scholarly journals Soil Microbial Resource Limitations and Community Assembly Along a Camellia oleifera Plantation Chronosequence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Qiao ◽  
Longsheng Chen ◽  
Yajun Hu ◽  
Chenghua Deng ◽  
Qi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Microbial Metabolism ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Camellia Oleifera ◽  
Planted Forest ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
P Limitation

Understanding soil microbial element limitation and its relation with the microbial community can help in elucidating the soil fertility status and improving nutrient management of planted forest ecosystems. The stand age of a planted forest determines the aboveground forest biomass and structure and underground microbial function and diversity. In this study, we investigated 30 plantations of Camellia oleifera distributed across the subtropical region of China that we classified into four stand ages (planted <9 years, 9–20 years, 21–60 years, and >60 years age). Enzymatic stoichiometry analysis showed that microbial metabolism in the forests was mainly limited by C and P. P limitation significantly decreased and C limitation slightly increased along the stand age gradient. The alpha diversity of the soil microbiota remained steady along stand age, while microbial communities gradually converged from scattered to clustered, which was accompanied by a decrease in network complexity. The soil bacterial community assembly shifted from stochastic to deterministic processes, which probably contributed to a decrease in soil pH along stand age. Our findings emphasize that the stand age regulated the soil microbial metabolism limitation and community assembly, which provides new insight into the improvement of C and P management in subtropical planted forest.

scholarly journals The Pattern of Leaf N:P Ratio Along Plantation Age: A Global Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Meng Sun ◽  
Yuxiang Wen ◽  
Ran Tong ◽  
Geoff Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Published Data ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background Plant stoichiometry displayed flexible over age sequences in previous studies, but effect of stand age on stoichiometry showed large uncertainties for different plantations at the global scale. In this study, we want to obtain the general pattern of leaf N:P ratio for global plantations across age gradients through the compilation and analysis of published data from the individual studies. Results Stand age, together with life forms, and climatic variables strongly affected leaf N:P ratio. This result indicates that the stand age is an indispensable underlying mechanism on stoichiometry. Leaf N:P ratio increased with stand age for all plantations pooled together, revealing the existence of the general pattern in leaf stoichiometry for plantations across age gradients. Leaf N:P ratio exhibited no trend in evergreen trees, but an increasing trend was obtained in deciduous trees along age sequences. Meanwhile, leaf N:P ratio rose with stand age for plantations in humid subtropical regions, but it did not vary in dry temperate regions. Conclusions Our results reveal the effects of age on tree stoichiometry cannot be neglected. These age-related patterns of stoichiometry verified that global plantations changed from N limitation to P limitation with increasing stand age, particularly for deciduous plantations and in plantations in humid regions. The study highlights the importance of considering stand age when exploring nutrient patterns in plantations, which contributes to improving the plant stoichiometry theory and offers a guidance for the nutrient management of plantations at regional to global scales.

scholarly journals Soil Aggregation and Organic Carbon Dynamics in Poplar Plantations

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Ge ◽  
Shuiyuan Fang ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
Rongwei Zhu ◽  
Sili Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon

Soil resident water-stable macroaggregates (diameter (Ø) > 0.25 mm) play a critical role in organic carbon conservation and fertility. However, limited studies have investigated the direct effects of stand development on soil aggregation and its associated mechanisms. Here, we examined the dynamics of soil organic carbon, water-stable macroaggregates, litterfall production, fine-root (Ø < 1 mm) biomass, and soil microbial biomass carbon with stand development in poplar plantations (Populus deltoides L. ‘35’) in Eastern Coastal China, using an age sequence (i.e., five, nine, and 16 years since plantation establishment). We found that the quantity of water-stable macroaggregates and organic carbon content in topsoil (0–10 cm depth) increased significantly with stand age. With increasing stand age, annual aboveground litterfall production did not differ, while fine-root biomass sampled in June, August, and October increased. Further, microbial biomass carbon in the soil increased in June but decreased when sampled in October. Ridge regression analysis revealed that the weighted percentage of small (0.25 mm ≤ Ø < 2 mm) increased with soil microbial biomass carbon, while that of large aggregates (Ø ≥ 2 mm) increased with fine-root biomass as well as microbial biomass carbon. Our results reveal that soil microbial biomass carbon plays a critical role in the formation of both small and large aggregates, while fine roots enhance the formation of large aggregates.

