scholarly journals Improving Informed Consent for Novel Vaccine Research in a Pediatric Hospital Setting Using a Blended Research-Design Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally M. Jackson ◽  
Margherita Daverio ◽  
Silvia Lorenzo Perez ◽  
Francesco Gesualdo ◽  
Alberto E. Tozzi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Impact

It is necessary to conduct Clinical Trials in children, including for novel vaccines. Children cannot legally provide valid consent, but can assent to research participation. Informed consent and assent communications are frequently criticized for their lack of comprehensibility and often, researchers do not involve patients in informed consent design. We tested a blended research-design approach to co-design multimedia informed consent prototypes for experimental vaccine studies targeted at the pediatric population. We report details on the methodology utilized, and the insights, ideas, and prototype solutions we generated using social media data analysis, a survey, and workshops. A survey of clinical trial researchers indicated that while the most did not use technology for informed consent, they considered its utilization favorable. Social media analysis enabled researchers to quickly understand where community perspectives were concordant and discordant and build their understanding of the types of topics that they may want to focus on during the design workshops. Participatory design workshops for children and their families reaped insights, ideas, and prototypes for a range of tools including apps and websites. Participants felt that the prototypes were better able to communicate necessary content than the original text document format. We propose using a participatory, mixed-methods approach to design informed consent so that it is better adapted to patients' needs. Such an approach would be helpful in better addressing the needs of different segments of the populations involved in clinical trials. Further evidence should be gained about the impact of this strategy in improving recruitment, decreasing withdrawals and litigations, and improving patient satisfaction during clinical trials.

Building capacity and ensuring equity in clinical trials during the COVID-19 pandemic.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13598-e13598
Author(s):  
Helen Winter ◽  
Joanna Willis ◽  
Stephen Lang ◽  
Kay Drury ◽  
Jonathan Heywood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Treatment Interruptions ◽  
Clinical Ward ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Future ◽  
Ward Rounds ◽  
Equity Of Access ◽  
The Impact

e13598 Background: The impact on cancer outcomes from the Covid-19 pandemic has yet to be determined. Concerns persist on screening, delays in diagnosis, treatment interruptions and outcomes of infection in the immunosuppressed. The need for agile working has been exemplified by establishment of Nightingale Hospitals, staff redeployment and sudden integration of virtual consultations into clinical working. With most cancer clinical trials halted, recruitment into COVID-19 research became essential and embedded into the everyday. Here we present how rapid implementation of COVID-19 randomised clinical trials within an NHS organisation during the pandemic was achieved. Methods: A COVID-19 senior facilitation committee was set up to provide oversight, maximise staff capacity and resource and prioritise studies. Specific strategies to maximise access and clinical trials recruitment for patients including children and those with solid tumours were designed. These included presence of a research nurse at clinical ward rounds and team meetings, the promotion of protocol and informed consent training to all including doctors in the acute settings and weekly research meetings to share-best practice. Reflecting on learnings from this time provide an opportunity to consider how we adjust working for our patients in the future. Results: The integration of research into the everyday working of clinical teams looking after patients with COVID-19 has become the norm. The provision of protocol and informed consent training for all levels of staff and the consideration of all patients for trials during clinical ward rounds and multi-disciplinary meetings, have ensured access to trials has become embedded. The integration of research nurses working, upskilling and prompting clinical colleagues has ensured equity of access and provided a research presence and focus during the busy clinical day. The adoption of cross-disciplinary working, sharing best practice and a culture of commitment and support to the trials ensures no patient is denied the opportunity to participate. Three RTCs opened over 7 weeks. At one site 1904 patients were screened for one of the randomised-controlled trials and over 18% of these patients (351) were recruited and 175 patients declined. Conclusions: The pandemic has had a devastating impact across the UK. However, a coordinated and collaborative multi-disciplinary approach has supported high recruitment and equity of access for patients into COVID-19 trials. Learnings from this work may lead to embedding clinical trials and access to translational research for cancer patients in the future as we recover from the full impact of the pandemic. COVID-19 research has demonstrated how increased recruitment accelerates access and implementation of new innovations and novel drug combinations.The full impact of improved access to cancer research in the future during COVID recovery is worthy of more research.

