Masked Translation Priming With Concreteness of Cross-Script Cognates in Visual Word Recognition by Chinese Learners of English: An ERP Study

Translation equivalents for cognates in different script systems share the same meaning and phonological similarity but are different orthographically. Event-related potentials were recorded during the visual recognition of cross-script cognates and non-cognates together with concreteness factors while Chinese learners of English performed a lexical decision task with the masked translation priming paradigm in Experiment 1 (forward translation: L1–L2) and Experiment 2 (backward translation: L2–L1). N400 effect was found to be closely related to priming effects of cross-script cognate status and concreteness in Experiment 1; and in Experiment 2, N150 and N400 effects were related to priming effects of cross-script cognate status and concreteness, and greater priming effects of cross-script cognate status in cognates than in non-cognates for abstract words were found in the time window of 100–200 ms. Meanwhile, the asymmetry of translation directions was observed in smaller priming effects in forward translation than in backward translation in the time window of 100–200 ms for abstract cognates, and in larger priming effects in forward translation than in backward translation in the time window of 350–550 ms for each type of words. We discussed the roles of phonological activation and concreteness effects in view of the function of N150 and N400 components as well as the relevant models, mainly the Distributed Feature Model and Bilingual Interactive Activation (BIA+) model.

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Behavioral and Electrophysiological Study of Phonological Priming between Bisyllabic Spoken Words

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/089892901564117 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 121-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Nicolas Dumay ◽

Abdelrhani Benraïss ◽

Brian Barriol ◽

Cécile Colin ◽

Monique Radeau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrophysiological Study ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Auditory Presentation ◽

Decision Task ◽

Phonological Priming ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Related Potentials ◽

N400 Component ◽

Lexical Processes

Phonological priming between bisyllabic (CV.CVC) spoken items was examined using both behavioral (reaction times, RTs) and electrophysiological (event-related potentials, ERPs) measures. Word and pseudoword targets were preceded by pseudoword primes. Different types of final phonological overlap between prime and target were compared. Critical pairs shared the last syllable, the rime or the coda, while unrelated pairs were used as controls. Participants performed a target shadowing task in Experiment 1 and a delayed lexical decision task in Experiment 2. RTs were measured in the first experiment and ERPs were recorded in the second experiment. The RT experiment was carried out under two presentation conditions. In Condition 1 both primes and targets were presented auditorily, while in Condition 2 the primes were presented visually and the targets auditorily. Priming effects were found in the unimodal condition only. RTs were fastest for syllable overlap, intermediate for rime overlap, and slowest for coda overlap and controls that did not differ from one another. ERPs were recorded under unimodal auditory presentation. ERP results showed that the amplitude of the auditory N400 component was smallest for syllable overlap, intermediate for rime overlap, and largest for coda overlap and controls that did not differ from one another. In both experiments, the priming effects were larger for word than for pseudoword targets. These results are best explained by the combined influences of nonlexical and lexical processes, and a comparison of the reported effects with those found in monosyllables suggests the involvement of rime and syllable representations.

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Language context effects on interlingual homograph recognition: evidence from event-related potentials and response times in semantic priming

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728901000256 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 155-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Ellen R. A. de Bruijn ◽

Ton Dijkstra ◽

Dorothee J. Chwilla ◽

Herbert J. Schriefers

Keyword(s):

Semantic Priming ◽

Context Effects ◽

Response Times ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Semantic Integration ◽

Decision Task ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Related Potentials ◽

On Line

Dutch–English bilinguals performed a generalized lexical decision task on triplets of items, responding with “yes” if all three items were correct Dutch and/or English words, and with “no” if one or more of the items was not a word in either language. Sometimes the second item in a triplet was an interlingual homograph whose English meaning was semantically related to the third item of the triplet (e.g., HOUSE – ANGEL – HEAVEN, where ANGEL means “sting” in Dutch). In such cases, the first item was either an exclusively English (HOUSE) or an exclusively Dutch (ZAAK) word. Semantic priming effects were found in on-line response times. Event-related potentials that were recorded simultaneously showed N400 priming effects thought to reflect semantic integration processes. The response time and N400 priming effects were not affected by the language of the first item in the triplets, providing evidence in support of a strong bottom-up role with respect to bilingual word recognition. The results are interpreted in terms of the Bilingual Interactive Activation model, a language nonselective access model assuming bottom-up priority.

