scholarly journals The Hidden Diversity of Diatrypaceous Fungi in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhu ◽  
Meng Pan ◽  
Nalin N. Wijayawardene ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Rong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
New Record ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Eleven Species ◽  
Living Materials

In this study, we investigated the diversity of diatrypaceous fungi from six regions in China based on morpho-molecular analyses of combined ITS and tub2 gene regions. We accept 23 genera in Diatrypaceae with 18 genera involved in the phylogram, and the other five genera are lacking living materials with sequences data. Eleven species included in four genera (viz. Allocryptovalsa, Diatrype, Diatrypella, and Eutypella) have been isolated from seven host species, of which nine novel species (viz. Allocryptovalsa castaneae, A. castaneicola, Diatrype betulae, D. castaneicola, D. quercicola, Diatrypella betulae, Da. betulicola, Da. hubeiensis, and Da. shennongensis), a known species of Diatrypella favacea, and a new record of Eutypella citricola from the host genus Morus are included. Current results show the high diversity of Diatrypaceae which are wood-inhabiting fungi in China.

scholarly journals The hidden diversity of diatrypaceous fungi in China; introducing Allodiatrypella gen. nov. and ten new species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhu ◽  
Nalin N. Wijayawardene ◽  
Rong Ma ◽  
Chongjuan You ◽  
Dongqin Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
New Record ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Eleven Species

Abstract In this study, we investigated the diversity of diatrypaceous fungi from six regions in China based on morpho-molecular analyses (maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of combined ITS and tub2 gene regions). We accept 24 genera in Diatrypaceae with 19 genera involved in the phylogram and the other five genera are lacking living materials with available sequences. Eleven species include in four genera (viz. Allocryptovalsa, Diatrype, Eutypella and Allodiatrypella gen. nov.) have been isolated from seven hosts species, of which ten novel species (Allocryptovalsa castanea, Allodiatrypella betulae, A. betulicola, A. betulina, A. hubeiensis, A. xinjiangensis, Diatrype betulae, D. castaneicola, D. quercicola and Eutypella castaneicola) are introduced in this study, while Eutypella citricola is a new record from Morus host. Current results show the high diversity of members of Diatrypaceae species which are wood-inhabiting fungi in China.

scholarly journals Higher mortality of the less suitable brown trout host compared to the principal Atlantic salmon host when infested with freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) glochidia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janhavi Marwaha ◽  
Per Johan Jakobsen ◽  
Sten Karlsson ◽  
Bjørn Mejdell Larsen ◽  
Sebastian Wacker
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
The Other ◽  
Margaritifera Margaritifera ◽  
Pearl Mussel ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Freshwater Pearl Mussel ◽  
Host Interaction

AbstractThe freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) is a highly host-specific parasite, with an obligate parasitic stage on salmonid fish. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta f. trutta and Salmo trutta f. fario) are the only hosts in their European distribution. Some M. margaritifera populations exclusively infest either Atlantic salmon or brown trout, while others infest both hosts with one salmonid species typically being the principal host and the other a less suitable host. Glochidial abundance, prevalence and growth are often used as parameters to measure host suitability, with the most suitable host species displaying the highest parameters. However, it is not known if the degree of host specialisation will negatively influence host fitness (virulence) among different host species. In this study we examined the hypothesis that glochidial infestation would result in differential virulence in two salmonid host species and that lower virulence would be observed on the most suitable host. Atlantic salmon and brown trout were infested with glochidia from two M. margaritifera populations that use Atlantic salmon as their principal host, and the difference in host mortality among infested and control (sham infested) fish was examined. Higher mortality was observed in infested brown trout (the less suitable host) groups, compared to the other test groups. Genetic assignment was used to identify offspring from individual mother mussels. We found that glochidia from individual mothers can infest both the salmonid hosts; however, some mothers displayed a bias towards either salmon or trout. We believe that the differences in host-dependent virulence and the host bias displayed by individual mothers were a result of genotype × genotype interactions between the glochidia and their hosts, indicating that there is an underlying genetic component for this parasite-host interaction.

scholarly journals Chance or Necessity—The Fungi Co−Occurring with Formica polyctena Ants

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Igor Siedlecki ◽  
Michał Gorczak ◽  
Alicja Okrasińska ◽  
Marta Wrzosek
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formica Polyctena ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
Mutualistic Fungi ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Better Than

