scholarly journals Building Scientific Capability and Reducing Biological Threats: The Effect of Three Cooperative Bio-Research Programs in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Yeh ◽  
Kairat Tabynov ◽  
Falgunee K. Parekh ◽  
Elina Maltseva ◽  
Yuriy Skiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Capability Maturity ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Successes And Challenges

Cooperative research programs aimed at reducing biological threats have increased scientific capabilities and capacities in Kazakhstan. The German Federal Foreign Office's German Biosecurity Programme, the United Kingdom's International Biological Security Programme and the United States Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Biological Threat Reduction Program provide funding for partner countries, like Kazakhstan. The mutual goals of the programs are to reduce biological threats and enhance global health security. Our investigation examined these cooperative research programs, summarizing major impacts they have made, as well as common successes and challenges. By mapping various projects across the three programs, research networks are highlighted which demonstrate best communication practices to share results and reinforce conclusions. Our team performed a survey to collect results from Kazakhstani partner scientists on their experiences that help gain insights into enhancing day-to-day approaches to conducting cooperative scientific research. This analysis will serve as a basis for a capability maturity model as used in industry, and in addition builds synergy for future collaborations that will be essential for quality and sustainment.

scholarly journals Global Health Security: Protecting the United States in an Interconnected World

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Bunnell ◽  
Zara Ahmed ◽  
Megan Ramsden ◽  
Karina Rapposelli ◽  
Madison Walter-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security

scholarly journals Global Health Security Initiative strengthens preparedness and response to smallpox and other bioterrorist threats

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hoile
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chemical Release ◽  
The United Kingdom

Preparedness and response to the threats of smallpox, chemical release and pandemic influenza were discussed at the third meeting of the Global Health Security Initiative on 6 December 2002 in Mexico City. The meeting was attended by health ministers and secretaries from the G7+ countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (US), plus Mexico), and the European Commissioner for Health and Consumer Protection (1). The first meeting, which saw the launch of the initiative, was held in Ottawa in November 2001, and a second meeting was held in London, in March 2002 (2).

scholarly journals Strengthening international collaboration to improve global health security

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Harling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Global Health ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
International Initiative

Health ministers met in London on 14 March to make progress with the coordinated international initiative to improve global health security (http://tap.ccta.gov.uk/doh/intpress.nsf/page/2002-0132?OpenDocument). The aim is to better prepare for and respond to acts of chemical, biological, and radionuclear terrorism. Ministers, secretaries, and senior officials from the European Union, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Japan were involved.

scholarly journals Chemical threats in the EU Health Security Programme

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Chemical Threats ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Eu

All projected tasks for the European Commission’s Task Force for Biological and Chemical Attacks (http://europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph/programmes/bio-terrorism/index_en.html) take both biological and chemical threats into account. The Task Force experts have compiled information from a series of valid lists of toxic threats, from bodies including the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), the Australia Group* (AG), the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and others. A list of suspicious chemicals and toxins is being finalised by the Task Force, working with their counterparts in the Global Health Security Initiative of the G7+ countries (1).

An Exploratory Study of Building Information Modelling Maturity in the Construction Industry

2018 ◽  
pp. 06-19
Author(s):  
Nor’Aini Yusof ◽  
◽  
Siti Salwa Mohd Ishak ◽  
Rahma Doheim ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Capability Maturity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Building Information

Despite the benefits of Building Information Modelling (BIM), the adoption level of BIM remains much lower than expected. Construction companies should appraise the existing condition in the BIM implementation to ascertain the applicable progress avenues that fit the user’s traits. To achieve this aim, the objectives of this paper are i) to identify the trends of BIM maturity studies ii) to conceptualise what is BIM maturity; iii) to identify the existing models of BIM maturity iv) to identify the indicators for measuring BIM maturity in the company, the project and the industry. A systematic review was conducted on BIM maturity articles, published in the Scopus database from 2008 to April 2018. The results reveal that most BIM maturity studies are dominated by authors from the United Kingdom and the United States, but the top three authors highly-cited were from Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. The results highlight four aspects in the conceptualisation of BIM maturity: quality of use, the extent of use, the context of use and stages of the processes. The four most frequently quoted BIM maturity models are the National BIM Standard Capability Maturity Model, BIM maturity, BIM proficiency matrix and BIM implementation models. The results revealed seven major indicators for assessing BIM maturity namely information, people, policy, process, technology, organisation and BIM output. The findings advance the practitioners’ understanding of important indicators that must be considered to initiate or increase the BIM maturity levels in their respective companies or projects.

scholarly journals Global Health Security Risk Assessment in the Biological Threat Reduction Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Nino Kharaishvili ◽  
Toni-Marie L. Hudson ◽  
Jaya K. Kannan ◽  
Vera Ettenger ◽  
Seema Mirje
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Security Risk Assessment

The Chronicle of a Disease Foretold: Pandemic H1N1 and the Construction of a Global Health Security Threat

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Abraham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The Impact

The period beginning in 2004 saw an extraordinary spurt in attention paid to avian and pandemic influenza in the United States and at the global level. A disease that for decades had languished in the ‘dull but worthy’ category of infectious diseases was elevated to a risk to global health security. The securitisation of influenza was not unproblematic. The influenza pandemic of 2009 turned out to be far milder than anticipated, and much of the scientific basis on which planning had proceeded and resources had been mobilised turned out to be wrong. Developing countries with other disease priorities were urged to pour resources into pandemic planning exercises and change poultry-raising practices. The article argues that for an issue to be securitised as a global health threat, it is essential that the United States takes the lead role (or at the very least supports efforts by other leading powers). It uses the Copenhagen School's analysis to examine how avian and pandemic influenza was securitised in the United States, and then uses the concept of framing to examine why this disease was securitised by looking at the prior existence of an issue culture or discourse around emerging infectious diseases, which gained salience after the 2011 anthrax attacks. It finally looks at the impact of securitisation on countries with different priorities.

scholarly journals Achieving Health Security and Threat Reduction through Sharing Sequence Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Yeh ◽  
Jeanne Fair ◽  
Helen Cui ◽  
Carl Newman ◽  
Gavin Braunstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genomic Sequencing ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools

With the rapid development and broad applications of next-generation sequencing platforms and bioinformatic analytical tools, genomics has become a popular area for biosurveillance and international scientific collaboration. Governments from countries including the United States (US), Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom have leveraged these advancements to support international cooperative programs that aim to reduce biological threats and build scientific capacity worldwide. A recent conference panel addressed the impacts of the enhancement of genomic sequencing capabilities through three major US bioengagement programs on international scientific engagement and biosecurity risk reduction. The panel contrasted the risks and benefits of supporting the enhancement of genomic sequencing capabilities through international scientific engagement to achieve biological threat reduction and global health security. The lower costs and new bioinformatic tools available have led to the greater application of sequencing to biosurveillance. Strengthening sequencing capabilities globally for the diagnosis and detection of infectious diseases through mutual collaborations has a high return on investment for increasing global health security. International collaborations based on genomics and shared sequence data can build and leverage scientific networks and improve the timeliness and accuracy of disease surveillance reporting needed to identify and mitigate infectious disease outbreaks and comply with international norms. Further efforts to promote scientific transparency within international collaboration will improve trust, reduce threats, and promote global health security.

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