scholarly journals Structural Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of a Novel Polysaccharide From Lycopi Herba

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuxia Zhang ◽  
Yihua Hu ◽  
Jiaqi He ◽  
Dongdong Guo ◽  
Jinzhong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Splenocyte Proliferation ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Immunological Tests ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition Analysis

Lycopi Herba has been broadly used as a traditional medicinal herb in Asia due to its ability to strengthen immunity. However, it is still obscure for its material basis and underlying mechanisms. Polysaccharide, as one of the most important components of most natural herbs, usually contributes to the immunomodulatory ability of herbs. Here, we aimed to detect polysaccharides from Lycopi Herba and examine their potential immunomodulatory activity. A novel polysaccharide (LHPW) was extracted from Lycopi Herba and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography and G-100 sephadex. According to physicochemical methods and monosaccharide composition analysis, LHPW was mainly composed of galactose, glucose, fructose, and arabinose. NMR and methylation analyses indicated that LHPW was a neutral polysaccharide with a backbone containing →3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ and →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, with the branches of →1)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ and →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→. Immunological tests indicated that LHPW could activate macrophage RAW264.7 and promote splenocyte proliferation. This study discovered a novel polysaccharide from Lycopi Herba and showed it was a potential immunomodulator.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of a Novel Acid Polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Yue ◽  
Qianqian Xu ◽  
Xianheng Li ◽  
Jeevithan Elango ◽  
Wenhui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Thermal Studies ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Solanum Muricatum ◽  
Acid Polysaccharide

To investigate the structure and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharide from Solanum muricatum, a novel acid polysaccharide named SMP-3a was purified from Solanum muricatum pulp through DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-200 chromatography. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that SMP-3a was mainly composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid with the molar ratio of 1.09:2.64:1.54:1. The average molecular weight was found to be 227 kDa by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Thermal studies revealed the SMP-3a was a thermally stable polymer. Based on the results of methylation and NMR analysis, the backbone chain of SMP-3a was composed of →2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→ and →4)-α-d-Galp-(1→. The side chain was consisted of α-l-Araf-(1→ and →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→. Immunomodulatory assay indicated that SMP-3a could significantly promote the proliferation of macrophages and stimulate the secretion of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Our results suggested that SMP-3a could be used as a novel potential immunomodulatory agent in functional food.

scholarly journals PCR Instrument-assisted Acidolysis for Monosaccharide Composition Analysis of Serum Glycans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiran Zhang ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Lijuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition Analysis

Abstract This protocol describes the procedures where a PCR instrument-assisted acidolysis is used for releasing monosaccharides from serum glycans. The monosaccharide composition analysis is subsequently obtained by a HPLC method that separates and quantifies all 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP)-labeled monosaccharides in 10 μl serum in 20 minutes. The rapid heating, precise temperature control, and gradient heating properties of PCR instrument provides with consistent acidolysis and derivatization conditions for up to 96 samples simultaneously. The described workflow takes approximately 4–5 h, up to 72 serum samples can be analyzed with one HPLC instrument per day.

scholarly journals Structural and Immunochemical Characterization of the Lipooligosaccharides Expressed by Neisseria subflava 44

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 942-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Tong ◽  
Vernon Reinhold ◽  
Bruce Reinhold ◽  
Brenda Brandt ◽  
Daniel C. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Collision Induced Dissociation ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Complex Cell ◽  
Α Chain ◽  
Neisseria Subflava ◽  
Β Chain ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition Analysis ◽  
Multiple Step

ABSTRACT Neisserial lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are a family of complex cell surface glycolipids. We used mass spectrometry techniques (electrospray ionization, collision-induced dissociation, and multiple step), combined with fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis monosaccharide composition analysis, to determine the structure of the two low-molecular-mass LOS molecules (LOSI and LOSII) expressed byNeisseria subflava 44. We determined that LOSI contains one glucose on both the α and β chains. LOSII is structurally related to LOSI and differs from it by the addition of a hexose (either glucose or galactose) on the α chain. LOSI and LOSII were able to bind monoclonal antibody (MAb) 25-1-LC1 when analyzed by Western blotting experiments. We used a set of genetically defined Neisseria gonorrhoeae mutants that expressed single defined LOS epitopes and a group of Neisseria meningitidis strains that expresses chemically defined LOS components to determine the structures recognized by MAb 25-1-LC1. We found that extensions onto the β-chain glucose of LOSI block the recognition by this MAb, as does further elongation from the LOSII α chain. The LOSI structure was determined to be the minimum structure that is recognized by MAb 25-1-LC1.

scholarly journals Microwave Instrument-assisted Acid Hydrolysis plus HPAEC-PAD for Quantitative Glycan Monosaccharide Composition Analysis of Serum/Plasma Samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli He ◽  
Yiran Zhang ◽  
Lijuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition Analysis

Abstract This protocol describes the procedures where our published microwave instrument-assisted acid hydrolysis (MAAH) coupled HPAEC-PAD analysis are optimized for glycan monosaccharide composition analysis of serum/plasma samples. The optimized acid hydrolysis of serum/plasma samples takes only 10 min and 10 μl of acid and 2 μl serum/plasma samples. The monosaccharide composition analysis is subsequently accomplished by HPAEC-PAD analysis. Each step of the experimental procedures has been optimized with repeated tests of monosaccharide standards and serum samples. The described workflow takes approximately 70-90 min, up to 48 serum/plasma samples can be analyzed with one HPAEC-PAD instrument per day.

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