scholarly journals An Efficient Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 Mutagenesis System for Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Chin Yeap ◽  
Norkhairunnisa Che Mohd Khan ◽  
Norfadzilah Jamalludin ◽  
Muhammad Rashdan Muad ◽  
David Ross Appleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Dna Delivery ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Cleavage Efficiency ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has emerged as a powerful tool for the precise editing of plant genomes for crop improvement. Rapid in vitro methods for the determination of guide RNA (gRNA) cleavage efficiency and an efficient DNA delivery system is essential for gene editing. However, we lack an efficient gene-editing system for palm species. In this study, we described the development of a transient oil palm protoplast assay to rapidly evaluate the cleavage efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis and the generation of stable transformed oil palms using biolistic particle bombardment in immature embryos. Using the phytoene desaturase (EgPDS) gene, we found cleavage frequency of up to 25.49% in electro-transfected protoplast, which enables the production of transgenic oil palm shoots exhibiting chimeric albino phenotypes as a result of DNA insertions, deletions (InDels), and nucleotide substitutions, with a mutation efficiency of 62.5–83.33%. We further validated the mutagenesis efficiency and specificity of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in oil palm by targeting the brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (EgBRI1) gene, which resulted in nucleotide substitutions in EgBRI1 with premature necrosis phenotype in oil palm transgenic shoots and stunted phenotype resulting from DNA InDels. Taken together, our results showed that effective and efficient editing of genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be achieved in oil palm by optimizing the selection of efficient gRNA and DNA delivery methods. This newly designed strategy will enable new routes for the genetic improvement in oil palm and related species.

scholarly journals Accelerated in vitro propagation of elite oil palm genotypes (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) by substituting cytokinin with putrescine

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (50) ◽  
pp. 2767-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseli Correa Thais ◽  
Yoshimitsu Motoike Sérgio ◽  
Paula de Souza Andrade Ana ◽  
Morra Coser Sara ◽  
Queiroz Vanessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq

scholarly journals CRISPR Gene-Editing Models Geared Toward Therapy for Hereditary and Developmental Neurological Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poh Kuan Wong ◽  
Fook Choe Cheah ◽  
Saiful Effendi Syafruddin ◽  
M. Aiman Mohtar ◽  
Norazrina Azmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat

Hereditary or developmental neurological disorders (HNDs or DNDs) affect the quality of life and contribute to the high mortality rates among neonates. Most HNDs are incurable, and the search for new and effective treatments is hampered by challenges peculiar to the human brain, which is guarded by the near-impervious blood-brain barrier. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR), a gene-editing tool repurposed from bacterial defense systems against viruses, has been touted by some as a panacea for genetic diseases. CRISPR has expedited the research into HNDs, enabling the generation of in vitro and in vivo models to simulate the changes in human physiology caused by genetic variation. In this review, we describe the basic principles and workings of CRISPR and the modifications that have been made to broaden its applications. Then, we review important CRISPR-based studies that have opened new doors to the treatment of HNDs such as fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome. We also discuss how CRISPR can be used to generate research models to examine the effects of genetic variation and caffeine therapy on the developing brain. Several drawbacks of CRISPR may preclude its use at the clinics, particularly the vulnerability of neuronal cells to the adverse effect of gene editing, and the inefficiency of CRISPR delivery into the brain. In concluding the review, we offer some suggestions for enhancing the gene-editing efficacy of CRISPR and how it may be morphed into safe and effective therapy for HNDs and other brain disorders.

scholarly journals In vitro ROOTING OF TENERA HYBRID OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) PLANTS1

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlúcia Souza Pádua ◽  
Raíssa Silveira Santos ◽  
Luciano Vilela Paiva ◽  
Vanessa Cristina Stein ◽  
Luciano Coutinho Silva
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid

ABSTRACT Oil palm is a woody monocot of economic importance due to high oil production from its fruits. Currently, the conventional method most used to propagate oil palm is seed germination, but success is limited by long time requirements and low germination percentage. An alternative for large-scale propagation of oil palm is the biotechnological technique of somatic embryogenesis. The rooting of plants germinated from somatic embryos is a difficult step, yet it is of great importance for later acclimatization and success in propagation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the auxins indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of somatic embryos of Tenera hybrid oil palm. Plants obtained by somatic embryogenesis were inoculated in modified MS medium with 10% sucrose and 0.6% agar and supplemented with IAA or IBA at concentrations of 5 µM, 10 µM, and 15 µM, and the absence of growth regulators. After 120 days, the presence of roots, root type, length of the longest root, number of roots, number of leaves, and shoot length were analyzed. Growth regulators were favorable to rooting; plants cultivated with IBA growth regulator at 15 µM showed higher rooting percentage (87%) and better results for the parameters of number of roots (1.33) and shoot length (9.83).

