scholarly journals Food Addiction and Its Relationship to Weight- and Addiction-Related Psychological Parameters in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pape ◽  
Stephan Herpertz ◽  
Stefanie Schroeder ◽  
Caroline Seiferth ◽  
Tanja Färber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Weight Bias ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Weight Bias Internalization

Background and Aims: It is assumed that a relevant subgroup of individuals experiences an addiction-like eating behaviour (Food Addiction), characterized by an impaired control over eating behaviour, emotional eating and food craving. Individuals experiencing Food Addiction partially share common symptomatology with Binge-Eating-Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Food Addiction, general psychopathology, and associations with weight- and addiction-related constructs in individuals with overweight and obesity, who did not suffer from Binge-Eating-Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa.Methods:N=213 (67.1% female; MBMI=33.35kg/m2, SDBMI=3.79kg/m2) participants who were included in a weight loss program (I-GENDO project) reported BMI and completed questionnaires before the start of the treatment. Food Addiction severity, depressive symptoms, alcohol use disorder, internet use disorder, psychological distress, impulsivity personality trait, impulsive and emotional eating behaviour, food related inhibitory control, weight bias internalization, and self-efficacy were assessed.Results: The prevalence of Food Addiction was 15% with higher, although not statistically significant, prevalence in female (18.2%) compared to male (8.6%) participants. Food Addiction was associated with higher BMI at baseline assessment, low self-esteem, impulsive and emotional eating behaviour, weight bias internalization, and deficits in food-related inhibitory control. In addition, correlations were found between Food Addiction and severity of depressive symptoms, internet use disorder, and psychological distress.Conclusion: A relevant subgroup of participants experiences Food Addiction even when controlling for Binge-Eating-Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa. Future studies are warranted that investigate whether Food Addiction affects treatment success.

Eating behaviour, eating disorder and obesity

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zipfel ◽  
Löwe ◽  
Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Diagnostische Kriterien ◽  
Affektive Störungen ◽  
Therapeutische Optionen ◽  
Dsm Iv

Die Ernährungs- und Bewegungssituation sowie die sozioökonomischen Umstände haben sich in den vergangenen 50 Jahren in den entwickelten Ländern radikal gewandelt. Folgen dieser Entwicklung sind rasante Steigerungen der Prävalenzraten, insbesondere der Adipositas. Kontrastierend hierzu wird weiterhin ein ausgeprägtes Schlankheitsideal propagiert. Dieses Spannungsfeld ist mitverantwortlich für eine steigende Inzidenz von Essstörungen. Hierzu gehören im Gewichtsspektrum des Normal- bis Übergewichtes die Bulimia nervosa und die Esssucht, bisher noch mit dem englischen Begriff der «Binge-Eating-Disorder» bezeichnet. Obwohl die Bulimia Nervosa bereits 1980 in die DSM-III Kriterien aufgenommen wurde, ergaben Untersuchungen, dass bislang nur etwa 12 Prozent der Betroffenen von den Hausärzten entdeckt und richtig diagnostiziert werden. Ein Grund dieser erschreckend niedrigen Zahl liegt in der Dynamik der Erkrankung, mit einer ausgeprägten Tendenz der Patientinnen zur Verheimlichung, ein weiterer Grund mag in einer noch unzureichenden Aufklärung der Hausärzte liegen. Deshalb werden diagnostische Kriterien und therapeutische Optionen dargestellt. Essstörungen im Bereich des Übergewichtes werden seit dem DSM-IV (1994) im Wesentlichen unter dem Begriff der «Binge-Eating-Disorder (BED)» zusammengefasst. 20–30% der adipösen Patienten, die sich in Gewichtsreduktionsprogrammen befinden, leiden unter dieser Essstörung. Erste Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigen, dass diese Subgruppe der Adipösen eine modifizierte Behandlung mit einer stärkeren Fokussierung auf eine Psychotherapie bedarf. Über die initiale Abklärung einer möglichen Essstörung hinaus sollten auch affektive Störungen (Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit) oder ein gestörtes Körperbild erfasst werden. Falls Hinweise auf eine ausgeprägte Störung in diesen Bereichen vorliegen, sollte Psychotherapie fester Bestandteil eines integrierten Therapiekonzeptes der Adipositas sein.

