scholarly journals Influence of 37 Years of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Composition of Rhizosphere Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Communities in Black Soil of Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Wang ◽  
Mingchao Ma ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Dawei Guan ◽  
Dan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal Fungi and Sustainable Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soibam Helena Devi ◽  
Ingudam Bhupenchandra ◽  
Soibam Sinyorita ◽  
S.K. Chongtham ◽  
E. Lamalakshmi Devi
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Assimilation

The 20thcentury witnessed an augmentation in agricultural production, mainly through the progress and use of pesticides, fertilizers containing nitrogen and phosphorus, and developments in plant breeding and genetic skills. In the naturally existing ecology, rhizospheric soils have innumerable biological living beings to favor the plant development, nutrient assimilation, stress tolerance, disease deterrence, carbon seizing and others. These organisms include mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. which solubilize nutrients and assist the plants in up taking by roots. Amongst them, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have key importance in natural ecosystem, but high rate of chemical fertilizer in agricultural fields is diminishing its importance. The majority of the terrestrial plants form association with Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) or Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This symbiosis confers benefits directly to the host plant’s growth and development through the acquisition of Phosphorus (P) and other mineral nutrients from the soil by the AMF. They may also enhance the protection of plants against pathogens and increases the plant diversity. This is achieved by the growth of AMF mycelium within the host root (intra radical) and out into the soil (extra radical) beyond. Proper management of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi has the potential to improve the profitability and sustainability of agricultural systems. AM fungi are especially important for sustainable farming systems because AM fungi are efficient when nutrient availability is low and when nutrients are bound to organic matter and soil particles.

scholarly journals Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilization on post vitro growth of micropropagated Zingiber officinale roscoe

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilda dos Santos ◽  
Carla Giovana Girardi ◽  
Rosete Pescador ◽  
Sidney Luiz Stürmer
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
P Application ◽  
Root Symbionts ◽  
Rhizome Biomass ◽  
P Addition

The rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) are widely used for their medicinal and flavoring properties, whereas the influence of root symbionts on their growth is poorly understood. In this study, the effects of phosphate fertilization and inoculation with a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (isolates Glomus clarum RGS101A, Entrophospora colombiana SCT115A and Acaulospora koskei SPL102A) on survival, growth and development of micropropagated ginger were investigated. After transplanting to post vitro conditions, the ginger microplants were subjected to the following treatments: a) AMF mixture, b) P addition (25 mg kg-1), c) AMF + P, and d) non-mycorrhizal control without P addition. After eight months of growth, survival ranged from 86 to 100 % in the AMF and AMF+P treatments versus 71 % survival in control and P treatments. In the AMF, P and AMF+P treatments, the shoot, root and rhizome biomass production were significantly larger than in the control plants. In the non-mycorrhizal control plants the leaf number, leaf area, number of shoots/plants, and shoot length were significantly lower than in the AMF, P and AMF+P treatments. Root colonization ranged from 81 to 93 % and was not affected by P application. The data confirmed the response of several growth variables of micropropagated ginger to mycorrhizal colonization and P addition.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi infection in three aromatic plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Del Carmen Pérez-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fungi Infection ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the production of secondary metabolites in Petroselinum crispum, Salvia officinalis and Dysphania ambrosioides. Three treatments were established: Control (C), commercial inoculum (CI) and native inoculum (NI). Every 15 days height, stem diameter and number of leaves were measured. The percentage of colonization was assessed by staining of roots, and identification of flavonoids through TLC thin layer chromatography, finally the concentration of total phenols was evaluated by spectrophotometry from the ethanol extracts of each plant. The results of development of biomass and the percentage of colonization show statistically significant difference for the three variables evaluated (P≤0.05) from each culture in the treatment of NI with respect to control, showing a greater effect on plants of S. officinalis (51% and 91%, respectively). Chromatography reveals the presence of flavonoids in the three plants; however this is more intense for the treatment of NI, showing increased production of total phenols in S. officinalis. Finally, the chemical characterization of the substrate shows a higher assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus (0.11% and 0.35 mg / kg respectively) in S. officinalis associated with a native inoculum (NI). 

scholarly journals The Current Survey of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Benghazi’s Coastal Plain

2019 ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Marei Abdelkarim
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Mutualistic Symbiosis

Rhizospheres of crop plants are complexes of chemical and microbial interactions. Of importance, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial microorgansims associated with roughly eighty-percent of terrestrial land plants. In this mutualistic symbiosis, the fungus receives the photosynthetic product (sugar) fixed from its host by photosynthesis. In return, the host plant gains a plethora of benefits from the fungus such as enhanced nutrient uptakes, protection against both biotic (soil-borne root pathogens, insect attack) and abiotic (drought, heavy metal pollution, and soil salinity) stresses. Taxonomically, AMF belong to a new erected phylum called Glomeromycota. The field study was conducted in a farm owned and supervised by The Great Man-Made Project in February 2019. The present study was performed to determine the presence or the absence of AMF in a field cultivated with wheat crops (Triticum aestivum, L.) during the vegetative stage, and also to investigate soil physiochemical properties effect on AMF colonization. Results showed that colonization of wheat plant roots were significantly low. The result clearly implies that high-input fertilizers viz., phosphorus fertilization, and agricultural practices such as intensive tillage drastically reduced AMF colonization.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Physiology of Maize at Ambient and Low Temperature Regimes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Chen ◽  
Fengbin Song ◽  
Fulai Liu ◽  
Chunjie Tian ◽  
Shengqun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Maize Plants

The effect of four different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and lipid peroxidation, soluble sugar, proline contents, and antioxidant enzymes activities ofZea maysL. was studied in pot culture subjected to two temperature regimes. Maize plants were grown in pots filled with a mixture of sandy and black soil for 5 weeks, and then half of the plants were exposed to low temperature for 1 week while the rest of the plants were grown under ambient temperature and severed as control. Different AMF resulted in different root colonization and low temperature significantly decreased AM colonization. Low temperature remarkably decreased plant height and total dry weight but increased root dry weight and root-shoot ratio. The AM plants had higher proline content compared with the non-AM plants. The maize plants inoculated withGlomus etunicatumandG. intraradiceshad higher malondialdehyde and soluble sugar contents under low temperature condition. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase of AM inoculated maize were higher than those of non-AM ones. Low temperature noticeably decreased the activities of CAT. The results suggest that low temperature adversely affects maize physiology and AM symbiosis can improve maize seedlings tolerance to low temperature stress.

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