Studies on carton nesting ants and domatia−dwelling ants have shown that ant–fungi interactions may be much more common and widespread than previously thought. Until now, studies focused predominantly on parasitic and mutualistic fungi–ant interactions occurring mostly in the tropics, neglecting less−obvious interactions involving the fungi common in ants’ surroundings in temperate climates. In our study, we characterized the mycobiota of the surroundings of Formica polyctena ants by identifying nearly 600 fungal colonies that were isolated externally from the bodies of F. polyctena workers. The ants were collected from mounds found in northern and central Poland. Isolated fungi were assigned to 20 genera via molecular identification (ITS rDNA barcoding). Among these, Penicillium strains were the most frequent, belonging to eight different taxonomic sections. Other common and widespread members of Eurotiales, such as Aspergillus spp., were isolated very rarely. In our study, we managed to characterize the genera of fungi commonly present on F. polyctena workers. Our results suggest that Penicillium, Trichoderma, Mucor, Schwanniomyces and Entomortierella are commonly present in F. polyctena surroundings. Additionally, the high diversity and high frequency of Penicillium colonies isolated from ants in this study suggest that representatives of this genus may be adapted to survive in ant nests environment better than the other fungal groups, or that they are preferentially sustained by the insects in nests.

Addition to Micropeltidaceae: Micropeltis goniothalamicola sp. nov. and new record of Scolecopeltidium menglaense from Chiang Rai, Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 487 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
DIANA S. MARASINGHE ◽  
SINANG HONGSANAN ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
NING XIE
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
New Host ◽  
Mucilaginous Sheath ◽  
New Host Record

A novel species, Micropeltis goniothalamicola and a new record Scolecopeltidium menglaense were collected from Mae Fah Luang Botanical Gardens, Thailand. Our new taxon is different from other species in Micropeltis in having relatively smaller ascomata, 6–8-spored asci and 4–5-septate ascospores covering with mucilaginous sheath. Our new record, S. menglaense is the first host recorded from Jasmine grandiflorum (Oleaceae). Morphological comparison coupled with phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequence data provide evidence for the new species and new host record.

scholarly journals Terrestrial Molluscs in the Dry Grasslands of the DNIPRO Upland (Central Ukraine): New Records, Rare Species and Conservation Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Balashov ◽  
O. Vasyliuk ◽  
D. Shyriaieva ◽  
Z. Shvydka ◽  
O. Oskyrko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
National Level ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
First Time ◽  
High Diversity

Abstract Thirty-six species of terrestrial molluscs were found in the dry grasslands and rock outcrops of the study area, including three that were not previously known for Central Ukraine: Granaria frumentum, Pupilla bigranata and Mediterranea inopinata. These species are relics related to dry open habitats and require conservation in Ukraine on the national level, G. frumentum is already listed in the Red Book of Ukraine, and the other two should be listed in its next edition. It is proposed to create the new protected areas in the most important newly revealed locations of these species. These rocky areas also retain the high diversity of land molluscs in the region. The invasive snail Xeropicta derbentina was found for the first time on the DNIPRO Upland, on the edge of natural dry grassland. The rare native snail Morlina glabra was recorded for the first time in Kyiv Region, it is proposed to be included into the regional red list.

scholarly journals Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense (Crassulaceae), a new subspecies from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Takuro Ito ◽  
Chih-Chieh Yu ◽  
Masatsugu Yokota ◽  
Goro Kokubugata
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Axillary Branches

We re-examined the taxonomic status of plants treated as Sedum formosanum (Crassulaceae) from Miyako-jima Island of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, using morphological comparison and molecular phylogenetic analyses with related species. In morphology, plants from Miyako-jima Island bore a close resemblance to the other plants of S. formosanum, but differed in being perennial, polycarpic, and having lateral axillary branches. Molecular analyses based on ITS of nrDNA and six regions of cpDNA sequencing indicated that the Miyako-jima plants formed a distinct subclade. This subclade was part of a polytomy with three other subclades comprising nine taxa endemic to Taiwan and S. formosanum from other areas, including the type locality. Therefore, we propose and describe the Miyako-jima plants as a new subspecies, Sedum formosanum subsp. miyakojimense.

