Kongpanya ◽

Parichut Vongthawatchai ◽

Priyanut Atiburanakul ◽

Nayot Panitanum ◽

Patama Suttha

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Ground Glass Opacity ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Lung Involvement ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Infectious Disease Institute ◽

The World ◽

Bilateral Lung ◽

Interlobular Septal Thickening

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to spread rapidly around the world. We reported the first two cases of COVID-19 pneumonia who had the chest computed tomography (CT) performed at the Bamrasnaradura Infectious Disease Institute (BIDI). The chest CT findings in the two patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed bilateral lung involvement, multifocal involvement, peripheral distribution, ground glass opacity (GGO), consolidation and GGO with interlobular septal thickening (“crazy-paving” pattern). The chest CT findings in these patients are nonspecific and overlapped with other diseases.

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Spectrum of Chest CT Findings in a Familial Cluster of COVID-19 Infection

Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging ◽

10.1148/ryct.2020200025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. e200025 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tianzhu Liu ◽

Peikai Huang ◽

Hailong Liu ◽

Lesheng Huang ◽

Ming Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chest Ct ◽

Familial Cluster ◽

Ct Findings

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Characterization of an Asymptomatic Cohort of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infected Individuals Outside of Wuhan, China

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa629 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (16) ◽

pp. 2132-2138 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yubo Wang ◽

Yong He ◽

Jin Tong ◽

Yalan Qin ◽

Ting Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Close Contact ◽

Index Patient ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Normal Chest ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

The Impact

Abstract Purpose We aimed to further clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Methods We identified close contacts of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in northeast Chongqing, China, who were confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-positive (RT-PCR+). We stratified this cohort by normal vs abnormal findings on chest computed tomography (CT) and compared the strata regarding comorbidities, demographics, laboratory findings, viral transmission and other factors. Results Between January 2020 and March 2020, we identified and hospitalized 279 RT-PCR+ contacts of COVID-19 patients. 63 (23%) remained asymptomatic until discharge; 29 had abnormal and 34 had normal chest CT findings. The mean cohort age was 39.3 years, and 87.3% had no comorbidities. Mean time to diagnosis after close contact with a COVID-19 index patient was 16.0 days, and it was 13.4 days and 18.7 days for those with abnormal and normal CT findings, respectively (P < .05). Nine patients (14.3%) transmitted the virus to others; 4 and 5 were in the abnormal and normal CT strata, respectively. The median length of time for nucleic acid to turn negative was 13 days compared with 10.4 days in those with normal chest CT scans (P < .05). Conclusions A portion of asymptomatic individuals were capable of transmitting the virus to others. Given the frequency and potential infectiousness of asymptomatic infections, testing of traced contacts is essential. Studies of the impact of treatment of asymptomatic RT-PCR+ individuals on disease progression and transmission should be undertaken.

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Chest Computed Tomography Findings in a Case Series of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients at Siriraj Hospital

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand ◽

10.35755/jmedassocthai.2021.05.12395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 (5) ◽

pp. 866-871

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Medical Records ◽

Case Series ◽

Ground Glass Opacity ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Ground Glass ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Siriraj Hospital ◽

Chest Ct Scan

Background: Recent evidence has demonstrated the high sensitivity of chest computed tomography (CT) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case detection. However, considering the cost and infection control issues, the experience of chest CT for COVID-19 diagnosis in Thailand is still limited. Objective: To present the characteristics of chest CT findings in COVID-19 patients at Siriraj Hospital and compare them with other reports. Materials and Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed the COVID-19 patients’ medical records between April and May 2020. All cases with the presence of chest CT performed during admission were recruited. Clinical data were retrieved from the patients’ medical records. All chest imaging results were reported by consensus between the authors. Results: From 103 cases, four cases with a chest CT scan during the admission were recruited. Consistent with previous reports, the common chest CT findings included a ground-glass opacity and consolidation with bilateral involvement. A round-shaped ground-glass opacity or consolidation was evidenced in half of the cases. The only case with the presence of chest CT scan, which was done 77 days after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms, revealed resolution of the abnormal findings. Conclusion: Chest CT findings in four COVID-19 cases at Siriraj Hospital are consistent with previous reports. Common findings include bilateral ground-glass opacity and consolidation. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Computed tomography, Case series

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Chest Computed Tomography Findings in COVID-19 and Influenza: A Narrative Review

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/6928368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stephen O. Onigbinde ◽

Ademola S. Ojo ◽

Linwald Fleary ◽

Robert Hage

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

Random Distribution ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Influenza Epidemic ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Pleural Thickening ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Chest Ct Scan ◽

Ct Features

Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic and annual influenza epidemic are responsible for thousands of deaths globally. With a similarity in clinical as well as laboratory findings, there is a need to differentiate these two conditions on chest CT scan. This paper attempts to use existing literature to draw out differences in chest CT findings in COVID-19 and influenza. Methods. A search was conducted using PubMed. 17 original studies on chest CT findings in COVID-19 and influenza were identified for full-text review and data analysis. Findings. COVID-19 and influenza share similar chest CT findings. The differences found show that COVID-19 ground-glass opacities are usually peripherally located with the lower lobes being commonly involved, while influenza has a central, peripheral, or random distribution usually affecting the five lobes. Vascular engorgement, pleural thickening, and subpleural lines were reported in COVID-19 patients. In contrast, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax were reported only in studies on influenza. Conclusion and Relevance. COVID-19 and influenza have overlapping chest CT features with few differences which can assist in telling apart the two pathologies. Additional studies are needed to further define the differences and degree between COVID-19 and influenza.

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