Computational Journalism Analysis on Young Adults' Body Images and Attitudes Toward Plastic Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Chutisant Kerdvibulvech ◽  
Pattaragun Wanishwattana
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Social Media Analysis ◽  
Body Images ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
The Impact

Computational journalism, especially social media analysis, is a very popular field in computational science. This study was conducted to explore and analyze the impact of the intensity of the exposure to social media on young Thai adults' body images and attitudes toward plastic surgery. The purposive sampling method was used for choosing 250 young Thai men and women aged 21 to 40 who used Facebook and/or Instagram on a regular basis. Online survey questionnaires were posted on Facebook for one month to achieve the results. It was found that young Thai adults frequently and heavily used both social media. Having appearance pressure from and repeated social comparison with idealistic media images, a considerable number of participants displayed more negative self-perceptions and engaged in appearance-changing strategies through increased appearance investment. The results showed that the more these young adults were exposed to social media, the more they were likely to develop a negative body image of themselves, which later caused their attitude toward plastic surgery to be positive.

scholarly journals Impact of Social Media on Community Consultation in Exception From Informed Consent Clinical Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Harvin ◽  
Jeanette M. Podbielski ◽  
Laura E. Vincent ◽  
Mike K. Liang ◽  
Lillian S. Kao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Community Consultation

scholarly journals Study of situation awareness of cultural security based on social media analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 155014772090360
Author(s):  
Jianjun Li ◽  
Yonghui Dai ◽  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
Jin Xian
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Hip Hop Culture ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Online Comments ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
The Impact

With the intercultural exchanges between different countries becoming more and more frequent, the degree of cultural exchanges is gradually deepening, which brings more and more cultural security problems. As an important part of national security, cultural security is closely related to national interests. This article takes Chinese college students and social workers who just graduated as research objects, takes online comments on “hip-hop” culture and “funeral culture” as research objects, and uses literature research and empirical research methods to analyze social media comments and study the cultural security situation in China. It is concluded that online comments have a significant impact on cultural identity and cultural security, and negative online comments have a greater impact on both than positive online comments. In addition, cultural identity has a significant impact on cultural security. At the same time, the impact of cultural identity on online comments and cultural security is partly mediated. The results of this study will help to provide reference and guidance for the maintenance of cultural security.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on oncology clinical trial recruitment in an Irish cancer center.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18756-e18756
Author(s):  
Ronan Andrew McLaughlin ◽  
Valerie Madigan ◽  
Maureen O'Grady ◽  
Thamir Andrew Mahgoub ◽  
Roshni Andrew Kalachand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cancer Clinical Trial ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Clinical Trials ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

e18756 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented disruptions to cancer clinical trial research across the world due to a temporary global suspension of patients’ recruitment to cancer clinical trials. Access to clinical trials permits better treatment options and best clinical practice standards for patients with cancer. We present the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer clinical trial activity at the Cancer Clinical Trials Unit (CCTU) at the Mid-Western Cancer Centre, University Hospital Limerick (UHL). Over the last 4 years 28 clinical trials, both interventional and translational, have opened here, across a variety of primary disease sites, with 5 trials opened in 2017, 11 in 2018, 7 in 2019 but only 2 in the first 10 months of 2020 until 3 further trials were opened in December. Methods: CCTU records were reviewed to identify the number of patients screened and consented to participate in cancer clinical trials at UHL in 2020, which were compared directly with corresponding numbers for 2019. Results: In 2019, 17 clinical trials were open and recruiting at the CCTU, UHL. During 2020, 19 trials were recruiting although during the 1st surge of the COVID-19 pandemic recruitment was essentially suspended and CCTU staff were redeployed throughout the hospital. 1st Six months 2020 vs 2019 In the six months from January 2020 until the end of June 2020, 99 patients were screened and only 15 (15.2%) signed informed consent to participate in a cancer clinical trial. When these figures are directly compared with the first six months of 2019, there is a 33% reduction in patients screened for participation (147 vs 99) and a 60% reduction in patients consented (37 vs 15) to clinical trials. 12 Months 2020 vs 2019 In total during 2019, 376 patients were screened for inclusion to participate and 49 (13%) patients signed informed consent to participate in a clinical trial within CCTU at UHL. In 2020, 914 patients were screened for participation with 51 patients consented to participate (5.6%). The majority (45/51 (88%)) of patients consented to cancer clinical trials in 2020 at the CCTU, UHL were recruited to translational based studies and only 6 (12%) consented to interventional studies compared with 2019 when 30/49 (61%) consented to translational and 30/49 (39%) to interventional studies. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the percentage of patients consented to participation in a clinical trial reduced significantly, as compared to the previous year (5.6% vs 13%). Fewer interventional studies have recruited patients during 2020. As we enter the third surge of COVID-19 infections in Ireland, we must continue to monitor and identify effective strategies to navigate the ever-changing situation for cancer clinical trials, in an attempt to maintain access to high quality cancer clinical trial opportunities for our patients.