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Translation Priming Between the Native Language and a Second Language

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169.56.3.173 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 173-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Wouter Duyck ◽

Nele Warlop

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Native Language ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Translation Equivalent ◽

Forward Translation ◽

Translation Priming ◽

Priming Paradigm ◽

Word Forms ◽

Masked Translation Priming

During the last two decades, bilingual research has adopted the masked translation priming paradigm as a tool to investigate the architecture of the bilingual language system. Although there is now a consensus about the existence of forward translation priming (from native language primes (L1) to second language (L2) translation equivalent targets), the backward translation priming effect (from L2 to L1) has only been reported in studies with bilinguals living in an L2 dominant environment. In a lexical decision experiment, we obtained significant translation priming in both directions, with unbalanced Dutch-French bilinguals living in an L1 dominant environment. Also, we demonstrated that these priming effects do not interact with a low-level visual prime feature such as font size. The obtained backward translation priming effect is consistent with the model of bilingual lexicosemantic organization of Duyck and Brysbaert (2004), which assumes strong mappings between L2 word forms and underlying semantic representations.

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Modulation of Event-Related Potentials by Semantic Priming: Effects of Color-Cued Selective Attention

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.1996.8.2.155 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 155-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Marion L. Kellenbach ◽

Patricia T. Michie

Keyword(s):

Selective Attention ◽

Semantic Priming ◽

Semantic Processing ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Decision Task ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Attentional Processing ◽

Latency Range ◽

Related Potentials ◽

N400 Component

The processing nature of N400, an event-related brain potential (ERP) component associated with semantic processing, was investigated in a paradigm combining a semantic priming lexical decision task and color-cued selective attention. Semantic priming effects on ERPs and reaction time (RT) were examined when targets and preceding semantically related primes were either both attended or both unattended, and when only either the prime or target was the focus of attention. Priming effects were determined by comparing semantically primed target ERPs (and RTs when appropriate) to their prime (in those conditions where the prime and target had the same attentional status) and/or to an unprimed control target matched to the attentional status of the primed target. Control stimuli were examined for ERP effects of color-cued selective attention unconfounded by priming factors. Experiment 1 required overt responses to words and nonwords in a binary choice task, while Experiment 2 required response only to nonwords. RTs in Experiment 1 indicated facilitatory priming effects to all semantically primed attended targets. In Experiments 1 and 2 ERPs to primes and controls were consistently more negative than the primed target trace in the N400 latency range in conditions with attended primes, suggesting priming effects on N400 are contingent on attentional processing of the prime. Removal of the attention manipulation (Experiment 3) resulted in an N400 component with a well-defined peak not evident in the first two experiments, indicating modulation of N400 by overlapping effects of attention.

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An ERP Investigation of Semantic Priming, Repetition Priming, and Negative Priming in Schizophrenic Patients

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803.20.3.195 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 195-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Michael Wagner ◽

Lioba Baving ◽

Patrick Berg ◽

Rudolf Cohen ◽

Brigitte Rockstroh

Keyword(s):

Negative Priming ◽

Repetition Priming ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Decision Task ◽

Positive Priming ◽

Retrieval Processes ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Related Potentials ◽

Late Positive Complex ◽

Automatic Memory

The processing of attended and nonattended stimuli in schizophrenic patients was examined with event-related potentials (ERPs) in a lexical decision task. In positive semantic and repetition priming the N400 amplitude did not differ between a group of 17 medicated schizophrenic patients and a group of 20 matched healthy controls. However, negative priming affected the N400 only in controls. Reaction time effects were dissociated from these ERP effects, with patients showing stronger positive priming than controls but identical negative priming. The semantic processes related to the N400 appear to be intact in schizophrenic patients, but patients seem to incorporate less context information (about the nonattended prime) in their episodic memory traces. A stronger increase of the posterior late positive complex in parallel to the stronger positive priming in schizophrenic patients may reflect relatively stronger automatic memory retrieval processes in patients.