scholarly journals Examining binge-eating disorder and food addiction in adults with overweight and obesity

Obesity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2064-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Ivezaj ◽  
Marney A. White ◽  
Carlos M. Grilo
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Overweight And Obesity

Serotonergic dysfunction across the eating disorders: relationship to eating behaviour, purging behaviour, nutritional status and general psychopathology

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1099-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MONTELEONE ◽  
F. BRAMBILLA ◽  
F. BORTOLOTTI ◽  
M. MAJ
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Prolactin Response

Background. Several recent studies have pointed to a dysfunction of serotonin transmission in patients with eating disorders. Notwithstanding, it is not known whether serotonergic abnormalities are related primarily to eating and/or purging behaviour, nutritional status or general psychopathological dimensions. Therefore, by using a validated neuroendocrine strategy, we investigated central serotonergic function in patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder who differ on the above parameters.Methods. Plasma prolactin response to D-fenfluramine (30 mg p.o.) or placebo was measured in 58 drug-free female volunteers, comprising 15 underweight anorexic women, 18 bulimic women, 10 women with binge-eating disorder and 15 female healthy controls. Behavioural assessment included ratings of eating disorder symptoms, depression, aggression and food-related obsessions and compulsions.Results. A significantly decreased prolactin response to D-fenfluramine was found in underweight anorexic women and in bulimics with high frequency bingeing ([ges ]2 binge episodes/day), but not in patients with binge-eating disorder or in bulimics with low frequency bingeing ([les ]1 binge episode/day). In the whole bulimic group, a negative correlation emerged between frequency of bingeing and prolactin response. No significant correlation was found between physical or psychopathological measures and the hormonal response in any group.Conclusions. These results confirm our previous findings of an impaired serotonergic transmission in underweight anorexics and in bulimics with high frequency bingeing, but not in patients with less severe bulimia nervosa. Moreover, they show, for the first time, that the hypothalamic serotonergic system is not altered in women with binge-eating disorder.

Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor is decreased in women with anorexia and bulimia nervosa but not in women with binge-eating disorder: relationships to co-morbid depression, psychopathology and hormonal variables

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 897-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
PALMIERO MONTELEONE ◽  
MICHELE FABRAZZO ◽  
VASSILIS MARTIADIS ◽  
CRISTINA SERRITELLA ◽  
MARILENA PANNUTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Healthy Controls

Background. Several lines of evidence indicate a role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the modulation of eating behaviour. Therefore, alterations in the physiology of this neurotrophin may be involved in the pathogenesis of eating disorders. In the present study, we investigated serum levels of BDNF in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED).Method. Ninety-nine drug-free women (27 with AN, 24 with BN, 24 with BED and 24 healthy controls) underwent both a blood sample collection in the morning and diagnostic and psychopathological assessments by means of structured clinical interviews and ad-hoc rating scales. Serum levels of BDNF, 17β-oestradiol, FT3 and FT4 were measured.Results. Compared to healthy controls, serum levels of BDNF were significantly reduced in underweight AN women and in normal weight BN women, but not in overweight BED women. Changes in circulating BDNF levels were not affected by the presence of co-morbid depressive disorders. No significant correlation emerged between neurotrophin concentrations and psychopathological, nutritional, demographic and hormonal variables.Conclusions. These findings evidentiate alterations in serum BDNF levels in malnourished patients with AN or BN, but not in well-nourished individuals with BED. Since BDNF seems to exert a satiety effect, its reduction may represent an adaptive change to counteract the decreased calorie ingestion of AN and BN individuals.

Binge Eating Disorder and Food Addiction

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Gearhardt ◽  
Marney A. White ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Food Addiction
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