scholarly journals Associations of Thyroid Hormones Profile During Normal Pregnancy and Postpartum With Anxiety, Depression, and Obsessive/Compulsive Disorder Scores in Euthyroid Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiota Konstantakou ◽  
Nikos Chalarakis ◽  
Georgios Valsamakis ◽  
Evangelos Grigoriou Sakkas ◽  
Eleni Vousoura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
State Worry ◽  
Anxiety Depression

ObjectiveThyroid dysfunction (overt and subclinical) has been consistently linked to pregnancy adversity and abnormal fetal growth and development. Mood disorders such as anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are frequently diagnosed during pregnancy and at postpartum, and emerging evidence suggests association with impaired offspring neurodevelopment and growth. This study aimed to examine potential associations between thyroid function and mood symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum.DesignThis is a prospective study measuring thyroid hormones and assessing mood symptoms by employing specific questionnaires in the same cohort of 93 healthy pregnant women at the 24th (2nd trimester) and 36th (3rd trimester) gestational weeks and at the 1st postpartum week.MethodsSerum thyroid hormones, TSH, anti-TPO, and anti-Tg antibodies were measured at the 24th (2nd trimester) and 36th (3rd trimester) gestational weeks and at the 1st postpartum week. Specific validated questionnaires were employed at the same time-points to assess separately symptoms of anxiety [Generalized Anxiety Disorder Inventory (GADI), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), STAI-State Anxiety inventory (STAI-S), STAI-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T)], depression [Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Stein’s Blues Scale (BLUES), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)], and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) [Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive scale (Y-BOCS)].ResultsAt the 2nd trimester, GADI score correlated negatively with FT3 (p < 0.010, r = −0.545) and positively with TSH (p < 0.050, r = 0.837) concentrations; GADI, PSWQ, EPDS and Y-BOCS scores correlated negatively with FT4 concentrations (p < 0.010, r = −0.768; p < 0.010, r = −0.384; p < 0.050, r = −0.364; p < 0.010, r = −0.544, respectively). At the 3rd trimester, BLUES score correlated positively with rT3 concentrations (p = 0.00, r = 0.89); GADI, EPDS, and Y-BOCS scores correlated negatively with FT4 concentrations (p = 0.001, r = − 0.468; p = 0.036, r = −0.39; p = 0.001, r = −0.625, respectively); GADI, STAI-S, and Y-BOCS scores correlated positively with TSH concentrations (p = 0.015, r = 0.435; p = 0.024, r = 0.409 p = 0.041, r = 0.389, respectively). At postpartum, PSWQ, STAI-T, EPDS, and BDI scores correlated positively with rT3 concentrations (p = 0.024, r = 0.478; p = 0.014, r = 0.527; p = 0.046, r = 0.44; p = 0.021, r = 0.556, respectively, Y-BOCS score correlated positively with TSH (p = 0.045, r = 0.43), and BLUES score correlated positively with anti-TPO antibody concentrations (p = 0.070, r = 0.586).ConclusionThe reported findings demonstrate positive associations between low-normal thyroid function at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum with anxiety, depression, and OCD scores.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on TeleMental Health in Youth Mental Health: Focus on Anxiety, Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Laura Orsolini ◽  
Simone Pompili ◽  
Virginio Salvi ◽  
Umberto Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Telemental Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Youth Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background and Objectives: The Internet is widely used and disseminated amongst youngsters and many web-based applications may serve to improve mental health care access, particularly in remote and distant sites or in settings where there is a shortage of mental health practitioners. However, in recent years, specific digital psychiatry interventions have been developed and implemented for special populations such as children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Hereby, we describe the current state-of-the-art in the field of TMH application for young mental health, focusing on recent studies concerning anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and affective disorders. Results: After screening and selection process, a total of 56 studies focusing on TMH applied to youth depression (n = 29), to only youth anxiety (n = 12) or mixed youth anxiety/depression (n = 7) and youth OCD (n = 8) were selected and retrieved. Conclusions: Telemental Health (TMH; i.e., the use of telecommunications and information technology to provide access to mental health assessment, diagnosis, intervention, consultation, supervision across distance) may offer an effective and efficacious tool to overcome many of the barriers encountering in the delivery of young mental health care.

