Selection and Interpretation of Scientific Evidence in Preparation for Policy Decisions: A Case Study Regarding Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine Into National Immunization Programs in Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark

ABSTRACT Objective: To carry out the National Immunization Program Information System (SIPNI) accessability assessment (EA), considering the description of the intervention, the elaboration of the theoretical-logical model and the identification of the evaluative questions. Method: A single case study with a qualitative approach, based on the system of seven elements proposed by Thurston and Ramaliu (2005). The SIPNI and the context of analysis, the vaccination rooms, were defined as the case. Results: The SIPNI description, based on documents and scientific evidence, made it possible to understand its operationalization, the main events that characterize it. The theoretical-logical model visually and systematically configured the SIPNI organization with details of the inputs, activities, products and expected effects. The evaluative questions were evaluated and validated to evaluate the SIPNI. Final considerations: The SIPNI is evaluable and presented a favorable scenario for its development. EA is an important strategy for planning subsequent evaluations, maximizing their potentials.

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The first oral rotavirus vaccine, 1998–1999: estimates of uptake from the National Immunization Survey

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50228-5 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 118 (2) ◽

pp. 134-143

Author(s):

Philip J Smith ◽

Ben Schwartz ◽

Ali Mokdad ◽

Alan B Bloch ◽

Mary McCauley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rotavirus Vaccine ◽

National Immunization ◽

National Immunization Survey

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Where Disagreements Can Lie

10.1093/oso/9780190869229.003.0010 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Inmaculada de Melo-Martín ◽

Kristen Intemann

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Significant Role ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Shared Values ◽

Policy Decisions

Chapter 10 proposes a second recommendation to deal with the negative adverse effects that normatively inappropriate dissent (NID) can have: it calls for a recognition of the limits of scientific evidence when it comes to public policymaking and for an increased focus on potential differences in the values that underlie policy decisions. It contends that while confusion and doubt about the existing empirical evidence or about its strength can contribute to stalled policies, disagreements about values can also play a significant role. Such disagreements can involve what people take to be valuable, how to interpret shared values, how to weigh conflicting values, and what policies are better for promoting certain valuable goals.

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The CAPACITI Decision-Support Tool for National Immunization Programs

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2021.04.1273 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Siobhan Botwright ◽

Birgitte K. Giersing ◽

Martin I. Meltzer ◽

Anna-Lea Kahn ◽

Mark Jit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Support ◽

Decision Support Tool ◽

Immunization Programs ◽

Support Tool ◽

National Immunization

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Acute Gastroenteritis in Children Below 5 Years of Age at Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India Post Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine into National Immunization Programme

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s12098-020-03606-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manohar Badur ◽

Vinod Kumar Reddy Pidugu ◽

Latheef Kasala ◽

Samarasimha Reddy N ◽

Varunkumar Thiyagarajan

Keyword(s):

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Rotavirus Vaccine ◽

Immunization Programme ◽

National Immunization ◽

National Immunization Programme

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Evaluatıon of adverse events following immunization reported during national immunization programs (Between 2017-2019 in Ankara Province)

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics ◽

10.1080/21645515.2020.1859316 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

A. Çigdem Simsek ◽

Elif Arabulan ◽

Nilufer Tavukçu ◽

Sertaç Çankaya ◽

Belgin Gulhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Immunization Programs ◽

National Immunization

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Vaccination Coverage for Routine Vaccines and Herd Immunity Levels against Measles and Pertussis in the World in 2019

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9030256 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 256

Author(s):

Pedro Plans-Rubió

Keyword(s):

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Action Plan ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

World Health ◽

Immunization Programs ◽

National Immunization ◽

The World ◽

Measles Vaccination ◽

The Mean ◽

Health Organization

In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Global Vaccine Action Plan with the objective to promote essential vaccinations in all countries and achieve at least 90% vaccination coverage for all routine vaccines by 2020. The study assessed the mean percentages of vaccination coverage in 2019 for 13 routine vaccines, vaccination coverage variation from 2015 to 2019, and herd immunity levels against measles and pertussis in 2019 in countries and regions of WHO. In 2019, the mean percentages of vaccination coverage were lower than 90% for 10 (78.9%) routine vaccines. The mean percentages of vaccination coverage also decreased from 2015 to 2019 for six (46.2%) routine vaccines. The prevalence of individuals with vaccine-induced measles immunity in the target measles vaccination population was 88.1%, and the prevalence of individuals with vaccine-induced pertussis immunity in the target pertussis vaccination population was 81.1%. Herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro = 18 was established in 63 (32.5%) countries but not established in any region. Herd immunity against pertussis agents was not established in any country and in any region of WHO. National immunization programs must be improved to achieve ≥90% vaccination coverage in all countries and regions. Likewise, it is necessary to achieve ≥95% vaccination coverage with two doses of measles vaccines and three doses of pertussis vaccines in all countries and regions.

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