scholarly journals Athlete Brand Development in Social Media: Analysis of Students’ Attitudes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (121) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Karolina Deliautaitė ◽  
Silvija Baubonytė ◽  
Inga Staškevičiūtė-Butienė ◽  
Irena Valantinė
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Sport Management ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Positioning Strategy ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Background. Athlete brand image management is one of the most popular topics of discussion in sport management right now. As professional sport has become a commercialised industry segment with more athletes involved, athletes are becoming promotional faces. Most professional athletes are involved in the use of social networks. There athletes actively demonstrate their personal lives, professional accents and advertise products. It is important to understand and analyse the impact of social networks on an athlete’s brand and ways to properly position themselves in social media. Using social networks, athletes are closer to fans and consumers than ever before. Based on and applying the Athlete Brand model developed by Arai (2010), this study aimed to investigate students’ attitudes towards athletes’ self-positioning on social networks. Methods. The study involved 367 students (151 men and 216 women) from three Lithuanian universities. The Arai (2010) questionnaire was used for the study. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 26.0. Results. It has been found that athletes’ sports performance is statistically significant in the development of a professional athlete’s brand, it is the fundamental aspect that creates the initial status of athlete’s brand. Results showed that the strongest direct causal link was found between an athlete’s athletic performance and lifestyle. It was also found that very strong links, in the opinion of the respondents, were between the athletes’ communication and behaviours. Conclusions. When building an athlete’s brand, it is important to pay attention to three key components: athletic performance, attractive appearance, and marketable lifestyle. These three uses of an athlete’s brand can be explained by specific aspects of sports competitions or components of personal life. However, one of the most important factors in shaping a positive image of an athlete is athletic achievements. Practical implications. This study can provide a consistent consumer approach to key aspects, focusing on consumer attention in athlete positioning. This can help the athlete and marketers develop an appropriate personal branding and positioning strategy in social media, which will then broaden the circle of fans and strengthen the opinion of loyal fans. Athlete’s brand is a set of closely interrelated and fan-centred physical, functional, aesthetic, and emotional elements that sets athlete’s brand apart from competitors and creates financial benefits for the athlete. The brand creates benefits not only for the athlete, but also for the market participants around him/her (consumer/fan, commercial brand), which can be called the functions of the brand. Keywords: Athlete’s image, social network, brand relationship.  

scholarly journals The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Branding

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-246
Author(s):  
Varsha P. S. ◽  
Shahriar Akter ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Saikat Gochhait ◽  
Basanna Patagundi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Citation Analysis ◽  
Brand Choice ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Social Media Analytics ◽  
Information Cascades ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Value Propositions ◽  
The Impact

