Imitation of snack food intake among normal-weight and overweight children

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of television food advertising on children’s food intake, specifically whether childhood obesity is related to a greater susceptibility to food promotion.DesignThe study was a within-subject, counterbalanced design. The children were tested on two occasions separated by two weeks. One condition involved the children viewing food advertisements followed by a cartoon, in the other condition the children viewed non-food adverts followed by the same cartoon. Following the cartoon, their food intake and choice was assessed in a standard paradigm.SettingThe study was conducted in Liverpool, UK.SubjectsFifty-nine children (32 male, 27 female) aged 9–11 years were recruited from a UK school to participate in the study. Thirty-three children were normal-weight (NW), 15 overweight (OW) and 11 obese (OB).ResultsExposure to food adverts produced substantial and significant increases in energy intake in all children (P < 0·001). The increase in intake was largest in the obese children (P = 0·04). All children increased their consumption of high-fat and/or sweet energy-dense snacks in response to the adverts (P < 0·001). In the food advert condition, total intake and the intake of these specific snack items correlated with the children’s modified age- and gender-specific body mass index score.ConclusionsThese data suggest that obese and overweight children are indeed more responsive to food promotion, which specifically stimulates the intake of energy-dense snacks.

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Are snacking patterns associated with risk of overweight among Kahnawake schoolchildren?

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980009990711 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 163-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Genevieve Mercille ◽

Olivier Receveur ◽

Ann C Macaulay

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Food Choices ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Snack Food ◽

Food Groups ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Children At Risk ◽

Logistic Regression Models

AbstractObjectiveTo understand more specifically how the quality, quantity and frequency of snack food consumption differs in different BMI categories.DesignFour hundred and forty-nine school-aged children (grade 4–6) from a Kanien’kehaka (Mohawk) community provided a 24 h recall and their height and weight in 1994, 1998 and 2002, in three independent cross-sectional samples. Food consumed between two consecutive meals was defined as a snacking occasion. ANOVA and χ2 tests were used to compare food choices between BMI categories according to food quality criteria and food groups in 2006. Logistic regression models were performed to compare results between normal-weight children and those at risk of overweight and between normal-weight and overweight children.ResultsEnergy intake from snacks tended to be higher for children at risk of overweight, compared with the other two BMI categories. Food groups with a higher energy density were also consumed more frequently by these children, with larger average portions of cereal bars (P < 0·05). Except for dessert consumption, which was less frequent among overweight children, no other variable distinguished risk of overweight in the two logistic regression models tested.ConclusionsDifferences detected in snack food intake between normal-weight children and children at risk of overweight could explain in part the relationship between food choices and risk of overweight. Studies of dietary differences in conjunction with body weight would benefit from considering children at risk of overweight and normal-weight children, rather than children with excess weight only.

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On being led into temptation: Counterregulation of food intake in unrestrained overweight children

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e536932011-150 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

A. Jansen ◽

N. Theunissen ◽

K. Slechten ◽

C. Nederkoorn ◽

S. Mulkens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Overweight Children

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Insulin Glargine Dose and Weight Changes in Underweight, Normal Weight, and Overweight Children Newly Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy ◽

10.1002/phar.2281 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 741-748

Author(s):

Bethany Sharpless Chalk ◽

Janet Crane ◽

Gayane Yenokyan ◽

Erika May Pineda ◽

Carlton K.K. Lee

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Glargine ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Weight Changes

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Effect of childhood overweight on distal metaphyseal radius fractures treated by closed reduction

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-021-02336-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yu Liu ◽

Chunjie Liu ◽

Dongmei Guo ◽

Ning Wang ◽

Ying Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Conservative Treatment ◽

Closed Reduction ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Medical Community ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Radius Fractures

