Electrophysiological Measurement of Emotion and Somatic State Affecting Ambiguity Decision: Evidences From SCRs, ERPs, and HR

Objective: We investigated differences in psychosocial and clinical characteristics, as well as the use of services, of schizophrenic patients in different treatment settings three years after their discharge from a psychiatric hospital. Furthermore, we examined secular changes in these phenomena during the era of rapid deinstitutionalization in Finland. Method: Three nationally representative samples comprised 3257 schizophrenic patients who had been discharged in 1986, 1990 and 1994. The patients were interviewed three years after discharge by each district's psychiatric professionals using a structured interview schedule specifically designed for the purposes of the present study. Psychosocial functioning was assessed on the Global Assessment Scale and on a modified version of the Medical Research Council Practices Profile. Results: In the 1990s, more patients with a poor clinical and psychosocial state were transferred from hospital to alternative outpatient facilities, such as sheltered workshops or supported residences. In successive cohorts, the proportion of patients who had dropped out of treatment decreased and the psychiatric and somatic state of the drop-outs improved. Conclusion: In general, the psychiatric treatment system has worked well for most deinstitutionalized patients. In the future, however, it is important that the quality of care and adequate resources in the alternative outpatient facilities are ensured.

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Phosphodiesterase sequence variants may predispose to prostate cancer

Endocrine Related Cancer ◽

10.1530/erc-15-0134 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 519-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rodrigo B de Alexandre ◽

Anelia D Horvath ◽

Eva Szarek ◽

Allison D Manning ◽

Leticia F Leal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽

Genome Project ◽

Guanosine Monophosphate ◽

Sequence Variants ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Sequence Variations ◽

Novel Variants ◽

Somatic State

We hypothesized that mutations that inactivate phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity and lead to increased cAMP and cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels may be associated with prostate cancer (PCa). We sequenced the entire PDE coding sequences in the DNA of 16 biopsy samples from PCa patients. Novel mutations were confirmed in the somatic or germline state by Sanger sequencing. Data were then compared to the 1000 Genome Project. PDE, CREB and pCREB protein expression was also studied in all samples, in both normal and abnormal tissue, by immunofluorescence. We identified three previously described PDE sequence variants that were significantly more frequent in PCa. Four novel sequence variations, one each in thePDE4B,PDE6C,PDE7BandPDE10Agenes, respectively, were also found in the PCa samples. Interestingly,PDE10AandPDE4Bnovel variants that were present in 19 and 6% of the patients were found in the tumor tissue only. In patients carrying PDE defects, there was pCREB accumulation (P<0.001), and an increase of the pCREB:CREB ratio (patients 0.97±0.03; controls 0.52±0.03;P-value <0.001) by immunohistochemical analysis. We conclude that PDE sequence variants may play a role in the predisposition and/or progression to PCa at the germline and/or somatic state respectively.

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Electrophysiological measurement of interest during walking in a simulated environment

International Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.05.012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 363-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yuji Takeda ◽

Takashi Okuma ◽

Motohiro Kimura ◽

Takeshi Kurata ◽

Takeshi Takenaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Simulated Environment ◽

Electrophysiological Measurement

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Electrophysiological measurement of the number of rhodopsin molecules in single Limulus photoreceptors.

The Journal of General Physiology ◽

10.1085/jgp.70.5.621 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 70 (5) ◽

pp. 621-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J E Lisman ◽

H Bering

Keyword(s):

Relative Intensity ◽

Surface Density ◽

Receptor Potential ◽

Absolute Intensity ◽

Charge Movement ◽

Half Time ◽

Quantal Response ◽

Early Receptor Potential ◽

Electrophysiological Measurement ◽

Electrophysiological Methods

Two partly independent electrophysiological methods are described for measuring the number of rhodopsin molecules (R) in single ventral photoreceptors. Method 1 is based on measurements of the relative intensity required to elicit a quantal response and the relative intensity required to half-saturate the early receptor potential (ERP). Method 2 is based on measurements of the absolute intensity required to elicit a quantal response. Both methods give values of R approximately equal to 10(9). From these and other measurements, estimates are derived for the surface density of rhodopsin (8,000/micrometer2), the charge movement during the ERP per isomerized rhodopsin (20 X 10(-21) C), and the half-time for thermal isomerization of rhodopsin (36yr).

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Noninvasive Recording of True-to-Form Fetal ECG during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

Obstetrics and Gynecology International ◽

10.1155/2014/285636 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Istvan Peterfi ◽

Lorand Kellenyi ◽

Andras Szilagyi

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Present Method ◽

Fetal Heart ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Significant Information ◽

The Third ◽

Fetal Ecg ◽

Cheap Method ◽

Electrophysiological Measurement ◽

Fetal Electrocardiography

Objective. The aim of the study was to develop a complex electrophysiological measurement system (hardware and software) which uses the methods of electrophysiology and provides significant information about the intrauterine status of the fetus, intending to obtain true-to-form, morphologically evaluated fetal ECG from transabdominal maternal lead.Results. The present method contains many novel ideas that allow creating true-to-form noninvasive fetal ECG in the third trimester of the pregnancy in 80% of the cases. Such ideas are the telemetric data collection, the “cleanse” of the real time recording from the maternal ECG, and the use of the cardiotocograph (CTG) that allows identifying the fetal heart events. The advantage of this developed system is that it does not require any qualified staff, because both the extraction of the information from the abdominal recording and the processing of the data are automatic.Discussion. Although the idea of a noninvasive fetal electrocardiography is more than 100 years old still there is no simple, effective, and cheap method available that would enable an extensive use. This developed system can be used in the third trimester of the pregnancy efficiently. It can produce true-to-form fetal ECGs with amplitude less than 10 µV.

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Adiposity signals predict vocal effort in Alston's singing mice

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2018.0090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 285 (1877) ◽

pp. 20180090 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tracy T. Burkhard ◽

Rebecca R. Westwick ◽

Steven M. Phelps

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

The Body ◽

Adiposity Signals ◽

Vocal Effort ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Costly Traits ◽

Somatic State ◽

The Relationship

Advertisement displays often seem extravagant and expensive, and are thought to depend on the body condition of a signaller. Nevertheless, we know little about how signallers adjust effort based on condition, and few studies find a strong relationship between natural variation in condition and display. To examine the relationship between body condition and signal elaboration more fully, we characterized physiological condition and acoustic displays in a wild rodent with elaborate vocalizations, Alston's singing mouse, Scotinomys teguina . We found two major axes of variation in condition—one defined by short-term fluctuations in caloric nutrients, and a second by longer-term variation in adiposity. Among acoustic parameters, song effort was characterized by high rates of display and longer songs. Song effort was highly correlated with measures of adiposity. We found that leptin was a particularly strong predictor of display effort. Leptin is known to influence investment in other costly traits, such as immune function and reproduction. Plasma hormone levels convey somatic state to a variety of tissues, and may govern trait investment across vertebrates. Such measures offer new insights into how animals translate body condition into behavioural and life-history decisions.

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