scholarly journals Ozone affects plant, insect, and soil microbial communities: A threat to terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (33) ◽  
pp. eabc1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenios Agathokleous ◽  
Zhaozhong Feng ◽  
Elina Oksanen ◽  
Pierre Sicard ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Competition ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Insect Interactions

Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations induce adverse effects in plants. We reviewed how ozone affects (i) the composition and diversity of plant communities by affecting key physiological traits; (ii) foliar chemistry and the emission of volatiles, thereby affecting plant-plant competition, plant-insect interactions, and the composition of insect communities; and (iii) plant-soil-microbe interactions and the composition of soil communities by disrupting plant litterfall and altering root exudation, soil enzymatic activities, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. The community composition of soil microbes is consequently changed, and alpha diversity is often reduced. The effects depend on the environment and vary across space and time. We suggest that Atlantic islands in the Northern Hemisphere, the Mediterranean Basin, equatorial Africa, Ethiopia, the Indian coastline, the Himalayan region, southern Asia, and Japan have high endemic richness at high ozone risk by 2100.

scholarly journals Prokaryotic Diversity in Mangrove Sediments across Southeastern China Fundamentally Differs from That in Other Biomes

mSystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui-Jing Zhang ◽  
Jie Pan ◽  
Chang-Hai Duan ◽  
Yong-Ming Wang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mangrove Sediments ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Deterministic Process ◽  
Deterministic Processes ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

ABSTRACT Mangroves, as a blue carbon reservoir, provide an environment for a variety of microorganisms. Mangroves lie in special locations connecting coastal and estuarine areas and experience fluctuating conditions, which are expected to intensify with climate change, creating a need to better understand the relative roles of stochastic and deterministic processes in shaping microbial community assembly. Here, a study of microbial communities inhabiting mangrove sediments across southeastern China, spanning mangroves in six nature reserves, was conducted. We performed high-throughput DNA sequencing of these samples and compared them with data of 1,370 sediment samples collected from the Earth Microbiome Project (EMP) to compare the microbial diversity of mangroves with that of other biomes. Our results showed that prokaryotic alpha diversity in mangroves was significantly higher than that in other biomes and that microbial beta diversity generally clustered according to biome types. The core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in mangroves were mostly assigned to Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Euryarchaeota. The majority of beta nearest-taxon index values were higher than 2, indicating that community assembly in mangroves was better explained through a deterministic process than through a stochastic process. Mean annual precipitation (MAP) and total organic carbon (TOC) were main deterministic factors explaining variation in the microbial community. This study fills a gap in addressing the unique microbial diversity of mangrove ecosystems and their microbial community assembly mechanisms. IMPORTANCE Understanding the underlying mechanisms of microbial community assembly patterns is a vital issue in microbial ecology. Mangroves, as an important and special ecosystem, provide a unique environment for examining the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes. We made the first global-scale comparison and found that microbial diversity was significantly different in mangrove sediments compared to that of other biomes. Furthermore, our results suggest that a deterministic process is more important in shaping microbial community assembly in mangroves.

scholarly journals Historical land use has long-term effects on microbial community assembly processes in forest soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest D. Osburn ◽  
Frank O. Aylward ◽  
J. E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Historical Land Use ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly

