scholarly journals Case Report: A Severe and Multi-Site Nocardia farcinica Infection Rapidly and Precisely Identified by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengfan Jiao ◽  
Xiang Deng ◽  
Hongfu Yang ◽  
Junqiang Dong ◽  
Jun Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Nocardia Farcinica ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Nocardia genus is an aerobic, gram-positive, and opportunistic pathogen, which mainly affects cell-mediated immunosuppressed patients. Early diagnosis and treatment greatly improve prognosis. However, the limitation of golden standard-bacterial culture exists. Here, we report a 61-year-old male with pneumonia, sepsis and intermuscular abscesses induced by Nocardia farcinica. Venous blood culture reported negative results. Former improper diagnosis and treatment did not improve his condition. With the assistant of metagenomic next-generation sequencing, the pathogen was identified as Nocardia farcinica. He was then applied with accurate treatment and had a remarkable clinical and radiological improvement.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Sequencing in Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Dario de Biase ◽  
Matteo Fassan ◽  
Umberto Malapelle
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Tumor Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Multiple Genes ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Very High ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
High Depth

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) allows for the sequencing of multiple genes at a very high depth of coverage [...]

scholarly journals Clinical practice guidance for next‐generation sequencing in cancer diagnosis and treatment (Edition 1.0)

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 2980-2985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniko Sunami ◽  
Hideaki Takahashi ◽  
Katsuya Tsuchihara ◽  
Masayuki Takeda ◽  
Tatsuya Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Generation Sequencing

scholarly journals Propionibacterium acnes: Disease-Causing Agent or Common Contaminant? Detection in Diverse Patient Samples by Next-Generation Sequencing

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 980-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mollerup ◽  
Jens Friis-Nielsen ◽  
Lasse Vinner ◽  
Thomas Arn Hansen ◽  
Stine Raith Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Data ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Propionibacterium acnesis the most abundant bacterium on human skin, particularly in sebaceous areas.P. acnesis suggested to be an opportunistic pathogen involved in the development of diverse medical conditions but is also a proven contaminant of human clinical samples and surgical wounds. Its significance as a pathogen is consequently a matter of debate. In the present study, we investigated the presence ofP. acnesDNA in 250 next-generation sequencing data sets generated from 180 samples of 20 different sample types, mostly of cancerous origin. The samples were subjected to either microbial enrichment, involving nuclease treatment to reduce the amount of host nucleic acids, or shotgun sequencing. We detected high proportions ofP. acnesDNA in enriched samples, particularly skin tissue-derived and other tissue samples, with the levels being higher in enriched samples than in shotgun-sequenced samples.P. acnesreads were detected in most samples analyzed, though the proportions in most shotgun-sequenced samples were low. Our results show thatP. acnescan be detected in practically all sample types when molecular methods, such as next-generation sequencing, are employed. The possibility of contamination from the patient or other sources, including laboratory reagents or environment, should therefore always be considered carefully whenP. acnesis detected in clinical samples. We advocate that detection ofP. acnesalways be accompanied by experiments validating the association between this bacterium and any clinical condition.

scholarly journals Severe pulmonary co-infection with varicella-zoster virus, Pneumocystis jirovecii and Cytomegalovirus: a case report

2022 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 030006052110707
Author(s):  
Zhijiang Qi ◽  
Yanting Sun ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Yingjie Wang ◽  
Haining Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Pneumocystis jirovecii, Cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus are all opportunistically infective pathogens, but pulmonary co-infection with these pathogens is rare. Herein, this case report describes a patient with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia treated with methylprednisolone and cyclosporine that presented with rapidly progressive severe respiratory failure. Analysis of microbial nucleic acid sequences in both blood and sputum using next-generation sequencing revealed pulmonary co-infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii, varicella-zoster virus, and possibly Cytomegalovirus. After timely targeted and supportive treatments, the patient recovered. This case report highlights the imaging features of co-infection with these pathogens, the importance of next-generation sequencing for early diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients, and the effects of corticosteroid therapy.

scholarly journals 667. Next Generation Sequencing of Microbial Cell Free DNA in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease in Children: When Does the Result Justify the Cost?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S436-S436
Author(s):  
Rachel Downey Quick ◽  
Kelli A Martinez ◽  
Susan M Russo ◽  
Sarah E McGwier ◽  
Rachel A Quirt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background Pathogen testing using next-generation sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA (NGS cfDNA) is a promising diagnostic tool to identify pathogens that might not be detected using conventional lab evaluation. Considering the cost of this test, it is important to determine when it is most useful to the plan of care (POC). Figure 1. Unit of admission among cases Figure 2. Patient characteristics in cases determined to be valuable and not valuable to the plan of care (POC) Methods In this retrospective study, we collected data from the medical charts of 50 consecutive NGS cfDNA tests in a free-standing children’s hospital. We evaluated patients for demographics, underlying conditions, diagnosis at time of testing, conventional laboratory testing and timing, medical treatment, and NGS cfDNA test results for clinical relevance or false negative results compared to conventional testing. The primary goal was to identify patients for whom the NGS cfDNA testing affected the POC. Charts were reviewed, and determinations regarding whether the result influenced the POC were confirmed by a provider. Results We were unable to differentiate patients with clinically valuable NGS cfDNA results (Fig 1 & 2). Among those with NGS cfDNA results valuable to the POC (n=22), both negative and positive testing guided POC (13 valuable negative vs. 9 diagnostic cases). In the total sample, 5 cases (10%) had a clinically relevant pathogen identified through conventional testing, but not through NGS cfDNA and 2 cases had antimicrobial resistance on culture, which is not detected by NGS cfDNA. Conclusion While we did not find a specific clinical profile for NGS cfDNA use, positive results were essential to the diagnosis in 18% of cases with otherwise negative laboratory evaluation for the pathogen identified in NGS cfDNA. Negative tests affected the POC in 26% of cases by avoiding unnecessary antimicrobials in high risk immunocompromised patients and patients that presented with low-risk of infection, but unclear disease process. Caution must be exercised with reliance on this test with respect to antimicrobial resistance and risk of false negative results. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Next Generation Sequencing As an Aid to Diagnosis and Treatment of an Unusual Pediatric Brain Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-411
Author(s):  
John Glod ◽  
Mihae Song ◽  
Archana Sharma ◽  
Rachana Tyagi ◽  
Roy Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Pediatric Brain ◽  
Generation Sequencing
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