scholarly journals Amide Proton Transfer Weighted and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging in Evaluation of Prognostic Factors for Rectal Adenocarcinoma

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Liangjie Lin ◽  
Xuemei Gao ◽  
Shenglei Li ◽  
Jingliang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Rectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Amide Proton ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
D Values

ObjectivesTo analyze the value of amide proton transfer (APT) weighted and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging in evaluation of prognostic factors for rectal adenocarcinoma, compared with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI).Materials and MethodsPreoperative pelvic MRI data of 110 patients with surgical pathologically confirmed diagnosis of rectal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively evaluated. All patients underwent high-resolution T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), APT, IVIM, and DWI. Parameters including APT signal intensity (APT SI), pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured in different histopathologic types, grades, stages, and structure invasion statuses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy, and the corresponding area under the curves (AUCs) were calculated.ResultsAPT SI, D and ADC values of rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) were significantly higher than those of rectal common adenocarcinoma (AC) ([3.192 ± 0.661%] vs. [2.333 ± 0.471%], [1.153 ± 0.238×10-3 mm2/s] vs. [0.792 ± 0.173×10-3 mm2/s], and [1.535 ± 0.203×10-3 mm2/s] vs. [0.986 ± 0.124×10-3 mm2/s], respectively; all P<0.001). In AC group, the APT SI and D values showed significant differences between low- and high-grade tumors ([2.226 ± 0.347%] vs. [2.668 ± 0.638%], and [0.842 ± 0.148×10-3 mm2/s] vs. [0.777 ± 0.178×10-3 mm2/s], respectively, both P<0.05). The D value had significant difference between positive and negative extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) tumors ([0.771 ± 0.175×10-3 mm2/s] vs. [0.858 ± 0.151×10-3 mm2/s], P<0.05). No significant difference of APT SI, D, D*, f or ADC was observed in different T stages, N stages, perineural and lymphovascular invasions (all P>0.05). The ROC curves showed that the AUCs of APT SI, D and ADC values for distinguishing MC from AC were 0.921, 0.893 and 0.995, respectively. The AUCs of APT SI and D values in distinguishing low- from high-grade AC were 0.737 and 0.663, respectively. The AUC of the D value for evaluating EMVI involvement was 0.646.ConclusionAPT and IVIM were helpful to assess the prognostic factors related to rectal adenocarcinoma, including histopathological type, tumor grade and the EMVI status.

Amide proton transfer imaging for differentiation of tuberculomas from high-grade gliomas: Preliminary experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092110027
Author(s):  
Karthik Kulanthaivelu ◽  
Shumyla Jabeen ◽  
Jitender Saini ◽  
Sanita Raju ◽  
Atchayaram Nalini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Amide Proton ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Saturation Pulse ◽  
Amide Proton Transfer ◽  
High Grade Gliomas ◽  
Amide Protons

Purpose Tuberculomas can occasionally masquerade as high-grade gliomas (HGG). Evidence from magnetisation transfer (MT) imaging suggests that there is lower protein content in the tuberculoma microenvironment. Building on the principles of chemical exchange saturation transfer and MT, amide proton transfer (APT) imaging generates tissue contrast as a function of the mobile amide protons in tissue’s native peptides and intracellular proteins. This study aimed to further the understanding of tuberculomas using APT and to compare it with HGG. Method Twenty-two patients ( n = 8 tuberculoma; n = 14 HGG) were included in the study. APT was a 3D turbo spin-echo Dixon sequence with inbuilt B0 correction. A two-second, 2 μT saturation pulse alternating over transmit channels was applied at ±3.5 ppm around water resonance. The APT-weighted image (APTw) was computed as the MT ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) at 3.5 ppm. Mean MTRasym values in regions of interest (areas = 9 mm2; positioned in component with homogeneous enhancement/least apparent diffusion coefficient) were used for the analysis. Results MTRasym values of tuberculomas ( n = 14; 8 cases) ranged from 1.34% to 3.11% ( M = 2.32 ± 0.50). HGG ( n = 17;14 cases) showed MTRasym ranging from 2.40% to 5.70% ( M = 4.32 ± 0.84). The inter-group difference in MTRasym was statistically significant ( p < 0.001). APTw images in tuberculomas were notable for high MTRasym values in the perilesional oedematous-appearing parenchyma (compared to contralateral white matter; p < 0.001). Conclusion Tuberculomas demonstrate lower MTRasym ratios compared to HGG, reflective of a relative paucity of mobile amide protons in the ambient microenvironment. Elevated MTRasym values in perilesional parenchyma in tuberculomas are a unique observation that may be a clue to the inflammatory milieu.

Diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating between high-grade gliomas and brain metastases

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionut Caravan ◽  
Cristiana Augusta Ciortea ◽  
Alexandra Contis ◽  
Andrei Lebovici
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Peritumoral Edema ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean

Background High-grade gliomas (HGGs) and brain metastases (BMs) can display similar imaging characteristics on conventional MRI. In HGGs, the peritumoral edema may be infiltrated by the malignant cells, which was not observed in BMs. Purpose To determine whether the apparent diffusion coefficient values could differentiate HGGs from BMs. Material and Methods Fifty-seven patients underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) before treatment. The minimum and mean ADC in the enhancing tumor (ADCmin, ADCmean) and the minimum ADC in the peritumoral region (ADCedema) were measured from ADC maps. To determine whether there was a statistical difference between groups, ADC values were compared. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the cutoff ADC value for distinguishing between HGGs and BMs. Results The mean ADCmin values in the intratumoral regions of HGGs were significantly higher than those in BMs. No differences were observed between groups regarding ADCmean values. The mean ADCmin values in the peritumoral edema of HGGs were significantly lower than those in BMs. According to ROC curve analysis, a cutoff value of 1.332 × 10−3 mm2/s for the ADCedema generated the best combination of sensitivity (95%) and specificity (84%) for distinguishing between HGGs and BMs. The same value showed a sensitivity of 95.6% and a specificity of 100% for distinguishing between GBMs and BMs. Conclusion ADC values from DWI were found to distinguish between HGGs and solitary BMs. The peritumoral ADC values are better than the intratumoral ADC values in predicting the tumor type.

