scholarly journals Allogeneic Cultivated Limbal Epithelial Sheet Transplantation in Reconstruction of Conjunctival Sac After Chemical and Thermal Burns

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Fengmei Shan ◽  
Qingjun Zhou ◽  
Weiyun Shi ◽  
Lixin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Corneal Transplantation ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Thermal Burns ◽  
Palpebral Conjunctiva ◽  
Epithelial Sheet ◽  
Epithelial Sheets

The study aims to evaluate the effect of allogeneic cultivated limbal epithelial cell sheet transplantation (CLET) in reconstructing conjunctival sac for severe symblepharon after chemical and thermal burns. A retrospective, non-comparative case series. Thirty-six eyes (36 patients) underwent CLET for severe symblepharon and conjunctival sac stenosis or atresia. Symblepharon was separated, and pseudopterygium was preserved to replace the palpebral conjunctiva. Allogeneic cultivated limbal epithelial cell sheet using human amniotic membrane as a carrier was transplanted into the recipient's eye to reconstruct the conjunctival sac. The effect of conjunctival sac reconstruction, eye and eyelid movement, ocular surface restitution, and symblepharon recurrence were analyzed after surgery. Symblepharon was completely relieved in 30 of the 36 eyes (83.3%) by a single surgical procedure, with fornix reconstruction, as well as free movement of eye globe and eyelids. Strip-like symblepharon remained in 6 eyes (16.7%) and was completely relieved after the second CLET. Twenty patients without visual function received prostheses 3 months after surgery and the other sixteen patients underwent different corneal transplantation for visual acuity improvement. During the follow-up period, no one had symblepharon recurrence. The transplantation of cultivated allogeneic limbal epithelial sheets offers an effective and safe alternative in the treatment of symblepharon and reconstruction of conjunctival sac in eyes with severe ocular burns, which lays the foundation for subsequent treatments.

scholarly journals First-in-human autologous oral mucosal epithelial sheet transplantation to prevent anastomotic re-stenosis in congenital esophageal atresia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Fujino ◽  
Yasushi Fuchimoto ◽  
Yoshiyuki Baba ◽  
Nobutaka Isogawa ◽  
Takanori Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Esophageal Atresia ◽  
Anastomotic Stricture ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Congenital Esophageal Atresia ◽  
Epithelial Sheet ◽  
Oral Epithelial

AbstractBackgroundCongenital esophageal atresia postoperative anastomotic stricture occurs in 30-50% of cases. Patients with severe dysphagia are treated with endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) and/or local injection of steroids, but many patients continue to experience frequent stricture. In this study, we investigated the transplantation of autologous oral mucosa-derived cell sheets (epithelial cell sheets) as a prophylactic treatment for congenital esophageal atresia postoperative anastomotic stricture.MethodsEpithelial cell sheets were fabricated from a patient’s oral epithelial tissue, and their safety was confirmed by quality control tests. The epithelial cell sheets were transported under controlled conditions from the fabrication facility to the transplantation facility and successfully transplanted onto the lacerations caused by EBD using a newly developed transplantation device for pediatric patients. The safety of the transplantation was confirmed by follow-up examinations over 48 weeks.ResultsThe number of EBDs required after transplantation and the number of days between EDBs were recorded. Before transplantation, EBDs were performed approximately every two weeks, whereas after transplantation, the interval was extended to a maximum of four weeks. The patient was also aware of a reduction in dysphagia.ConclusionsThis study suggests that cell sheet transplantation might be effective in preventing anastomotic stricture after surgery for congenital esophageal atresia. We chose this very severe case for the first clinical study in humans. Future studies are needed to identify cases in which cell sheet transplantation is most effective and to determine the appropriate timeframes for transplantation.

scholarly journals Endogenous Sheet-Averaged Tension Within a Large Epithelial Cell Colony

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep P. Dumbali ◽  
Lanju Mei ◽  
Shizhi Qian ◽  
Venkat Maruthamuthu
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Directional Migration ◽  
Shear Component ◽  
Extensive Cell ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Colony Level

