scholarly journals Use of Fast Gamma Magnetic Stimulation Over the Left Prefrontal Dorsolateral Cortex for the Treatment of MCI and Mild Alzheimer's Disease: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto José Mimenza-Alvarado ◽  
Sara Gloria Aguilar-Navarro ◽  
Francisco M. Martinez-Carrillo ◽  
Alma E. Ríos-Ponce ◽  
Gabriel Villafuerte
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Magnetic Pulse ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dorsolateral Cortex

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models have shown a reduced gamma power in several brain areas, and induction of these oscillations by non-invasive methods has been shown to modify several pathogenic mechanisms of AD. In humans, the application of low-intensity magnetic fields has shown to be able to produce neural entrainment at the magnetic pulse frequency, making it useful to induce gamma frequencies.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess if the application of fast gamma magnetic stimulation (FGMS) over the left prefrontal dorsolateral cortex would be a safe and well-tolerated intervention that could potentially improve cognitive scores in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and mild AD.Methods: In these randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study, participants were assigned to either receive daily sessions two times a day of active or sham FGMS for 6 months. Afterward, measurements of adverse effects, cognition, functionality, and depression were taken.Results: Thirty-four patients, 17 in each group, were analyzed for the primary outcome. FGMS was adequately tolerated by most of the subjects. Only four patients from the active FGMS group (23.52%) and one patient from the sham FGMS group (5.88%) presented any kind of adverse effects, showing no significant difference between groups. Nevertheless, FGMS did not significantly change cognitive, functionality, or depressive evaluations.Conclusion: FGMS over the left prefrontal dorsolateral cortex applied twice a day for 6 months resulted to be a viable intervention that can be applied safely directly from home without supervision of a healthcare provider. However, no statistically significant changes in cognitive, functionality, or depression scores compared to sham stimulation were observed.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03983655, URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03983655.

scholarly journals Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With H-Coil in Alzheimer's Disease: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Leocani ◽  
Gloria Dalla Costa ◽  
Elisabetta Coppi ◽  
Roberto Santangelo ◽  
Marco Pisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Over Time

Focal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been applied to improve cognition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) with conflicting results. We applied rTMS in AD in a pilot placebo-controlled study using the H2-coil. H-coils are suitable for targeting wider neuronal structures compared with standard focal coils, in particular the H2-coil stimulates simultaneously the frontal-parietal-temporal lobes bilaterally. Thirty patients (mean age 70.9 year, SD 8.1; mean MMSE score 16.9, SD 5.5) were randomized to sham or real 10 Hz rTMS stimulation with the H2-coil. Each patient underwent 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks, followed by 4 weeks with maintenance treatment (1 session/week). Primary outcome was improvement of ADAS-cog at 4 and 8 weeks compared with baseline. A trend toward an improved ADAS-cog score over time was observed for patients undergoing real rTMS, with actively treated patients experiencing a mean decrease of −1.01 points at the ADAS-Cog scale score per time point (95% CIs −0.02 to −3.13, p < 0.04). This trend was no longer evident 2 months after the end of treatment. Real rTMS showed no significant effect on MMSE and BDI changes over time. These preliminary findings suggest that rTMS with H-coil is feasible and safe in patients with probable AD and might provide beneficial, even though transient, effects on cognition. This study prompts larger studies in the early stages of AD, combining rTMS and cognitive rehabilitation.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04562506.

scholarly journals Oral curcumin for Alzheimer's disease: tolerability and efficacy in a 24-week randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M Ringman ◽  
Sally A Frautschy ◽  
Edmond Teng ◽  
Aynun N Begum ◽  
Jenny Bardens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

Acetyl L-Carnitine Slows Decline in Younger Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Reanalysis of a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Using the Trilinear Approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. Brooks ◽  
Jerome A. Yesavage ◽  
Angelico Carta ◽  
Daniele Bravi
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Longitudinal Effects

Objectives: To assess the longitudinal effects of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) on patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Design: Longitudinal, double-blind, parallel-group, placebocontrolled. Setting: Twenty-four outpatient sites across the United States. Participants: A total of 334 subjects diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. These data were originally reported by Thal and colleagues (1996). Measurements: Cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) given every 3 months for 1 year. Results: The average rate of change was estimated using the trilinear approach, which allows for periods of both change and stability. Both the ALC group and the placebo group exhibited the same mean rate of change on the ADAS (0.68 points/month). However, a multiple regression analysis revealed a statistically significant Age × Drug interaction characterized by younger subjects benefiting more from ALC treatment than older subjects. Further analyses suggested that the optimal, though not statistically significant, cutpoint for ALC benefit was 61 years of age. Conclusions: ALC slows the progression of Alzheimer's disease in younger subjects, and the use of the trilinear approach to estimate the average rate of change may prove valuable in pharmacological trials.

DHEA treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Neurology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1071-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Wolkowitz ◽  
J.H. Kramer ◽  
V.I. Reus ◽  
M.M. Costa ◽  
K. Yaffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Dhea Treatment

A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Fluoxetine in Depressed Patients With Alzheimer's Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo M. Petracca ◽  
Eran Chemerinski ◽  
Sergio E. Starkstein
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Efficacy Measures

Objective: To examine the efficacy of fluoxetine in the treatment of depression in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: This double-blind, parallel-design study included a consecutive series of 41 AD subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for major or minor depression who were randomized to receive fluoxetine (up to 40 mg/day) or identical-appearing placebo. All patients received biweekly evaluations consisting of the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and the Clinical Global Impression as primary efficacy measures, and the Mini-Mental State Exam, Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, and the Functional Independence Measure as secondary efficacy measures. Results: Complete remission of depression was found in 47% of subjects treated with fluoxetine and in 33% of subjects treated with placebo. Both the fluoxetine and the placebo groups showed a significant decline in HAM-D scores over time, but the magnitude of mood improvement was similar for both groups. Fluoxetine was well tolerated, and most side effects were mild. Conclusion: Fluoxetine treatment for depression in AD did not differ significantly from treatment with placebo. Our study also confirms the presence of a placebo effect in the treatment of depression in AD.

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