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Masked Translation Priming Effects With Highly Proficient Simultaneous Bilinguals

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 98-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

Jon Andoni Duñabeitia ◽

Manuel Perea ◽

Manuel Carreiras

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Hierarchical Model ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Masked Priming ◽

The Other ◽

Memory Organization ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Bilingual Memory ◽

Translation Priming ◽

Masked Translation Priming

One essential issue for models of bilingual memory organization is to what degree the representation from one of the languages is shared with the other language. In this study, we examine whether there is a symmetrical translation priming effect with highly proficient, simultaneous bilinguals. We conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment with cognate and noncognate translation equivalents. Results showed a significant masked translation priming effect for both cognates and noncognates, with a greater priming effect for cognates. Furthermore, the magnitude of the translation priming was similar in the two directions. Thus, highly fluent bilinguals do develop symmetrical between-language links, as predicted by the Revised Hierarchical model and the BIA+ model. We examine the implications of these results for models of bilingual memory.

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Increased Neural Efficiency in Visual Word Recognition: Evidence from Alterations in Event-Related Potentials and Multiscale Entropy

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e23030304 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 304

Author(s):

Kelsey Cnudde ◽

Sophia van Hees ◽

Sage Brown ◽

Gwen van der Wijk ◽

Penny M. Pexman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Word Recognition ◽

Visual Word Recognition ◽

Response Times ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Visual Word ◽

Multiscale Entropy ◽

Decision Task ◽

Late Positive Component ◽

Domain Specific ◽

Related Potentials

Visual word recognition is a relatively effortless process, but recent research suggests the system involved is malleable, with evidence of increases in behavioural efficiency after prolonged lexical decision task (LDT) performance. However, the extent of neural changes has yet to be characterized in this context. The neural changes that occur could be related to a shift from initially effortful performance that is supported by control-related processing, to efficient task performance that is supported by domain-specific processing. To investigate this, we replicated the British Lexicon Project, and had participants complete 16 h of LDT over several days. We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) at three intervals to track neural change during LDT performance and assessed event-related potentials and brain signal complexity. We found that response times decreased during LDT performance, and there was evidence of neural change through N170, P200, N400, and late positive component (LPC) amplitudes across the EEG sessions, which suggested a shift from control-related to domain-specific processing. We also found widespread complexity decreases alongside localized increases, suggesting that processing became more efficient with specific increases in processing flexibility. Together, these findings suggest that neural processing becomes more efficient and optimized to support prolonged LDT performance.

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Gender and number processing in Chinese learners of Spanish – Evidence from Event Related Potentials

Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.034 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 1651-1659 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Margaret Gillon Dowens ◽

Taomei Guo ◽

Jingjing Guo ◽

Horacio Barber ◽

Manuel Carreiras

Keyword(s):

Event Related Potentials ◽

Number Processing ◽

Chinese Learners ◽

Related Potentials

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An examination of L2-L1 noncognate translation priming in the lexical decision task: insights from distributional and frequency-based analyses

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728917000013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 265-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MARIKO NAKAYAMA ◽

STEPHEN J. LUPKER ◽

YOSHIHIRO ITAGUCHI

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Lexical Decision Task ◽

High Frequency ◽

Decision Task ◽

Very High Frequency ◽

Priming Effects ◽

Target Frequency ◽

Translation Priming ◽

Japanese English ◽

Very High

The main fact that is currently known about the nature of masked L2-L1 noncognate translation priming effects in the lexical decision task is simply that those effects are significant in some studies but not in others. In an effort to better understand these effects, we examined the data pattern for very proficient Japanese–English bilinguals using RT distributional analyses. We also examined the impacts of prime and target frequency on the priming effect. Significant priming was present even on the fastest trials, becoming larger on slower trials. Nonetheless, priming effects were generally constant across prime and target frequency with the only exception being when very high frequency L2 primes were used. In that situation, priming and target frequency were negatively related, a result that essentially produced the observed pattern of increasing priming on slower trials. Implications of these results and potential reasons for the presence/absence of L2-L1 priming effects are discussed.

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