scholarly journals The Influence of Rhizobium and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Accumulation by Vicia faba

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
YINSUO JIA ◽  
VINCENT MYLES GRAY ◽  
COLIN JOHN STRAKER
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal Fungi and Sustainable Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soibam Helena Devi ◽  
Ingudam Bhupenchandra ◽  
Soibam Sinyorita ◽  
S.K. Chongtham ◽  
E. Lamalakshmi Devi
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Assimilation

The 20thcentury witnessed an augmentation in agricultural production, mainly through the progress and use of pesticides, fertilizers containing nitrogen and phosphorus, and developments in plant breeding and genetic skills. In the naturally existing ecology, rhizospheric soils have innumerable biological living beings to favor the plant development, nutrient assimilation, stress tolerance, disease deterrence, carbon seizing and others. These organisms include mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. which solubilize nutrients and assist the plants in up taking by roots. Amongst them, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have key importance in natural ecosystem, but high rate of chemical fertilizer in agricultural fields is diminishing its importance. The majority of the terrestrial plants form association with Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) or Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This symbiosis confers benefits directly to the host plant’s growth and development through the acquisition of Phosphorus (P) and other mineral nutrients from the soil by the AMF. They may also enhance the protection of plants against pathogens and increases the plant diversity. This is achieved by the growth of AMF mycelium within the host root (intra radical) and out into the soil (extra radical) beyond. Proper management of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi has the potential to improve the profitability and sustainability of agricultural systems. AM fungi are especially important for sustainable farming systems because AM fungi are efficient when nutrient availability is low and when nutrients are bound to organic matter and soil particles.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi infection in three aromatic plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Del Carmen Pérez-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fungi Infection ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the production of secondary metabolites in Petroselinum crispum, Salvia officinalis and Dysphania ambrosioides. Three treatments were established: Control (C), commercial inoculum (CI) and native inoculum (NI). Every 15 days height, stem diameter and number of leaves were measured. The percentage of colonization was assessed by staining of roots, and identification of flavonoids through TLC thin layer chromatography, finally the concentration of total phenols was evaluated by spectrophotometry from the ethanol extracts of each plant. The results of development of biomass and the percentage of colonization show statistically significant difference for the three variables evaluated (P≤0.05) from each culture in the treatment of NI with respect to control, showing a greater effect on plants of S. officinalis (51% and 91%, respectively). Chromatography reveals the presence of flavonoids in the three plants; however this is more intense for the treatment of NI, showing increased production of total phenols in S. officinalis. Finally, the chemical characterization of the substrate shows a higher assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus (0.11% and 0.35 mg / kg respectively) in S. officinalis associated with a native inoculum (NI). 

scholarly journals The influence of pre-crop plants on the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomales) and Phialophora graminicola associated with roots of winter XTriticosecale

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Crop Plant ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

The influence of four pre-crop plant species on the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF, <i>Glomales, Zygomycetes</i>) spores, mycorrhizae and <i>Phialophora graminicola</i> (Deacon) Walker associated with roots of field-culuvated <i>XTriticosecale</i> Wittmack cv. Malno was investigated. The pre-crop plant species were <i>Hordeum vutgare</i> L., <i>Lupinus luteus</i> L., <i>Pisum sativum</i> L., and <i>Vicia faba</i> v. major Harz. Most spores and species of AMF were found when <i>XTriticosecale</i> was cultivated following <i>P. sativum</i>. Prior cropping with <i>L. luteus</i> caused the occurrence of the lowest number of spores among <i>XTriticosecale</i> roots. Mycorrhizal colonization of <i>XTriticosecale</i> was highest when planted after <i>P. sativum</i> and lowest when grown after <i>L. luteus</i>.

scholarly journals Pathogenic Microbes Increase Plant Dependence on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsen Qin ◽  
Jean-Pascal Miranda ◽  
Yun Tang ◽  
Wangrong Wei ◽  
Yongjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes

Numerous studies have confirmed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant nitrogen and phosphorus absorption, and prime systemic plant defense to plant pathogenic microbes. Despite that, the information on the interaction between AMF and plant pathogenic microbes is limited, especially the influence of plant pathogenic microbes on the effect of AMF promoting plant growth. In this study, 650 independent paired-wise observations from 136 published papers were collected and used to calculate the different effect of AMF with plant pathogenic microbes (DAPP) in promoting plant growth through meta-analysis. The results showed that AMF had a higher effect size on plant growth with pathogenic microbes comparing to without pathogenic microbes, including the significant effects in shoot and total fresh biomass, and shoot, root, and total dry biomass. The results of the selection models revealed that the most important factor determining the DAPP on plant dry biomass was the harm level of plant pathogenic microbes on the plant dry biomass, which was negatively correlated. Furthermore, the change of AMF root length colonization (RLC) was the sub-important factor, which was positively correlated with the DAPP. Taken together, these results have implications for understanding the potential and application of AMF in agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Réponse du sésame (Sesamum indicum L.) à l’inoculation mycorhizienne avec des souches des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires indigènes du Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-423
Author(s):  
Hadou Haro ◽  
Kadidia B. Sanon
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Chemical Inputs

Au Burkina Faso, le sésame est essentiellement une culture de rente. Sa production augmente progressivement alors que son rendement baisse d’année en année. Ceci est lié à la pauvreté du sol en éléments minéraux tels que l’azote et le phosphore assimilable entrainant une augmentation des superficies emblavées pour cette culture et une utilisation des intrants chimiques de plus en plus grande. Or les intrants chimiques ont montré leurs limites dans leur utilisation. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été initiée afin de contribuer à l’amélioration de la production agricole durable. Dans cette étude le sésame a été cultivé en serre et inoculé avec deux inocula mycorhiziens indigènes. Les paramètres de croissance ont été mesurés à 30 et 60 jours après semis. La biomasse aérienne, racinaire et totale ont été évaluées à 60 jours après semis. Les résultats montrent une amélioration de la croissance en hauteur de 431,25%, taux de croissance relative en hauteur de 145,87%, diamètre au collet de 163,92%, biomasse aérienne de 102,9%, biomasse racinaire de 126,67% et de la biomasse totale de 110,1% par l’inoculation. Cette étude a montré des résultats prometteurs et mérite d’être approfondie par des essais aux champs. Mots clés : Sésame, inoculation mycorhizienne, champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires, Burkina Faso. English Title: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) response to mycorrhizal inoculation with native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to Burkina Faso In Burkina Faso, sesame is essentially a cash crop. Its production is gradually increasing while its yield decreases. This is linked to the soil poverty in mineral elements such as available nitrogen and phosphorus leading to an increase in the area sown for this crop and an increasing use of chemical inputs. However, chemical inputs have shown their limits in their use. This is how this study was initiated to help improve sustainable agricultural production. In this study, sesame was grown in greenhouse and inoculated with two inocula of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (M1 and M2) from Burkina Faso. The growth parameters were measured at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Shoot, root and total biomass were assessed at 60 days after sowing. The results obtained show an improvement in height growth of 431.25%, the relative growth rate in height of 145.87%, the collar diameter of 163.92%, the aboveground biomass of 102.9%, root biomass of 126.67% and total biomass of 110.1% of plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to the inoculated control. This study has shown promising results and deserves to be deepened by field tests to assess the effect of this inoculation on sesame yield.Keywords: Sesame, mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Burkina Faso.

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