Epithelial cells form quasi-two-dimensional sheets that function as contractile media to effect tissue shape changes during development and homeostasis. Endogenously generated intrasheet tension is a driver of such changes, but has predominantly been measured in the presence of directional migration. The nature of epithelial cell-generated forces transmitted over supracellular distances, in the absence of directional migration, is thus largely unclear. In this report, we consider large epithelial cell colonies which are archetypical multicell collectives with extensive cell–cell contacts but with a symmetric (circular) boundary. Using the traction force imbalance method (TFIM) (traction force microscopy combined with physical force balance), we first show that one can determine the colony-level endogenous sheet forces exerted at the midline by one half of the colony on the other half with no prior assumptions on the uniformity of the mechanical properties of the cell sheet. Importantly, we find that this colony-level sheet force exhibits large variations with orientation—the difference between the maximum and minimum sheet force is comparable to the average sheet force itself. Furthermore, the sheet force at the colony midline is largely tensile but the shear component exhibits significantly more variation with orientation. We thus show that even an unperturbed epithelial colony with a symmetric boundary shows significant directional variation in the endogenous sheet tension and shear forces that subsist at the colony level.

scholarly journals Transplantation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived airway epithelial cell sheet into the middle ear of rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Takeshi Tada ◽  
Hiroe Ohnishi ◽  
Norio Yamamoto ◽  
Fumihiko Kuwata ◽  
Yasuyuki Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Neurulation and the cortical tractor model for epithelial folding

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-49
Author(s):  
Antone G. Jacobson ◽  
George F. Oster ◽  
Garrett M. Odell ◽  
Louis Y. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Epithelial Morphogenesis ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
New Model ◽  
Epithelial Sheet ◽  
Epithelial Sheets ◽  
Placode Formation

We present here a new model for epithelial morphogenesis, which we call the ‘cortical tractor model’. This model assumes that the motile activities of epithelial cells are similar to those of mesenchymal cells, with the added constraint that the cells in an epithelial sheet remain attached at their apical circumference. In particular, we assert that there is a time-averaged motion of cortical cytoplasm which flows from the basal and lateral surfaces to the apical region. This cortical flow carries with it membrane and adhesive structures that are inserted basally and resorbed apically. Thus the apical seal that characterizes epithelial sheets is a dynamic structure: it is continuously created by the cortical flow which piles up components near where they are recycled in the apical region. By use of mechanical analyses and computer simulations we demonstrate that the cortical tractor motion can reproduce a variety of epithelial motions, including columnarization (placode formation), imagination and rolling. It also provides a mechanism for driving active cell rearrangements within an epithelial sheet, while maintaining the integrity of the apical seal. Active repacking of epithelial cells appears to drive a number of morphogenetic processes. Neurulation in amphibians provides an example of a process in which all four of the above morphogenetic movements appear to play a role. Here we reexamine the process of neurulation in amphibians in light of the cortical tractor model, and find that it provides an integrated view of this important morphogenetic process.

scholarly journals 2287. Real-world Use of Tedizolid Phosphate: A Case Series of Long-Term Tolerability

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S784-S784
Author(s):  
Taylor Morrisette ◽  
Beatriz Da Silva ◽  
Scott W Mueller ◽  
Laura Damioli ◽  
Martin Krsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Term Tolerability

