scholarly journals Evaluatıon of adverse events following immunization reported during national immunization programs (Between 2017-2019 in Ankara Province)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
A. Çigdem Simsek ◽  
Elif Arabulan ◽  
Nilufer Tavukçu ◽  
Sertaç Çankaya ◽  
Belgin Gulhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
National Immunization

scholarly journals The CAPACITI Decision-Support Tool for National Immunization Programs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Botwright ◽  
Birgitte K. Giersing ◽  
Martin I. Meltzer ◽  
Anna-Lea Kahn ◽  
Mark Jit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
National Immunization

scholarly journals Vaccination Coverage for Routine Vaccines and Herd Immunity Levels against Measles and Pertussis in the World in 2019

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Pedro Plans-Rubió
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
The World ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Global Vaccine Action Plan with the objective to promote essential vaccinations in all countries and achieve at least 90% vaccination coverage for all routine vaccines by 2020. The study assessed the mean percentages of vaccination coverage in 2019 for 13 routine vaccines, vaccination coverage variation from 2015 to 2019, and herd immunity levels against measles and pertussis in 2019 in countries and regions of WHO. In 2019, the mean percentages of vaccination coverage were lower than 90% for 10 (78.9%) routine vaccines. The mean percentages of vaccination coverage also decreased from 2015 to 2019 for six (46.2%) routine vaccines. The prevalence of individuals with vaccine-induced measles immunity in the target measles vaccination population was 88.1%, and the prevalence of individuals with vaccine-induced pertussis immunity in the target pertussis vaccination population was 81.1%. Herd immunity against measles viruses with Ro = 18 was established in 63 (32.5%) countries but not established in any region. Herd immunity against pertussis agents was not established in any country and in any region of WHO. National immunization programs must be improved to achieve ≥90% vaccination coverage in all countries and regions. Likewise, it is necessary to achieve ≥95% vaccination coverage with two doses of measles vaccines and three doses of pertussis vaccines in all countries and regions.

scholarly journals Adverse events following immunization with pentavalent vaccine in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Sharad Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
Global Alliance ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Pentavalent Vaccine ◽  
Mild Fever

Background: Immunizations currently save 3 million lives per year throughout the world and is one of the most cost-effective health interventions. The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations (GAVI) and WHO recommended the use of pentavalent to replace the DPT vaccine in developing countries. Vaccines related most side effects are mild and non-serious. Surveillance of adverse events following immunization will enable us to monitor the safety of immunization programs and thereby contribute to validating the immunization program. The main aim of this study is to analyze all suspected adverse events in children reported for pentavalent vaccination.Methods:A prospective, observational epidemiological study was conducted in the department of Paediatrics OPD at tertiary care teaching institute during October 2016 to December 2016. The study was conducted amongst 190 children attending the department of Paediatrics OPD for the second or third dose of pentavalent vaccine.Results: The study shows the following adverse effects after pentavalent injection  127 (66.8%) children had pain at the site of injection, 103(54.2%) mild fever, Swelling at injection site 84(44.2%) and 55(28.9%) children held their leg back due to pain. In majority 85 (44.7%) of children antipyretic and in 65 (34.2%) children analgesic was given was given to relieve the symptoms. The parents were very positive for completing their children’s immunization schedule even though they have faced few symptoms.Conclusions:It can be concluded that all the adverse events reported were mild and could be managed easily without any complications. 

scholarly journals Individual protection and population effect – two sides of one medal

2018 ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Ignatova ◽  
V. N. Antonov ◽  
M. P. Kostinov ◽  
A. D. Protasov
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Programs ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Vaccines For Children ◽  
Two Sides

The studies of the serotype composition of pneumococci in various countries indicate that over 80% of the most severe invasive diseases are caused by 20 serotypes, and 13 serotypes cause 70–75% of diseases globally [3]. The vaccination of the population is the main way to reduce the incidence of both invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal infections. With evidence of the safety and efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, WHO and UNCF consider it necessary to include these vaccines for children in the national immunization programs around the world.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of human papillomavirus vaccine for primary prevention of cervical cancer: A review of evidence from phase III trials and national programs

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Basu ◽  
Dipanwita Banerjee ◽  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Chandrani Bhattacharya ◽  
Jaydip Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
National Immunization

AbstractThe Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been widely introduced in the national immunization programs in most of the medium and high income countries following endorsement from national and international advisory bodies. HPV vaccine is unique and its introduction is challenging in many ways – it is the first vaccine developed to prevent any cancer, the vaccine is gender specific, it targets adolescent females who are difficult to reach by any health intervention programs. It is not unusual for such a vaccine to face scepticism and reservations not only from lay public but also from professionals in spite of the clinical trial results convincingly and consistently proving their efficacy and safety. Over the last few years millions of doses of the HPV vaccine have been administered round the world and the efficacy and safety data have started coming from the real life programs. A comprehensive cervical cancer control program involving HPV vaccination of the adolescent girls and screening of the adult women has been proved to be the most cost‑effective approach to reduce the burden of cervical cancer. The present article discusses the justification of HPV vaccination in the backdrop of natural history of cervical cancer, the mechanism of action of the vaccines, efficacy and safety data from phase III randomized controlled trials as well as from the national immunization programs of various countries.

scholarly journals Active surveillance of adverse events following immunization (AEFI): a prospective 3-year vaccine safety study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 251513551988900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juny Sebastian ◽  
Parthasarathi Gurumurthy ◽  
Mandyam Dhati Ravi ◽  
Madhan Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Vaccines used in national immunization programs are considered safe and effective but immunization safety has become as important as the efficacy of vaccination programs. The objective of the study was to detect adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) to all vaccines administered to a pediatric population in India. Methods: The prospective active vaccine safety surveillance study enrolled eligible children in the age group 0–5 years receiving vaccination from the immunization center at JSS Hospital, Mysuru. Study participants were monitored at the site for 30 min following vaccination and a telephonic survey was made after 8 days to identify all AEFIs. Causality assessment of the AEFIs were done using a new algorithm developed by the safety and vigilance department of the World Health Organization. Results: The incidence of reported AEFIs was 13.7%. The most frequently reported AEFI was fever ( n = 3095, 93.2%) with an incidence of 109.7 per 1000 doses of vaccine administered, followed by persistent crying ( n = 69, 2.4 per 1000 doses of vaccine) and diarrhea ( n = 57, 2.0 per 1000 doses of vaccine). The majorly implicated vaccine for AEFIs was Pentavac® followed by BCG. Consistent causal association to immunization was observed in 93.4% of cases. Conclusions: A high incidence rate of AEFI was observed in our study population when compared with previous published studies. AEFI surveillance studies help to detect changes in the frequency of adverse events, which may be an alert to consider vaccine quality or identify a specific risk among the local population.

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