scholarly journals Experiences of Mental Distress during COVID-19: Thematic Analysis of Discussion Forum Posts for Anxiety, Depression, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 105413732110239
Author(s):  
G. Brewer ◽  
L. Centifanti ◽  
J. Castro Caicedo ◽  
G. Huxley ◽  
C. Peddie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on coronavirus patients, health care workers, and the general population is clear. Relatively few studies have, however, considered the impact of the pandemic on those with pre-existing mental health conditions. Therefore, the present study investigates the personal experiences of those with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder during COVID-19. We conducted a qualitative study utilising Reddit discussion forum posts. We conducted three separate thematic analyses from 130 posts in subreddit forums aimed for people identifying with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. We identified a number of similar discussion forum themes (e.g., COVID-19 intensifying symptoms and a lack of social support), as well as themes that were unique to each forum type (e.g., hyperawareness and positive experiences during the pandemic). Findings should guide future practice and the support provided to those living with mental distress.

Obsessive—Compulsive Disorder as a 5-HT Subsystem-Related Behavioural Disorder

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S8) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Murphy ◽  
J. Zohar ◽  
C. Benkelfat ◽  
M. T. Pato ◽  
T. A. Pigott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Neurotransmitter System ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Uptake Inhibitors ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Abnormal Brain

Involvement of the brain serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter system in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was originally suggested on the basis of therapeutic effects found with the semi-selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, clomipramine. More recent studies directly comparing clomipramine with non-selective or norepinephrine-selective uptake inhibitors, such as desipramine or nortriptyline, as well as studies with new, more selective serotonin uptake inhibitors, including fluvoxamine and fluoxetine, have supported that hypothesis. Clomipramine's antiobsessional effect has been augmented with the serotonin precursor, L-tryptophan, or with lithium, which has prominent serotonergic effects. Patients whose OCD symptoms improved on clomipramine worsened when the drug was discontinued (regardless of duration of therapy) and improved when clomipramine was reinstituted. OCD symptoms also worsened when metergoline, a 5-HT antagonist, was given to patients who had improved with clomipramine. Metergoline given alone had no effect. Administration of m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP), a 5-HT receptor agonist, to untreated OCD patients increased their anxiety, depression, and dysphoria, and exacerbated their OC symptoms. After 4 months of clomipramine therapy, m-CPP failed to produce the same behavioural effects, suggesting an alteration of a 5-HT subsystem (possibly downregulation of some 5-HT receptors). The data reviewed suggest an important role for an abnormal brain 5-HT subsystem in patients with OCD.

scholarly journals Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Pregnancy and Postpartum

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester di Giacomo ◽  
Valeria Placenti ◽  
Fabrizia Colmegna ◽  
Massimo Clerici
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals The Association of Trait Mindfulness and Self-compassion with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms: Results from a Large Survey with Treatment-Seeking Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Leeuwerik ◽  
Kate Cavanagh ◽  
Clara Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Trait Mindfulness ◽  
Obsessive Beliefs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Little is known about the role of mindfulness and self-compassion in obsessive-compulsive disorder. This cross-sectional study examined associations of mindfulness and self-compassion with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and with the obsessive beliefs and low distress tolerance thought to maintain them. Samples of treatment-seeking adults (N = 1871) and non-treatment-seeking adults (N = 540) completed mindfulness, self-compassion, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, depression, obsessive beliefs and distress tolerance questionnaires. Participants with clinically significant obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms reported lower trait mindfulness and self-compassion compared to participants with clinically significant anxiety/depression and to non-clinical controls. Among the clinical sample, there were medium-large associations between mindfulness and self-compassion and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, obsessive beliefs and distress tolerance. Mindfulness and self-compassion were unique predictors of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, controlling for depression severity. Once effects of obsessive beliefs and distress tolerance were controlled, a small effect remained for mindfulness (facets) on obsessing symptoms and for self-compassion on washing and checking symptoms. Directions for future research and clinical implications are considered in conclusion.