Can the apparent diffusion coefficient differentiate the grade of endometrioid adenocarcinoma and the histological subtype of endometrial cancer?

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yan ◽  
Tingting Zhao ◽  
Xiufen Liang ◽  
Chen Niu ◽  
Caixia Ding
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Endometrial Cancers

Background Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) provides useful information for the identification of benign and malignant uterine lesions. However, the use of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for histopathological grading of endometrial cancer is controversial. Purpose To explore the use of ADC values in differentiating the preoperative tumor grading of endometrioid adenocarcinomas and investigate the relationship between the ADC values of endometrial cancer and the histological tumor subtype. Material and Methods We retrospectively evaluated 98 patients with endometrial cancers, including both endometrioid adenocarcinomas (n = 80) and non-endometrioid adenocarcinomas (n = 18). All patients underwent DWI procedures and ADC values were calculated. The Kruskal–Wallis test and the independent samples Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare differences in the ADC values between different tumor grades and different histological subtypes. Results The mean ADC values (ADCmean) for high-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas were significantly lower than the values for low-grade tumors (0.800 versus 0.962 × 10–3 mm2/s) ( P = 0.002). However, no significant differences in ADCmean and minimum ADC values (ADCmin) were found between tumor grades (G1, G2, and G3) of endometrial cancer. Compared with endometrioid adenocarcinomas, the adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation showed lower ADC values (mean/minimum = 0.863/0.636 versus 0.962/0.689 × 10–3 mm2/s), but the differences were not significant ( Pmean = 0.074, Pmin = 0.441). Moreover, ADCmean for carcinosarcomas was significantly higher than the value for G3 non-carcinosarcoma endometrial cancers (1.047 versus 0.823 × 10–3 mm2/s) ( P = 0.001). Conclusion The ADCmean was useful for identifying high-grade and low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Additionally, squamous differentiation may decrease ADCmean and ADCmin of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and carcinosarcomas showed relatively high ADCmean.

scholarly journals Assessment of the percentage of apparent diffusion coefficient value changes as an early indicator of the response of colorectal hepatic metastases to chemotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Gamal El-Husseiny ◽  
Sayed Mohamed Mehana ◽  
Sherif Farouk El Zawawy
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Hepatic Metastasis ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Adc Values

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer is considered one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of DWI-MRI in predicting response to chemotherapy in this cohort. The study included 30 lesions in 20 biopsy proven-colorectal cancer patients with hepatic metastasis larger than 1 cm. All patients underwent both triphasic CT with intravenous contrast, pre-chemotherapy MRI (axial T2 and DW sequences) which was repeated 21 days following chemotherapy. A follow-up CT was done 2 months later. The response of the lesions was evaluated using the RESCIST criteria. On MRI, the lesions corresponding to the ones chosen on CT were identified and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of pre- and post-chemotherapy images were recorded and correlated with the CT results. Results In the study, 17 (56.7%) of the lesions showed response to chemotherapy while 13 (43.3%) were non-responding. There was no significant difference in pretreatment ADC values between responding and non-responding lesions (p = 0.14). The mean percentage increase in ADC values in responding lesions was 42% compared to 18% in non-responding lesions (p < 0.001). Lesions that showed less than 18% increase were all found to be non-responsive Conclusion DWI-MRI has an emerging role in early assessment of early treatment response that can be detected before morphological response for patients with hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer. Based on our study, the use of 25 % as the cutoff point of percent difference in ADC for detection of non-responding lesions proved to be successful only 21 days after the 1st chemotherapy cycle.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Histopathology of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Intravoxel Incoherent Motion-Diffusion Weighted Imaging Comparing With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Jinggang Zhang ◽  
Man Jiang ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Tongbing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
D Values

ObjectivesTo explore the differences between intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in evaluating the histopathological characters of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 50 patients with PDAC confirmed by pathology from December 2018 to May 2020. All patients underwent DWI and IVIM-DWI before surgeries. Patients were classified into low- and high-fibrosis groups. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), diffusion coefficient (D), false diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were measured by two radiologists, respectively in GE AW 4.7 post-processing station, wherein ADC values were derived by mono-exponential fits and f, D, D* values were derived by biexponential fits. The tumor tissue was stained with Sirius red, CD34, and CK19 to evaluate fibrosis, microvascular density (MVD), and tumor cell density. Furthermore, the correlation between ADC, D, D*, and f values and histopathological results was analyzed.ResultsThe D values were lower in the high-fibrosis group than in the low-fibrosis group, while the f values were opposite. Further, no statistically significant differences were detected in ADC and D* values between the high- and low-fibrosis groups. The AUC of D and f values had higher evaluation efficacy in the high- and low-fibrosis groups than ADC values. A significant negative correlation was established between D values, and fibrosis and a significant positive correlation were observed between f values and fibrosis. No statistical difference was detected between DWI/IVIM parameters values and MVD or tumor cell density except for the positive correlation between D* values and tumor cell density.ConclusionsD and f values derived from the IVIM model had higher sensitivity and diagnostic performance for grading fibrosis in PDAC compared to the conventional DWI model. IVIM-DWI may have the potential as an imaging biomarker for predicting the fibrosis grade of PDAC.

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