Compensatory Changes in the Anterior Segment and Vascular System of the Eye in Myopic Children After Orthokeratology

Purpose: To analyze changes in the anterior segment, retinal vessel density, and choroidal thickness (ChT) after orthokeratology (Ortho-K).Methods: Myopic children were enrolled from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China. Ortho-K lenses and single-vision spectacles were fitted for myopia correction. Ocular measurements were taken at baseline and 6 months, including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), white to white (WTW), ChT, macular vessel density (MVD), and optic disc vessel density (OVD).Results: Seventy-six patients were enrolled in this study, including 40 in the Ortho-K group and 36 in the control group. At baseline, no parameters between the two groups were statistically different. After 6 months, changes in CCT and ACD decreased in the Ortho-K group compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05); LT and ChT in the Ortho-K group were thicker than those in the control group (p < 0.05), while there was no difference in MVD and OVD compared with those in the control group (p > 0.05). There were moderate positive correlations between ChT and LT and between ChT and OVD in the Ortho-K group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The changes in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye after Ortho-K lens wearing suggest that the human eye has a powerful compensatory effect on the imposed defocus.

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Evaluation of Anterior Segment’s Structures in Tilted Disc Syndrome

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/5185207 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ercan Ozsoy ◽

Abuzer Gunduz ◽

Ersin Ersan Demirel ◽

Tongabay Cumurcu

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Control Group ◽

Tilted Disc Syndrome ◽

Chamber Volume ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tilted Disc

Purpose. To evaluate anterior segment’s structures by Pentacam in patients with tilted disc syndrome (TDS).Methods. Group 1 included forty-six eyes of forty-six patients who have the TDS. Group 2 including forty-six eyes of forty-six cases was the control group which was equal to the study group in age, gender, and refraction. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed in both groups. All cases were evaluated by Pentacam. The axial length (AL) of eyes was measured by ultrasound. Quantitative data obtained from these measurements were compared between two groups.Results. There was no statistically significant difference for age, gender, axial length, and spherical equivalent measurements between two groups (p=0.625,p=0.830,p=0.234, andp=0.850). There was a statistically significant difference for central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and pupil size measurements between two groups (p=0.001,p=0.0001,p=0.003, andp=0.001). Also, there was no statistically significant difference for anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and lens thickness (LT) measurements between two groups (p=0.130,p=0.910, andp=0.057).Conclusion. We determined that CCT was thinner, CV was less, and ACA was narrower in patients with TDS. There are some changes in the anterior segment of the eyes with tilted disc.

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Short-Term Changes in the Anterior Segment and Retina after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20459/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanwei Chen ◽

Huaping Liao ◽

Yue Sun ◽

Xi Shen

Keyword(s):

Layer Thickness ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Small Incision Lenticule Extraction ◽

Short Term ◽

Small Incision ◽

Lenticule Extraction

Abstract Background: To analyse short-term changes in the anterior segment and retina after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).Methods: Patients with myopia scheduled for SMILE were recruited from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China. Basic patient information such as age, sex, and refractive errors was recorded. Ocular measurements were taken before surgery, and 1 day and 1 week after surgery; they included axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), white to white (WTW), pupil diameter (PD), macular thickness (MT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), choroidal thickness (CT), macular vessel density, and optic disc vessel density.Results: Sixty-one eyes of 31 patients were selected for this study. AL, CCT, ACD, and postoperative PD were significantly reduced (p<0.05), while LT was thickened after surgery (p<0.05). MT at the fovea decreased 1 day and 1 week after surgery (p<0.05). GCL showed no significant changes after surgery. RNFL was unchanged 1 day after surgery, but the inferior sector was thickened 1 week after surgery. CT was thicker at the fovea 1 day after surgery and 1.0 mm from the fovea in the nasal sector 1 week after surgery. Macular vessel density was significantly decreased 1 day after surgery and most recovered in 1 week. Optic disc vessel density decreased at the peripapillary part 1 day after surgery and recovered after 1 week. 𝜟ACD and 𝜟LT showed no significant correlation 1 day after surgery. 𝜟ACD was negatively correlated with 𝜟LT and sphere 1 week after surgery (r=-0.847, p<0.000; r=-0.398, p=0.002). 𝜟LT was positively correlated with the sphere 1 week after surgery (r=0.256, p=0.048).Conclusion: The anterior segment was the most affected, while the retina also underwent changes with regard to MT, RNFL, CT, macular vessel density, and peripapillary vessel density.

