Mechanical Properties of Novel Reinforced Spray in Place Pipe Material With Potential Fully Structural Performance Application

Many utility owners in the United States are actively searching for new and innovative rehabilitation techniques to help them regain control and repair large tracts of their networks; moreover, traditional open cut replacement is too costly and slow to keep up with demand. Many trenchless techniques such as Spray-In-Place Pipe (SIPP) lining have been adopted by municipalities to renew their aging pipeline systems. The further development of SIPP linings could benefit the water community in the United States and around the world. SIPP lining could play a key role in controlling the future expected burden caused by the aging distribution networks. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of a newly proposed reinforced spray in place pipe (SIPP) lining material that boasts structural characteristics. This material is a spray applied two component polyurethane high build coating. Three forms of sample were investigated during these tests: (1) No Fiber-Baseline (2) Rigid-with one layer of carbon fiber (3) Rigid—with two layers of carbon fiber. Three types of tests are performed: tensile, flexural, and hardness tests. This study included both experimental and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Target mechanical properties of proposed material can be improved by using carbon fiber (CF) as reinforcement and based on the results of this study, the SIPP lining material with two layers of CF reinforcement has the highest value of 8,067 psi and 16,534 psi during the tensile and flexural test, respectively.

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Strain energy and finite element analysis to predict the mechanical properties of vapor grown carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene nanocomposites

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.09.034 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ashok Kumar Bagha ◽

Shashi Bahl

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Finite Element Analysis ◽

Finite Element ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

Strain Energy ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Polypropylene Nanocomposites ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced

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Blacks Jews: the religious challenge or politics versus religion

European Journal of Sociology ◽

10.1017/s0003975600005488 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 217-240

Author(s):

Ulysses Santamaria

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

New World ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

The United States ◽

Religious Groups ◽

Dual Identity ◽

The Many

Amongst the many religious groups to be found in the United States, one is remarkable and very little known : the Black Hebrews. This group shares structural characteristics common to many minorities, but is also distinguished by a dual identity derived from the experience of slavery and the cultural mix specific to the New World.

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The Mechanical Properties of Porcine Coronary Arteries Determined With a Mixed Experimental-Numerical Approach

ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2008-192791 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Arjen van der Horst ◽

Chantal N. van den Broek ◽

Marcel C. M. Rutten ◽

Frans N. van de Vosse

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Arterial Wall ◽

Coronary Circulation ◽

Mechanical Characterization ◽

Numerical Approach ◽

The United States ◽

Mechanical Factors

Mechanical characterization of the coronary arterial wall is important for several reasons. Mechanical factors play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis [1]. Atherosclerotic coronary arteries may be treated mechanically with interventions like PTCA and stent implantation, 1265000 PTCA procedures were performed in the United States in 2005 [2]. Furthermore, knowledge of the mechanical properties of the arterial wall is important for modeling of the coronary circulation and explaining its hemodynamics.

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Moduli and Stress Patterns Determined From Heterogeneous MRI-Based Strains

ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2010-19371 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Kent D. Butz ◽

Deva D. Chan ◽

Eric A. Nauman ◽

Corey P. Neu

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

The United States ◽

Stress And Strain ◽

Tissue Integrity ◽

Tissue Degeneration ◽

Stress Patterns ◽

Comprehensive Characterization

Characterization of stress and strain patterns in load-bearing tissue such as articular cartilage is key to developing successful treatment strategies for osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease affecting 27 million people in the United States alone [1]. Moreover, knowledge of the stress and mechanical properties of cartilage provides a more comprehensive characterization of tissue integrity during tissue degeneration or repair.

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Service Pipe Material and Practice in the United States and Canada

American Water Works Association ◽

10.1002/j.1551-8833.1931.tb17968.x ◽

1931 ◽

Vol 23 (10) ◽

pp. 1435-1454

Author(s):

James E. Gibson

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Pipe Material

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Individual characteristics vs. city structural characteristics: explaining self-employment differences among Chinese, Japanese, and Filipinos in the United States

The Journal of Socio-Economics ◽

10.1016/j.socec.2004.09.019 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 341-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Don Mar

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

The United States ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Self Employment

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Design of a Compliant Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Probe

Volume 5A: 40th Mechanisms and Robotics Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2016-59923 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bradley W. Hanks ◽

Mary Frecker ◽

Matthew Moyer

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

The United States ◽

Design Tools ◽

Ablation Zone ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Common Cancer ◽

Endoscopic Ablation ◽

Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly forms of cancer in the United States. Due to its late diagnosis, only 20% of patients diagnosed with the disease are eligible for surgical resection which is considered the preferred method of treatment. Radiofrequency ablation is a common cancer treatment modality for patients ineligible for open surgery. There is a lack of ablation probes which may be used to generate spherical heating zones which closely match the geometry of typical tumors. In particular, there are no endoscopic ablation probes commercially available in the United States. In this paper the design of a compliant endoscopic radiofrequency ablation probe is presented. This probe features an array of compliant tines which deploy through the cancerous tissue to effectively broaden the ablation zone. A thermal ablation model is used to inform the design of the geometry of the probe. In addition, finite element analysis is used to determine the feasibility of the compliant structures. These design tools are used as aids to inform the design and direct modifications toward a feasible probe which generates a spherical ablation zone.

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