scholarly journals Epigenetic imbalance and the floral developmental abnormality of the in vitro-regenerated oil palm Elaeis guineensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 1453-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Jaligot ◽  
Sophie Adler ◽  
Émilie Debladis ◽  
Thierry Beulé ◽  
Frédérique Richaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Developmental Abnormality

scholarly journals Bud Rot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora: A Destructive Emerging Disease of Oil Palm

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Torres ◽  
G. A. Sarria ◽  
G. Martinez ◽  
F. Varon ◽  
A. Drenth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Great Irish Famine ◽  
The Tropics

Oomycetes from the genus Phytophthora are among the most important plant pathogens in agriculture. Epidemics caused by P. infestans precipitated the great Irish famine and had a major impact on society and human history. In the tropics, P. palmivora is a pathogen of many plant species including cacao (Theobroma cacao), citrus (Citrus sp.), durian (Durio zibethines), jackfruit (Artrocarpus heterophyllus), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), and several palm species including coconut (Cocos nucifera), and the African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) as determined recently. The first localized epidemics of bud rot in oil palm in Colombia were reported in 1964. However, recent epidemics of bud rot have destroyed more than 70,000 ha of oil palm in the Western and Central oil palm growing regions of Colombia. The agricultural, social, and economic implications of these outbreaks have been significant in Colombia. Identification of the pathogen after 100 years of investigating the disease in the world enabled further understanding of infection, expression of a range of symptoms, and epidemiology of the disease. This review examines the identification of P. palmivora as the cause of bud rot in Colombia, its epidemiology, and discusses the importance of P. palmivora as a major threat to oil palm plantings globally.

A modeling approach of the in vitro conversion of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) somatic embryos

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugéne E. Konan ◽  
Tristan Durand-Gasselin ◽  
Justin Y. Kouadio ◽  
Albert Flori ◽  
Alain Rival
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Modeling Approach

Evidence for an interaction effect during in vitro rooting of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) somatic embryo-derived plantlets

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugène K. Konan ◽  
Justin Y. Kouadio ◽  
Albert Flori ◽  
Tristan Durand-Gasselin ◽  
Alain Rival
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq

In vitro human gastro-intestinal enzyme digestibility of globulin isolate from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis var. tenera) kernel meal and the bioactivity of the digest

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 20219-20229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Tapal ◽  
Gerd E. Vegarud ◽  
Ashoka Sreedhara ◽  
Prajna Hegde ◽  
Shashikala Inamdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Intestinal Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Digestibility

Theex vivohydrolysate of oil palm kernel globulin isolate exhibit bioactivity.

scholarly journals RNA Interference and CRISPR/Cas Gene Editing for Crop Improvement: Paradigm Shift towards Sustainable Agriculture

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1914
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Rajput ◽  
Khushboo Choudhary ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
V. Vivekanand ◽  
Aakash Chawade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Interfering Rna

With the rapid population growth, there is an urgent need for innovative crop improvement approaches to meet the increasing demand for food. Classical crop improvement approaches involve, however, a backbreaking process that cannot equipoise with increasing crop demand. RNA-based approaches i.e., RNAi-mediated gene regulation and the site-specific nuclease-based CRISPR/Cas9 system for gene editing has made advances in the efficient targeted modification in many crops for the higher yield and resistance to diseases and different stresses. In functional genomics, RNA interference (RNAi) is a propitious gene regulatory approach that plays a significant role in crop improvement by permitting the downregulation of gene expression by small molecules of interfering RNA without affecting the expression of other genes. Gene editing technologies viz. the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) have appeared prominently as a powerful tool for precise targeted modification of nearly all crops’ genome sequences to generate variation and accelerate breeding efforts. In this regard, the review highlights the diverse roles and applications of RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 system as powerful technologies to improve agronomically important plants to enhance crop yields and increase tolerance to environmental stress (biotic or abiotic). Ultimately, these technologies can prove to be important in view of global food security and sustainable agriculture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document