scholarly journals A Glimpse in the Future of Malignant Mesothelioma Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Pezzicoli ◽  
Mimma Rizzo ◽  
Martina Perrone ◽  
Silvia Minei ◽  
Luciano Mutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Rare Neoplasm ◽  
Clinical Phase ◽  
Antiangiogenic Drugs

Malignant mesothelioma (MMe) is a rare neoplasm with few therapeutic options available. The landscape of effective therapy for this disease remained unchanged in the last two decades. Recently, however, the introduction of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) led to small, but nevertheless, promising improvements. However, many efforts are still needed to radically improve the prognosis of MMe. In this review, we analyze all those therapeutic strategies for MMe that are still in a preclinical or early clinical phase of development. In particular, we focus on novel antiangiogenic drugs and their possible combination with immunotherapy. Furthermore, we describe also more complex strategies such as microRNA-loaded vectors, oncolytic viruses, and engineered lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Contemporary Approaches to In-Transit Melanoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Perone ◽  
Nellie Farrow ◽  
Douglas S. Tyler ◽  
Georgia M. Beasley
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Regional Chemotherapy ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
General Management ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
In Transit

In-transit melanoma represents a distinct disease pattern of heterogeneous superficial tumors. Many treatments have been developed specifically for this type of disease, including regional chemotherapy and a variety of directly injectable agents. Novel strategies include the intralesional delivery of oncolytic viruses and immunocytokines. The combination of intralesional or regional chemotherapy with systemic immune checkpoint inhibitors also is a promising approach. In the current review, we examine the general management of the workup of patients with in-transit disease, the range of available therapies, and recommendations for specific therapies for an individual patient.

scholarly journals Microenvironmental immune cell signatures dictate clinical outcomes for PTCL-NOS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 2242-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Sugio ◽  
Kohta Miyawaki ◽  
Koji Kato ◽  
Kensuke Sasaki ◽  
Kyohei Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Patient Subgroup ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Disease Subtypes

Key Points Microenvironmental immune cell signatures stratify PTCL-NOS patients into clinically meaningful disease subtypes. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors represent potential therapeutic options for a PTCL-NOS patient subgroup.

Immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma: a 2021 update

Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Charalampakis ◽  
Georgios Papageorgiou ◽  
Sergios Tsakatikas ◽  
Rodanthi Fioretzaki ◽  
Christo Kole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Cancer Vaccines ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Adoptive Cell Therapy ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Rare Malignancy

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare malignancy with generally dismal prognosis. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of cancer patients during the last decade, offering durable responses with an acceptable safety profile, but there are still no significant advances regarding CCA. Novel immunotherapeutic methods, such as cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, adoptive cell therapy and combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors with other agents are currently under investigation and may improve prognosis. Efforts to find robust biomarkers for response are also ongoing. In this review, we discuss the rationale for the use of immunotherapy in CCA and available clinical data. Ongoing trials will also be presented, as well as key findings from each study.

Combination therapy with oncolytic viruses and immune checkpoint inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Chiu ◽  
Edward John Lloyd Armstrong ◽  
Vicki Jennings ◽  
Shane Foo ◽  
Eva Crespo-Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses

scholarly journals Strategies to Improve Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Efficacy, Other Than Abscopal Effect: A Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Longo ◽  
Oronzo Brunetti ◽  
Amalia Azzariti ◽  
Domenico Galetta ◽  
Patrizia Nardulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Abscopal Effect ◽  
Tumor Mutational Burden ◽  
The Impact

Despite that the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on malignancies treatment is unprecedented, a lack of response to these molecules is observed in several cases. Differently from melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer, where the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors results in a high efficacy, the response rate in other tumors, such as gastrointestinal cancers, breast cancer, sarcomas, and part of genitourinary cancers remains low. The first strategy evaluated to improve the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors is the use of predictive factors for the response such as PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden, and clinical features. In addition to the identification of the patients with a higher expression of immune checkpoint molecules, another approach currently under intensive investigation is the use of therapeutics in a combinatory manner with immune checkpoint inhibitors in order to obtain an enhancement of efficacy through the modification of the tumor immune microenvironment. In addition to the abscopal effect induced by radiotherapy, a lot of studies are evaluating several drugs able to improve the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors, including microbiota modifiers, drugs targeting co-inhibitory receptors, anti-angiogenic therapeutics, small molecules, and oncolytic viruses. In view of the rapid and extensive development of this research field, we conducted a systematic review of the literature identifying which of these drugs are closer to achieving validation in the clinical practice.

595 Armed myxoma virus demonstrates efficacy in syngeneic tumor models alone and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A630-A630
Author(s):  
Lina Franco ◽  
Lino Torres-Dominguez ◽  
Joseph Mamola ◽  
Ana de Matos ◽  
Mario Abrantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Myxoma Virus ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Oncolytic Activity

BackgroundOncolytic Viruses (OV) selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells and provide stimulation to the immune system. This represents a promising therapeutic option for cancer patients that do not respond well to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a member of the Poxv family of double stranded DNA viruses. The natural host of MYXV is a subset of rabbits and hares, but MYXV can infect cancer cell lines of humans and other species. The genome of MYXV is relatively large and is amenable to engineering for expression of transgenes making it an excellent oncolytic virus for introduction of immunomodulatory proteins.MethodsArmed MYXV were tested for oncolytic activity and transgene production in syngeneic mouse cancer models in vitro and in vivo. In vivo models were further assessed for activity when in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors and for immune mechanisms of action contributing to the efficacy of armed MYXV.ResultsArmed MYXV demonstrated oncolytic activity, transgene production capability and in vivo activity following intratumoral and intravenous administration of armed myxoma viruses in murine cancer models. Additional combination therapy with clinically relevant immune checkpoint inhibitors is demonstrated.ConclusionsArmed Myxoma viruses present an efficacious novel oncolytic viral therapy with the ability to modulate immune responses in murine cancer models.Ethics ApprovalAnimal studies we approved by OncoMyx and the TD2 IACUC.

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