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The Impact of Chronic Heart Failure on Retinal Vessel Density Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10122659 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2659

Author(s):

Klaudia Rakusiewicz ◽

Krystyna Kanigowska ◽

Wojciech Hautz ◽

Lidia Ziółkowska

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Retinal Vessel ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Capillary Plexus ◽

Retinal Vessel Density

(1) Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess retinal vessel density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus layer (SP) and deep capillary plexus layer (DP) in children with chronic heart failure (CHF) in the course of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). (2) Methods: Thirty children with CHF due to DCM lasting more than six months, with an enlarged left ventricle and impaired left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 55%), were enrolled to have both their eyes assessed for this study. Mean age of the children was 9.9 ± 3.57 years. The control group consisted of an additional 30 children without CHF (mean age 11.27 ± 3.33 years) matched for age and gender against the study group. All participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography to measure LVEF using Simpson method. Blood serum was tested for N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) marker value. All children underwent OCTA with evaluation of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), whole superficial vessel density (wsVD), foveal superficial vessel density (fsVD), parafoveal superficial vessel density (psVD), whole deep vessel density (wdVD), foveal deep vessel density (fdVD), parafoveal deep vessel density (pdVD), whole thickness (WT), foveal thickness (FT), and parafoveal thickness (PFT). (3) Results: Retinal VD in SP was significantly lower in children with CHF as compared to the controls. The following SP parameters in the study group were statistically significantly lower than these same measurements for the control group. Details, with study group findings quantified first, include wsVD (46.2% vs. 49.83%, p < 0.05), fsVD (18.07% vs. 24.15%, p < 0.05), and psVD (49.24% vs. 52.51%, p < 0.05). The WT (311.03 micrometers (μm) vs. 323.55 μm, p < 0.05), FT (244.57 μm vs. 256.98 μm, p < 0.05), and PFT (320.63 μm vs. 332.02 μm, p < 0.05). No significant differences in DP retinal VD were found between the two groups. No statistically significant differences in the FAZ were found. The fsVD and FT were correlated with biometry and the age of the study participants. There was a correlation between FAZ and FT (p < 0.001). There were no correlations between retinal VD in both plexuses and refractive error, sex, NT-proBNP, and LVEF. (4) Conclusions: In children with CHF in the course of DCM as compared to the control group, significantly decreased retinal VD in SP was observed. The results of our study indicate that measurements of the OCTA may be a useful diagnostic method in children with chronic heart failure, but it is necessary to conduct further studies in larger groups of participants and long-term observation of these patients.

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Short-term changes in the anterior segment and retina after small incision lenticule extraction

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-020-01668-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yanwei Chen ◽

Huaping Liao ◽

Yue Sun ◽

Xi Shen

Keyword(s):

Layer Thickness ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Small Incision Lenticule Extraction ◽