Abstract Background The medical community has recognized overweight as an epidemic negatively affecting a large proportion of the pediatric population, but few studies have been performed to investigate the relationship between overweight and failure of conservative treatment for distal radius fractures (DRFs). This study was performed to investigate the effect of overweight on the outcome of conservative treatment for DRFs in children. Methods We performed a retrospective study of children with closed displaced distal metaphyseal radius fractures in our hospital from January 2015 to May 2020. Closed reduction was initially performed; if closed reduction failed, surgical treatment was performed. Patients were followed up regularly after treatment, and redisplacement was diagnosed on the basis of imaging findings. Potential risk factors for redisplacement were collected and analyzed. Results In total, 142 children were included in this study. The final reduction procedure failed in 21 patients, all of whom finally underwent surgical treatment. The incidences of failed final reduction and fair reduction were significantly higher in the overweight/obesity group than in the normal-weight group (P = 0.046 and P = 0.041, respectively). During follow-up, 32 (26.4%) patients developed redisplacement after closed reduction and cast immobilization. The three risk factors associated with the incidence of redisplacement were overweight/obesity [odds ratio (OR), 2.149; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.320–3.498], an associated ulnar fracture (OR, 2.127; 95% CI, 1.169–3.870), and a three-point index of ≥ 0.40 (OR, 3.272; 95% CI, 1.975–5.421). Conclusions Overweight increases the risk of reduction failure and decreases the reduction effect. Overweight children were two times more likely to develop redisplacement than normal-weight children in the present study. Thus, overweight children may benefit from stricter clinical follow-up and perhaps a lower threshold for surgical intervention.

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Experimental studies on food-intake in obese and normal weight subjects

Journal of Psychosomatic Research ◽

10.1016/0022-3999(72)90014-1 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 305-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

J.-E. Meyer ◽

V. Pudel

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Normal Weight

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Pre- and within-meal effects of fluid dairy products on appetite, food intake, glycemia, and regulatory hormones in children

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2016-0251 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 302-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Shirley Vien ◽

Bohdan L. Luhovyy ◽

Barkha P. Patel ◽

Shirin Panahi ◽

Dalia El Khoury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Chocolate Milk ◽

Water Control ◽

Cumulative Energy ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Yogurt Drink

The effect of beverages commonly consumed by children in-between or with meals on short-term food intake (FI) and glycemic control has received little attention. Therefore, 2 experiments were conducted in 9- to 14-year-old children following a randomized repeated-measures design. Experiment 1 (n = 32) compared the effects of water (control) and isocaloric (130 kcal) amounts of 2% milk, chocolate milk, yogurt drink, and fruit punch on subjective appetite and FI. Experiment 2 (n = 20) compared the effects of isocaloric (130 kcal) amounts of 2% milk and fruit punch on subjective appetite, FI, and glycemic and appetite hormone responses. One serving of the beverages was given as a pre-meal drink at baseline (0 min) and a second serving 60 min later with an ad libitum pizza meal. Meal FI in experiment 1 was lower by 14% and 10%, respectively, after chocolate milk and yogurt drink (p < 0.001), but not milk, compared with water. Cumulative energy intake (beverages plus meal) was higher after caloric beverages than water. In experiment 2, no differences occurred in pre-meal but post-meal glucose was 83% higher in overweight/obese than normal-weight children (p = 0.02). Milk led to higher pre-meal glucagon-like peptide-1 and post-meal peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) than fruit punch (p < 0.01) but insulin did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, dairy products consumed before and with a meal have more favourable effects on FI, appetite, and satiety hormones than a sugar-sweetened beverage, but all caloric beverages result in more cumulative calories than if water is the beverage.

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Relationship of parental characteristics and feeding practices to overweight in infants and young children in Beijing, China

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980008003509 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 973-978 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Jiang Jingxiong ◽

Urban Rosenqvist ◽

Wang Huishan ◽

Bert Koletzko ◽

Lian Guangli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Parental Education ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Parental Characteristics ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Beijing China ◽

Infants And Young Children

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity has become a major public health problem in many countries. To explore the risk factors of overweight in infants and young children might be helpful in developing an early overweight intervention strategy.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of overweight and the relationship of parental characteristics and feeding practices to overweight in infants and young children in Beijing, China.DesignData on weight and length/height were collected on 4654 children aged 1–35 months in twelve communities in Beijing from a cross-sectional study. Overweight was defined as weight-for-length/height ≥2sd above the median of the WHO reference. Two hundred and fifteen families with overweight children and 215 families with normal-weight children were interviewed using a questionnaire to obtain feeding practices.ResultsThe overall prevalence of overweight was 4·7 %. Both parental overweight and low parental education were significantly higher among overweight than normal-weight children. The total energy intake was significantly higher in overweight than in normal-weight children at 12–35 months of age. Compared with normal-weight children, significantly fewer overweight children were breast-fed for at least 4 months. Overweight children were also more likely to have been introduced to infant formula and semi-solid foods during the first 4 months.ConclusionEarly prevention strategies should include feeding practices identified as putting children at risk of obesity. These include early cessation of breast-feeding and premature introduction of other foods.

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