Understanding the growth paths of artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on branding is extremely pertinent of technology-driven marketing. This explorative research covers a complete bibliometric analysis of the impact of AI on branding. The sample for this research included all 117 articles from the period of 1982-2019 in the Scopus database. A bibliometric study was conducted using co-occurrence, citation analysis and co-citation analysis. The empirical analysis investigates the value propositions of AI on branding. The study revealed the nine clusters of co-occurrence: Social Media Analytics and Brand Equity; Neural Networks and Brand Choice; Chat Bots-Brand Intimacy; Twitter, Facebook, Instagram-Luxury Brands; Interactive Agent-Brand Love and User Choice; Algorithm Recommendations and E-Brand Experience; User-Generated Content-Brand Sustainability; Brand Intelligence Analytics; and Digital Innovations and Brand Excellence. The findings also identify four clusters of citation analysis—Social Media Analysis and Brand Photos, Network Analysis and E-Commerce, Hybrid Simulating Modelling, and Real-time Knowledge-Based Systems—and four clusters of co-citation analysis: B2B Technology Brands, AI Fostered E-Brands, Information Cascades and Online Brand Ratings, and Voice Assistants-Brand Eureka Moments. Overall, the study presents the patterns of convergence and divergence of themes, narrowing to the specific topic, and multidisciplinary engagement in research, thus offering the recent insights in the field of AI on branding.

scholarly journals SMAFED: Real-Time Event Detection in Social Media Streams

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Kolajo ◽  
Olawande Daramola ◽  
Ayodele A. Adebiyi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Event Detection ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Semantic Relatedness ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Stream ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Interactions via social media platforms have made it possible for anyone, irrespective of physical location, to gain access to quick information on events taking place all over the globe. However, the semantic processing of social media data is complicated due to challenges such as language complexity, unstructured data, and ambiguity. In this paper, we proposed the Social Media Analysis Framework for Event Detection (SMAFED). SMAFED aims to facilitate improved semantic analysis of noisy terms in social media streams, improved representation/embedding of social media stream content, and improved summarisation of event clusters in social media streams. For this, we employed key concepts such as integrated knowledge base, resolving ambiguity, semantic representation of social media streams, and Semantic Histogram-based Incremental Clustering based on semantic relatedness. Two evaluation experiments were conducted to validate the approach. First, we evaluated the impact of the data enrichment layer of SMAFED. We found that SMAFED outperformed other pre-processing frameworks with a lower loss function of 0.15 on the first dataset and 0.05 on the second dataset. Secondly, we determined the accuracy of SMAFED at detecting events from social media streams. The result of this second experiment showed that SMAFED outperformed existing event detection approaches with better Precision (0.922), Recall (0.793), and F-Measure (0.853) metric scores. The findings of the study present SMAFED as a more efficient approach to event detection in social media.

Exploring the impact of short-text complexity and structure on its quality in social media

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Al Qundus ◽  
Adrian Paschke ◽  
Shivam Gupta ◽  
Ahmad M. Alzouby ◽  
Malik Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
External Source ◽  
Trust Model ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Text Quality ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore to which extent the quality of social media short text without extensions can be investigated and what are the predictors, if any, of such short text that lead to trust its content.Design/methodology/approachThe paper applies a trust model to classify data collections based on metadata into four classes: Very Trusted, Trusted, Untrusted and Very Untrusted. These data are collected from the online communities, Genius and Stack Overflow. In order to evaluate short texts in terms of its trust levels, the authors have conducted two investigations: (1) A natural language processing (NLP) approach to extract relevant features (i.e. Part-of-Speech and various readability indexes). The authors report relatively good performance of the NLP study. (2) A machine learning technique in more precise, a random forest (RF) classifierusing bag-of-words model (BoW).FindingsThe investigation of the RF classifier using BoW shows promising intermediate results (on average 62% accuracy of both online communities) in short-text quality identification that leads to trust.Practical implicationsAs social media becomes an increasingly new and attractive source of information, which is mostly provided in the form of short texts, businesses (e.g. in search engines for smart data) can filter content without having to apply complex approaches and continue to deal with information that is considered more trustworthy.Originality/valueShort-text classifications with regard to a criterion (e.g. quality, readability) are usually extended by an external source or its metadata. This enhancement either changes the original text if it is an additional text from an external source, or it requires text metadata that is not always available. To this end, the originality of this study faces the challenge of investigating the quality of short text (i.e. social media text) without having to extend or modify it using external sources. This modification alters the text and distorts the results of the investigation.

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