Short Term ◽

Small Incision ◽

Lenticule Extraction

Abstract Background To analyse short-term changes in the anterior segment and retina after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods Patients with myopia scheduled for SMILE were recruited from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China. Basic patient information such as age, sex, and refractive errors was recorded. Ocular measurements were taken before surgery, and 1 day and 1 week after surgery; they included axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), white to white (WTW), pupil diameter (PD), macular thickness (MT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), choroidal thickness (CT), macular vessel density, and optic disc vessel density. Results Sixty-one eyes of 31 patients were selected for this study. AL, CCT, ACD, and postoperative PD were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), while LT was thickened after surgery (p < 0.05). MT at the fovea decreased 1 day and 1 week after surgery (p < 0.05). GCL showed no significant changes after surgery. RNFL was unchanged 1 day after surgery, but the inferior sector was thickened 1 week after surgery. CT was thicker at the fovea 1 day after surgery and 1.0 mm from the fovea in the nasal sector 1 week after surgery. Macular vessel density was significantly decreased 1 day after surgery and most recovered in 1 week. Optic disc vessel density decreased at the peripapillary part 1 day after surgery and recovered after 1 week. ΔACD and ΔLT showed no significant correlation 1 day after surgery. ΔACD was negatively correlated with ΔLT and sphere 1 week after surgery (r = − 0.847, p < 0.000; r = − 0.398, p = 0.002). ΔLT was positively correlated with the sphere 1 week after surgery (r = 0.256, p = 0.048). Conclusion The anterior segment was the most affected, while the retina also underwent changes with regard to MT, RNFL, CT, macular vessel density, and peripapillary vessel density.

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Short-Term Changes in the Anterior Segment and Retina after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20459/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanwei Chen ◽

Huaping Liao ◽

Yue Sun ◽

Xi Shen

Keyword(s):

Layer Thickness ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Small Incision Lenticule Extraction ◽

Short Term ◽

Small Incision ◽

Lenticule Extraction

Abstract Background: To analyse short-term changes in the anterior segment and retina after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods: Patients with myopia scheduled for SMILE were recruited from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China. Basic patient information such as age, sex, and refractive errors was recorded. Ocular measurements were taken before surgery, and 1 day and 1 week after surgery; they included axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), white to white (WTW), pupil diameter (PD), macular thickness (MT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), choroidal thickness (CT), macular vessel density, and optic disc vessel density. Results: Sixty-one eyes of 31 patients were selected for this study. AL, CCT, ACD, and postoperative PD were significantly reduced (p<0.05), while LT was thickened after surgery (p<0.05). MT at the fovea decreased 1 day and 1 week after surgery (p<0.05). GCL showed no significant changes after surgery. RNFL was unchanged 1 day after surgery, but the inferior sector was thickened 1 week after surgery. CT was thicker at the fovea 1 day after surgery and 1.0 mm from the fovea in the nasal sector 1 week after surgery. Macular vessel density was significantly decreased 1 day after surgery and most recovered in 1 week. Optic disc vessel density decreased at the peripapillary part 1 day after surgery and recovered after 1 week. 𝜟ACD and 𝜟LT showed no significant correlation 1 day after surgery. 𝜟ACD was negatively correlated with 𝜟LT and sphere 1 week after surgery (r=-0.847, p<0.000; r=-0.398, p=0.002). 𝜟LT was positively correlated with the sphere 1 week after surgery (r=0.256, p=0.048). Conclusion: The anterior segment was the most affected, while the retina also underwent changes with regard to MT, RNFL, CT, macular vessel density, and peripapillary vessel density.

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Vessel Density and Structural Measurements in Primary Angle-Closure Suspect Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/7526185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Yi Zha ◽

Juanjuan Chen ◽

Shuyu Liu ◽

Jinfei Zhuang ◽

Jianqiu Cai

Keyword(s):

Retinal Vessel ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Control Group ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Retinal Vessel Density

Purpose. To measure the macular retinal vessel density (VD) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in primary angle-closure suspects (PACS) by Angio-OCT to be compared with normal subjects. Methods. Primary angle-closure suspect patients and normal subjects were enrolled in this study. The demographic and clinical characteristics of all subjects, such as RNFL thickness, retinal vessel density, and ocular perfusion pressure, were compared. Results. No significant difference was found in both groups on age, sex distribution, intraocular pressure (IOP), and retinal vessel density. The PACS group exhibited significantly thicker RNFL thickness compared with the control group. The deep vessel density was negatively associated with age ( P = − 0.034 ), while IOP had negative association with ACD ( P = − 0.019 ). OPP was independently associated with RNFL ( B = 0.334 , P = 0.038 ) in the PACS group. Conclusions. OCTA showed significant thicker change on RNFL in the PACS group. Only OPP was independently associated with RNFL in the PACS group.

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