scholarly journals A Non-linear Relationship Between Selective Attention and Associated ERP Markers Across the Lifespan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Reuter ◽  
Solveig Vieluf ◽  
Flora Koutsandreou ◽  
Lena Hübner ◽  
Henning Budde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Non Linear

Type/Token Ratios: what do they really tell us?

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Richards
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Child Language ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Diversity Measure ◽  
Closed Class ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Non Linear

ABSTRACTType/Token Ratios have been extensively used in child language research as an index of lexical diversity. This paper shows that the measure has frequently failed to discriminate between children at widely different stages of language development, and that the ratio may in fact fall as children get older. It is suggested here that such effects are caused by a negative, though non-linear, relationship between sample size (i.e. number of tokens) and Type/Token Ratio. Effects of open and closed class items are considered and an alternative Verbal Diversity measure is examined. Standardization of the number of tokens before computing Type/Token Ratios is recommended.

scholarly journals Association between serum uric acid and triglycerides in Chinese children and adolescents with short stature

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuntian Chu ◽  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Bo Ban ◽  
Hongbing Tao
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Short Children ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels are a biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) and TG concentrations in adults or obese children is well established. However, studies on SUA and TG in children with short stature are limited. Aim To determine the relationship between SUA and TG levels in short children and adolescents. Method This was a cross-sectional evaluation of a cohort of 1095 patients with short stature (720 males and 375 females). The related clinical characteristics, including anthropometric and biochemical parameters, were determined. Results Smooth curve fitting, adjusted for potential confounders was performed, which indicated the existence of a non-linear relationship between these measures. Piecewise multivariate linear analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between SUA and TG at SUA concentrations over 7 mg/dL (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.05–0.22, P = 0.002) but no significant correlation at lower SUA levels (β = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.01–0.04, P = 0.799). Furthermore, a stratified analysis was performed to appraise changes in this relationship for different sexes and standard deviation levels of body mass index (BMI). The non-linear relationship remained consistent in males and females with BMI standard deviation scores (BMI SDS) ≥ 0, with inflection points of 6.71 mg/dL and 3.93 mg/dL, respectively. Within these two groups, SUA and TG levels showed a positive association when SUA levels were higher than the inflection point (β = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.11–0.31, P < 0.001 for males and β = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03–0.17, P = 0.005 for females). However, a specific relationship was not observed at lower SUA levels. No significant relationships were found between SUA and TG levels in males and females with BMI SDS < 0. Conclusion The present study identified the non-linear association of SUA and TG levels with short children and adolescents. This relationship was based on BMI status. This finding suggests that health status should be considered for short stature children with high SUA levels, especially in children with a high BMI standard deviation score.

scholarly journals The Nonlinear Relationship Between Psoas Cross-sectional Area and BMI: A New Observation and Its Insights into Diabetes Remission After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaobo Li ◽  
Haoyong Yu ◽  
Pin Zhang ◽  
Yinfang Tu ◽  
Yunfeng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Diabetes Remission ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Design And Methods

OBJECTIVE <p>To<a> explore the potential relevance of muscle mass as a variable contributor to body mass index (BMI) on BMI limitations in predicting diabetes remission (DR) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). </a></p> <p> </p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>We evaluated the relationship between muscle mass and BMI in 501 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity. Of which <a>186 patients who underwent R</a>YGB were <a>studied to determine the role of baseline muscle mass </a><a>and BMI </a>in predicting DR. Muscle mass was assessed by estimated fat-free mass index (eFFMI) and psoas cross-sectional area (CSA).</p> <p> </p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>A non-linear relationship existed between psoas CSA and BMI, whereas psoas CSA showed a highly positive correlation with <a>eFFMI</a>. Baseline psoas CSA and eFFMI were better than BMI for predicting 1- and 5-year DR. </p> <p> </p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p><a>The </a><a>non-linear relationship between</a> muscle mass and BMI may <a>partially contribute to </a><a>BMI limitations in predicting DR</a> after RYGB. </p>

scholarly journals Microdynamics of person perception: the role of time’s exposure and ethnos

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
A.A. Demidov ◽  
D.A. Diveev
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the microdynamics of person perception. Stimulus images of persons from four ethnic groups — Tuvans, Russians, Kabardians and Komi, were presented to three independent groups of subjects to assess specific individual psychological characteristics, with different exposure times — 200, 1000 and 3000 ms. The subjects were Tuvans living in Kyzyl, the Republic of Tuva. For each of the evaluated qualities, the adequacy of the interpersonal assessment was calculated and its relations with such variable studies as the ethnicity and exposure time of the stimulus image were determined. The results obtained indicate a complex, non-linear relationship between the adequacy of interpersonal assessment and exposure time of the stimulus image, as well as the important role of the ethnic group of communicants in the structure of person perception.

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