Schizophrenia and obsessive compulsive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s844-s844
Author(s):  
K. Vrbova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
A. Cinculova ◽  
B. Krnacova ◽  
B. Talova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Anxiety Depression

IntroductionA recent reviews of published researchers suggest, that up to 25% of schizophrenia patients suffer from obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCs) and about 12% fulfill the diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Recently, the interest in this issue has significantly increased, probably due to the finding, that second generation antipsychotics, especially clozapine, might induce or aggravate OCs.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate and clarify the literature data about the extent to which comorbid OCs affects the severity and course of schizophrenia.MethodsThe articles were identified by the keywords “schizophrenia comorbidity” and “obsessive compulsive disorder”, using the medline and web of science search. Additional information was obtained by studying the references of summaries of relevant articles.ResultsObsessive-compulsive symptoms or fully expressed obsessive-compulsive disorder leads to more severe overall psychopathology and poorer treatment outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. This comorbidity is accompanied by increased neurocognitive impairment, high levels of anxiety, depression, and suicidality, less favorable levels of social and vocational functioning, and greater social and health service utilization.ConclusionsIn clinical practice, schizophrenia patients should be carefully monitored for OCs, which may occur at any time during the schizophrenia disease. Early recognition and targeted treatment of this comorbidity reduce patient's distress; positively influence the course of illness and overall treatment outcome.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A double-blind comparison of sertraline and clomipramine in outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Bisserbe ◽  
RM Lane ◽  
MF Flament ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Intent To Treat

SummaryThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sertraline and clomipramine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Outpatients with DSM-III-R defined OCD for 1 year or longer and scores of ≥ 20 on the YaleBrown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), ≥ 7 on the National Institute of Mental Health Global Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (NIMH-OC), ≥ 4 on the Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness Scale (CGI-S) and ≤17 on the Hamilton Depression Scale (17 item HAMD) were randomized to sertraline (n = 86) or clomipramine (n = 82) once daily for 16 weeks. Initial daily doses of sertraline and clomipramine were 50 mg. After a minimum of 4 weeks, these doses could be increased by 50 mg increments every 2 weeks to a maximum of 200 mg daily if the response was thought inadequate. Efficacy was assessed at the end of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of therapy using the Y-BOCS, NIMH-OC, CGI-S, CGI Improvement Scale (CGI-I) and Clinical Anxiety Scale (CAS). One hundred sixty-eight patients were randomized and received at least one dose of double-blind medication; 86 received sertraline and 82 clomipramine. Mean final daily doses at final visit were clomipramine 90 mg (efficacy evaluable patients 101 mg, completers 110 mg), and sertraline 129 mg (efficacy evaluable patients 132 mg, completers 136 mg). Mean baseline Y-BOCS, NIMH-OC and CGI-S totals were 27.7, 10.1 and 5.5, respectively, for sertraline and 27.4, 9.9 and 5.5, respectively, for clomipramine. Sertraline demonstrated greater efficacy than clomipramine in the intent-to-treat patient group: mean baseline to final visit changes were 50.8% (Y-BOCS), 41.9% (NIMH-OC) and 37.7% (CGI-S) for sertraline and 42.9% (Y-BOCS), 33.8% (NIMH-OC) and 30.0% (CGI-S) for clomipramine (P < 0.05). The number of patients withdrawing because of adverse events was substantially greater for clomipramine (26%) than sertraline (11%) (P < 0.05). The most frequent adverse events for clomipramine were dry mouth (20%), anxiety (17%), constipation (16%), nausea (15%) and somnolence (11%), and for sertraline, diarrhea (12%) and nausea (12%). In this study, sertraline was more effective than clomipramine in the intent-to-treat analysis. The difference in efficacy between the treatments is almost wholly accounted for by a greater number of clomipramine withdrawals due to the poor patient acceptance of clomipramine. The superior tolerability of sertraline and the lower rate of premature treatment withdrawal relative to clomipramine may offer considerable quality of life and compliance benefits in the long-term management of a chronic disorder such as OCD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document