AbstractLand use change has long-term effects on the structure of soil microbial communities, but the specific community assembly processes underlying these effects have not been identified. To investigate effects of historical land use on microbial community assembly, we sampled soils from several currently forested watersheds representing different historical land management regimes (e.g., undisturbed reference, logged, converted to agriculture). We characterized bacterial and fungal communities using amplicon sequencing and used a null model approach to quantify the relative importance of selection, dispersal, and drift processes on bacterial and fungal community assembly. We found that bacterial communities were structured by both selection and neutral (i.e., dispersal and drift) processes, while fungal communities were structured primarily by neutral processes. For both bacterial and fungal communities, selection was more important in historically disturbed soils compared with adjacent undisturbed sites, while dispersal processes were more important in undisturbed soils. Variation partitioning identified the drivers of selection to be changes in vegetation communities and soil properties (i.e., soil N availability) that occur following forest disturbance. Overall, this study casts new light on the effects of historical land use on soil microbial communities by identifying specific environmental factors that drive changes in community assembly.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Assembly and Interactions Are Constrained by Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Broadleaf Forests of Southern China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxin Zhao ◽  
Jing Cong ◽  
Jingmin Cheng ◽  
Qi Qi ◽  
Yuyu Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Community Assembly ◽  
Microbial Functional Gene

Subtropical and tropical broadleaf forests play important roles in conserving biodiversity and regulating global carbon cycle. Nonetheless, knowledge about soil microbial diversity, community composition, turnover and microbial functional structure in sub- and tropical broadleaf forests is scarce. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to profile soil microbial community composition, and a micro-array GeoChip 5.0 was used to profile microbial functional gene distribution in four sub- and tropical broadleaf forests (HS, MES, HP and JFL) in southern China. The results showed that soil microbial community compositions differed dramatically among all of four forests. Soil microbial diversities in JFL were the lowest (5.81–5.99) and significantly different from those in the other three forests (6.22–6.39). Furthermore, microbial functional gene interactions were the most complex and closest, likely in reflection to stress associated with the lowest nitrogen and phosphorus contents in JFL. In support of the importance of environmental selection, we found selection (78–96%) dominated microbial community assembly, which was verified by partial Mantel tests showing significant correlations between soil phosphorus and nitrogen content and microbial community composition. Taken together, these results indicate that nitrogen and phosphorus are pivotal in shaping soil microbial communities in sub- and tropical broadleaf forests in southern China. Changes in soil nitrogen and phosphorus, in response to plant growth and decomposition, will therefore have significant changes in both microbial community assembly and interaction.

Impact of management practices on soil microbial properties under wheat-cluster bean cropping system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Nisha ◽  
Meenu Walia ◽  
Navneet Batra ◽  
Rajesh Gera ◽  
Sneh Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽  
Microbiological Properties

A study of organic, integrated and inorganic plant nutrient management systems was conducted to determine the effect of management practices on soil microbiological properties after 10 years of continuous application. The rate of C mineralization and potentially mineralizable nitrogen were 6.8 and 41.5 mg/kg soil, respectively. Arginine ammonification and nitrification activities were 0.88 µg NH4+- N/g soil/h and 56.0 µg NO3--N/g/day, respectively. Microbial biomass C, N and P were 320, 40 and 12 mg/kg soil, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase, urease and cellulase activities were highest with application of VC@15t /ha.

Secondary forest structure and biomass following short and extended land-use in central and southern Amazonia

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc K. Steininger
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Forest Regrowth ◽  
Age Sequence ◽  
Southern Amazonia ◽  
Made In

A study was conducted on the effect of extended land-use on secondary forest biomass accumulation in the Amazon. Structural measurements were made in a series of secondary forest stands, from 4–30 y old, in Brazil and Bolivia. Half of the stands were forest regrowth following clearance and only 1 y of cultivation; the other half were regrowth following 4 y or more of continuous pasture in Brazil and three or more rotations of medium-fallow agriculture in Bolivia. Above-ground live biomass was estimated using published allometric equations. Total biomass ranged from 17 to 207 Mg ha−1. Biomass of pioneer trees was poorly related to stand age, while that of later-successional trees increased linearly with age. Total biomass accumulation in Bolivia averaged 5.4 Mg ha−1 y−1 over the entire age sequence. Biomass accumulation for regrowth following short-term use was not greater than that for regrowth following medium-fallow agriculture. In Brazil, biomass accumulation averaged 9.1 Mg ha−1 y−1 over the first 12 y of regrowth and 5.9 Mg ha−1 y−1 over the entire age sequence. Biomass accumulation was significantly slower, around 5.0 Mg ha−1 y−1, for regrowth following continuous pasture than for regrowth following 1 y of cultivation.

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