Contribution on Aceria spp. (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) from southwest of East Azerbaijan province in Iran: new records and description of two new species

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Parisa Lotfollahi ◽  
Enrico De Lillo ◽  
Karim Addad Irani-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eriophyoid Mites ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
First Time

During a survey on Eriophyoid Mites in southwest of East Azerbaijan province (Iran), Aceria zygofabae n. sp. and Aceria alkannae n. sp. were found on Zygophyllum fabago L. (Zygophyllaceae) and Alkanna bracteosa Boiss. (Boraginaceae), respectively. They are described and illustrated here. Four further Aceria species were collected and identified as A. eucricotes (Nalepa, 1892), A. cynodonis Wilson, 1959, A. chenopodia Xue, Sadeghi & Hong, 2009 and A. tristriata (Nalepa, 1890) (protogyne and deutogyne). Aceria cynodonis is a new record for Iran Eriophyoid fauna whereas the other species were found for the first time in East Azerbaijan.

New subgenus and new species of marine benthic ostracods of genus Doloria (Ostracoda; Myodocopina) from the Southern Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3356 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR G. CHAVTUR ◽  
SIMONE N. BRANDÃO ◽  
ALEXANDER G. BASHMANOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Fifth Limb ◽  
Water Depths

The project ANDEEP was designed to fill gaps in the knowledge of the biodiversity of the Southern Ocean deep sea. Threeoceanographic cruises (ANDEEP I, II and III) were undertaken in 2002 and 2005 in the Atlantic Sector of the SouthernOcean. Hundreds of samples were collected from 40 stations with water depths ranging from 748 to 6,348 m. Investiga-tions were carried out on a broad range of taxa, including bacteria, meio-, macroand megafauna. Approximately 5000ostracods were collected, which included 29 specimens of Doloria (Dolorietta) subgen. nov.The subdivision of the genus Doloria Skogsberg, 1920 into two subgenera, Doloria (Doloria) and the novel subgenusDoloria (Dolorietta), is based on differences in the structures of the fifth limb, the armature of the sensory bristle on the5th segment of the antennula, and the number of bristles on the 4th endite of the sixth limb. Four new species in the newsubgenus were identified from the ANDEEP samples. The new subgenus and the four novel species are described andillustrated. Two of these new species are named Doloria (Dolorietta) antarctica sp. nov. and Doloria (Dolorietta) sextafiliformis sp. nov., but the other two species are left in open nomenclature (i.e. Doloria (Dolorietta) sp. nov. 1 and Doloria(Dolorietta) sp. nov. 2) because only juveniles were found in our material. Keys to the subgenera and species of Doloria are provided.

scholarly journals Molecular conformation of then published Ziziphus budhensis and its religious and economic values

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
M. L. Pathak ◽  
H. C. Li ◽  
B. Xu ◽  
X. F. Gao ◽  
K. K. Pokharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species

  The newly described species, Ziziphus budhensis was confirmed as Chinese Jujuba, Z. xiangchengensis on the basis of their DNA analyses. Z. budhensis was explained as a new species on the basis of some morphological differences in 2015. In the Year 2016, the DNA samples were collected from the type locality of Nepal, and the molecular analyses were carried out. The type specimens and the other available images from the different herbariums were examined. Besides, the protologue and the type images were studied carefully. The result showed that though there were some differences in the habit and the habitat of the plant, the previously described new species, Z. budhensis was found to be same as the Chinese species, Z. xiangchengensis. This study also showed the importance of the molecular work of Z. budhensis and confirmed it morphologically distinct although it was very close to the Chinese species.Banko Janakari, Vol. 27, No. 1, page: 55-59

A new species and a new record of Xanthagaricus (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 371 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
FENGJIAN WANG ◽  
LIANGLIANG QI ◽  
XIANGYU ZHOU ◽  
YU LI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
New Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
A New Species

Two species of Xanthagaricus discovered in Hubei Province of China are described based on the macro- and micromorphological features. Their identity is further supported by molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal RNA gene. The phylogeny obtained here showed that one of the Chinese species is nested in an exclusive clade which in combination with its striking morphological features, infers that it represents a new species, named X. ianthinus, while the other species is placed as a member in the X. epipastus clade. Descriptions are accompanied with illustrations of macro- and micromorphological characters and a discussion of related taxa is presented.

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