scholarly journals Vocalic Intrusions in Consonant Clusters in Child-Directed vs. Adult-Directed Speech

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Gram Garmann ◽  
Pernille Hansen ◽  
Hanne Gram Simonsen ◽  
Elisabeth Holm ◽  
Eirik Tengesdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Phonetic Feature ◽  
Differential Behaviour ◽  
Child Speech ◽  
Phonetic Context

In this paper, we investigate a prosodic-phonetic feature in child-directed speech within a dynamic, complex, interactive theoretical framework. We focus on vocalic intrusions, commonly occurring in Norwegian word initial consonant clusters. We analysed child-directed speech from nine Norwegian-speaking mothers to their children, aged 2;6, 4, and 6 years, and compared the incidence and duration of vocalic intrusions in initial consonant clusters in these data with those in adult-directed speech and child speech. When viewed overall, vocalic intrusion was found to be similar in incidence in child- and adult-directed speech. However, closer examination revealed differential behaviour in child-directed speech for certain conditions. Firstly, a difference emerged for one particular phonetic context: While vocalic intrusions in /Cr/ clusters are frequent in adult-directed speech, their presence is near-categorical in child-directed speech. Secondly, we found that the duration of vocalic intrusions was longer in child- than in adult-directed speech, but only when directed to 2;6-year-olds. We argue that vocalic intrusions in child-directed speech may have both a bonding as well as a didactic function, and that these may vary according to the age of the child being addressed.

scholarly journals Final sonorant sequences in the Celje dialect

Linguistica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Alja Ferme
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Consonant Cluster ◽  
Special Behaviour ◽  
Government Phonology ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Given ◽  
Further Development

In this paper I will analyse final sonorant sequencesin the Celje variety of Slovene. In §2 various definitions of a consonant cluster will be discussed and the definition needed for further development ofthe article will be provided. In §3 I will present pretheoretical arguments against treating all final sonorant sequences as consonant clusters. In addition, a seemingly special behaviour of a small group of sequences will be pointed out. The government phonology framework will be introduced in §4. In §5 the hin the given theoretical framework.

scholarly journals Markedness Approach to the Production of English Consonant Clusters Among the Libyan Arabic Speakers of English

2014 ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdalla Elsaghayer
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Research Questions

The study was conducted at the Language Centre of Misurata University, to investigate the ‘markedness’ effect of articulating CCC clusters in onset, and CC, CCC clusters in coda, among Libyan speakers of English. Eckman’s ‘Markedness Differential Hypothesis’ was employed as a theoretical framework to investigate the problem. The instruments used were a list of words containing the target consonant clusters, and unstructured interviews of the participants. 20 students, all studying at the intermediate level at Misurata University Language Centre, participated in the study. The speech samples were analyzed to identify the difficulty of pronouncing the target clusters, and their deviation in Libyans’ English speech. The CCC clusters in the onset and both CC and CCC in coda were the most difficult sounds to articulate. The answer to the research questions was clear that the Libyan speakers of English do have difficulty in articulating the complex consonant clusters because of their absence in their L1. The results of the study clearly prove and support markedness hypothesis. Some recommendations have been made to improve the pronunciation in the areas identified in the present study.

Temporal constraints on consonant clusters in child speech production

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. V. Gilbert ◽  
Barbara A. Purves
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Temporal Constraints ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Temporal Coordination ◽  
Child Speech ◽  
Absolute Duration

ABSTRACTThe present investigation examines three hypotheses concerning the development of temporal coordination of consonant clusters in the speech of children at four age levels. Results of the investigation reveal that, within the context of the consonant clusters tested, five- and seven-year-olds can be roughly separated from older children and adults on the basis of absolute duration of consonants. The implication appears to be that the timing programme used by children to achieve cluster control is different from that of adults.

Mind wandering as data augmentation: How mental travel supports abstraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrthe Faber
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Mental Content ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Important Addition

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.

Adaptive and Maladaptive Neural Plasticity Due to Facial Nerve Palsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten M. Klingner ◽  
Stefan Brodoehl ◽  
Gerd F. Volk ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius ◽  
Otto W. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy

Abstract. This paper reviews adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of cortical plasticity in patients suffering from peripheral facial palsy. As the peripheral facial nerve is a pure motor nerve, a facial nerve lesion is causing an exclusive deefferentation without deafferentation. We focus on the question of how the investigation of pure deefferentation adds to our current understanding of brain plasticity which derives from studies on learning and studies on brain lesions. The importance of efference and afference as drivers for cortical plasticity is discussed in addition to the crossmodal influence of different competitive sensory inputs. We make the attempt to integrate the experimental findings of the effects of pure deefferentation within the theoretical framework of cortical responses and predictive coding. We show that the available experimental data can be explained within this theoretical framework which also clarifies the necessity for maladaptive plasticity. Finally, we propose rehabilitation approaches for directing cortical reorganization in the appropriate direction and highlight some challenging questions that are yet unexplored in the field.

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