Abstract Background Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic with broad-spectrum Gram-positive activity approved for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections with a 6-day course. Oxazolidinone antibiotics represent appealing options for prolonged antimicrobial therapy due to their available oral formulations with excellent bioavailability and potent in vitro activity against various multidrug-resistant Gram-positive organisms, Mycobacterium spp., and Nocardia spp. Although tedizolid and linezolid offer a similar clinical spectrum based on antimicrobial activity alone, long-term use of linezolid is often limited by serious adverse effects. Preliminary assessments have suggested better tolerability with tedizolid; however, these are limited by shorter exposure duration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tedizolid. Methods Retrospective cohort of adult patients receiving tedizolid for ≥ 28 days, with baseline complete blood cell (CBC) indices available, and CBC indices drawn ≥ 14 days into tedizolid course. The primary objective was to evaluate the long-term tolerability of tedizolid. Results 13 patients met inclusion criteria: median age 61 years (IQR, 51–64 years), 69% male, 85% Caucasian. The majority of patients utilized tedizolid for suppression (85%), and the median duration of tedizolid was 113 days (IQR, 71–204 days). There were no differences in CBC indices when comparing baseline to last laboratory draw throughout tedizolid exposure: platelets (baseline: 203 x 109/L (IQR, 186–283 x 109/L) vs. last: 196 x 109/L (IQR, 161–303 x 109/L; p = 0.65), hemoglobin (baseline: 9.8 g/dL (IQR, 8.8–11.1 g/dL) vs. last: 11.7 g/dL (IQR, 11.0–13.1 g/dL; p = 0.10), and white blood cells (baseline: 6.2 x 109/L (IQR, 5.6–7.6 x 109/L) vs. last: 6.5 x 109/L (IQR, 6.3–7.3 x 109/L; p = 0.45). The final laboratory draws were obtained a median of 78 days (IQR, 44–119 days) into therapy. No patients experienced peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis/visual changes, or serotonin syndrome during treatment/suppression with tedizolid during the period evaluated. Conclusion Long-term therapy with tedizolid appears to be well-tolerated. Treatment and suppression with tedizolid seems to be a safe alternative to linezolid. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Retention of differentiated properties in an established dog kidney epithelial cell line (MDCK).

1979 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Rindler ◽  
L M Chuman ◽  
L Shaffer ◽  
M H Saier
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Kidney Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Sheets

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells grown in tissue culture have the morphological properties of distal tubular epithelial cells, form tight junctions, and lack several proximal tubular enzyme markers. Adenylate cyclase in these cells was stimulated by vasopressin, oxytocin, prostaglandins E1 and E2, glucagon, and cholera toxin. Hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in isolated membrane preparations was dependent on low concentrations of GTP and had the MgCl2 and pH optima expected for the kidney enzyme. The results, as well as the demonstration of enhanced hemicyst formation induced by cyclic AMP, suggest that the MDCK cell line has retained the differentiated properties of the kidney epithelial cell of origin. When MDCK cells were injected into baby nude mice, continuous nodule growth was observed until adulthood was attained. Histological studies revealed the presence of two cell types: normal mouse fibroblasts which comprise 80--90% of the solid nodule mass, and MDCK cells, which formed epithelial sheets lining internal fluid-filled glands. Electron microscope analysis showed that the mucosal surfaces of the cells were characterized by microvilli which faced the lumen of the glands, that adjacent MDCK cells were joined by tight junctions, and that the serosal surfaces of the epithelial sheets were characterized by smooth plasma membranes which were lined by a continuous basement membrane. These observations lead to the conclusion that the MDCK cells retain regional differentiation of their plasma membranes and the ability to regenerate kidney tubule-like structures in vivo.

Carrier-free Cultured Autologous Oral Mucosa Epithelial Cell Sheet (CAOMECS) for Corneal Epithelium Reconstruction: A Histological Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzia Bardag-Gorce ◽  
Joan Oliva ◽  
Andrew Wood ◽  
Richard Hoft ◽  
Derek Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Carrier Free

Modelling wound closure in an epithelial cell sheet using the cellular Potts model

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian R. Noppe ◽  
Anthony P. Roberts ◽  
Alpha S. Yap ◽  
Guillermo A. Gomez ◽  
Zoltan Neufeld
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Potts Model ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Potts Model ◽  
Epithelial Cell Layer

We use a two-dimensional cellular Potts model to represent the behavior of an epithelial cell layer and describe its dynamics in response to a microscopic wound.

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