scholarly journals Stress and Metabolomics for Prediction of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Prospective Nested Case-Control Study in a Tertiary Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongni Huang ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Xiyao Liu ◽  
Yuxiang Bai ◽  
Mengshi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Deficiency of effective predict methods is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Numbers of researchers spare no efforts to investigate differential indicators. To evaluate the value of the differential indicators, a prospective nested case-control study was carried out. Among an overall cohort of 1,050 pregnancies, 20 sPTB pregnancies, and 20 full-term pregnancies were enrolled in this study. Participants were followed-up until labor. The psychological profile was evaluated utilizing the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale at 11–14 weeks. Stress-related biomarker-cortisol and metabolites were detected by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) in serum samples during pregnancy, respectively. The expression level of cortisol was up-regulated in serum and the score of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale was significantly higher in the sPTB group when compared to the control group. Note that, 29 metabolomics were differentially expressed between the sPTB group and the control group. The scores of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the level of cortisol, Eicosane, methyltetradecanoate, and stearic acid in serum were selected to establish the model with lasso logistic regression. Validation of the model yielded an optimum corrected AUC value of 89.5%, 95% CI: 0.8006–0.9889 with a sensitivity of 100.0%, and specificity of 78.9%. In conclusion, this study establishes a prediction model of sPTB with five variables, which may predict sPTB more accurately and sensitively in the second trimester.

scholarly journals Gut microbial-related metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and its precursor L-carnitine are associated with spontaneous preterm birth: a nested case-control study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Chen ◽  
Ning Huang ◽  
Chaoqun Liu ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Lulu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Related Metabolite ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Gut microbiota has been proven to disease susceptibility and may lead to increased risk of preterm birth. To date, the link of gut microbial-related metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), L-carnitine, and betaine, with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the association of TMAO, L-carnitine and betaine, with sPTB risk. Methods: A nested case-control study was designed including 129 sPTB cases and 258 controls based on Guangxi Birth Cohort Study. TMAO, L-carnitine, and betaine level in maternal serum were determined by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between maternal serum metabolites and sPTB. Stratified analyses were further conducted according to BMI and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. Spline analyses were performed to explore the dose-response relationship between the metabolites and sPTB.Results: Statistically significant association with decreased sPTB risk was observed for the highest L-carnitine (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.95). In risk analyses stratified by BMI, similar results were observed in normal weight gravida (BMI: 18.5~23.9 kg/cm2). The significant subtype-specific association with TMAO (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.93) and L-carnitine (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.97) were observed for preterm labor but not PPROM. Spline regression analysis indicated non-linear associations with TMAO and sPTB risk (P for nonlinearity: 0.057). Significant associations of TMAO with sPTB were observed in normal weight gravida (P = 0.028) and preterm labor subtype (P = 0.025). No statistically significant associations with sPTB risk were observed for betaine (P > 0.05).Conclusions: TMAO and L-carnitine levels in maternal serum are inversely linked with sPTB risk. Discovery of the association between gut-microbiota initiated TMAO metabolism and sPTB may open new avenues for diagnose and therapy.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis lower genital tract infection and spontaneous preterm birth: a case-control study nested in the BRISA cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Brito Bastos ◽  
Giulia Karnauchovas Porto Cunha ◽  
Stella Felippe de Freitas ◽  
Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli ◽  
Silvana Maria Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a sexually transmitted bacterium that is highly prevalent in young patients. Chlamydial infections during the gestational period have been associated with adverse obstetric outcomes, such as spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). However, results in the literature are inconclusive. Objective: To evaluate the association between CT infection and sPTB. Methods: This was a case-control study nested in the cohort of the prospective Brazilian Ribeirão Preto and São Luís birth cohort study. Pregnant patients were recruited in private and public health clinics in São Luís and Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. At the gestational age of 20-25 weeks, cervicovaginal fluid samples were collected for the diagnosis of CT using a polymerase chain reaction. Plasma levels of Transforming Growth Factor-α (TGF- α), Interferon-γ (IFN- γ), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF- α), and TNF-β were measured using a multiplex assay. Results: Of the 561 pregnant patients evaluated, 121 had sPTB and 440 had a full-term delivery (control group). According to our results, CT infection was not associated with sPTB (odds ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–2.56); however, it was more frequent among younger patients (p=0.0078), unmarried patients (p=0.0144), and those with multiple sexual partners (p=0.0299). There were no significant differences in the immune mediators between patients with sPTB or full-term deliveries, or between patients with or without a CT infection. Conclusion: In conclusion, CT infection was not associated with sPTB in our study. However, its correlation with younger pregnant patients suggests that these patients require careful clinical management.

Serum multiple cytokines for the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women: A nested case-control study

Cytokine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Huang ◽  
Qingzhi Hou ◽  
Yaling Huang ◽  
Juan Ye ◽  
Shengzhu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Asymptomatic Women ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Vaginal bacterial load in the second trimester is associated with early preterm birth recurrence: a nested case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Goodfellow ◽  
Marijn C. Verwijs ◽  
Angharad Care ◽  
Andrew Sharp ◽  
Jelena Ivandic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between vaginal microbiome (VMB) composition and recurrent early spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB)/preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM).DesignNested case-control study.SettingUK tertiary referral hospital.SampleHigh-risk women with previous sPTB/PPROM <34+0 weeks gestation who had a recurrence (n=22) or delivered at ≥37+0 weeks without PPROM (n=87).MethodsVaginal swabs collected between 15-22 weeks gestation were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and 16S quantitative PCR.Main outcome measureRecurrent early sPTB/PPROM.Results28/109 high-risk women had anaerobic vaginal dysbiosis, with the remainder dominated by lactobacilli (L. iners 36/109, L. crispatus 23/109, or other 22/109). VMB type, diversity, and stability were not associated with recurrence. Women with a recurrence, compared to those without, had a higher median vaginal bacterial load (8.64 vs. 7.89 log10 cells/μl, adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-3.56, p=0.047) and estimated Lactobacillus concentration (8.59 vs. 7.48 log10 cells/μl, aOR=2.35, CI=1.20-4.61, p=0.013). A higher recurrence risk was associated with higher median bacterial loads for each VMB type after stratification, although statistical significance was reached only for L. iners-domination (aOR=3.44, CI=1.06-11.15, p=0.040). Women with anaerobic dysbiosis or L. iners-domination had a higher median vaginal bacterial load than women with a VMB dominated by L. crispatus or other lactobacilli (8.54, 7.96, 7.63, and 7.53 log10 cells/μl, respectively).ConclusionsVaginal bacterial load is associated with early sPTB/PPROM recurrence. Domination by lactobacilli other than L. iners may protect women from developing high bacterial loads. Future PTB studies should quantify vaginal bacteria and yeasts.FundingWellbeing of Women, London, UKTweetable abstractIncreased vaginal bacterial load in the second trimester may be associated with recurrent early spontaneous preterm birth.

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